Fabrication and testing of large diameter multiple tube jet condense

Hays, L.

English

NASA Technical Reports Server

7 
I 
Monthly  P r o g r e s s  R e p o r t ,  J a n u a r y  1962 
CONDENSEK HEAT R E J E C T I O N  SYSTEMS 
P r e p a r e d  f o r  
Te chn  i c a 1 D i r e c t o r  
OTf ice ‘  of Space F l i g h t  Programs 
N a t i o n a l  A c r o l m u t  i c s and Space  Admini s t r a t  i o n  
C o n t r a c t  No. NAS 7 - 1 1  
EOS R e p o r t  1538 -MI,- 15 
P r e p a r e d  by 
d Lance  Hays 
P r o j e c t  S u p e r v i s o r  
GPO PRICE $ 
OTS PRICE(S) $ 
Hard copy (HC) #hB 
Microfiche (MF) d d&J 
10 F e b r u a r y  1962 
Approved  by 
Donald  H .  M c C l e l l a n d ,  Manage[ 
Spec ial P r o  j ec t s Depar  tmen t 
J .  N e u s t e i n ,  Manager 
ADVANCED POWER SYSTEMS 
DIVISION 
a 
ELECTRO-OPTICAL SYSTEMS, I N C .  PASADEN.4, CALIFORNIA 
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19650010278 2020-03-17T00:40:24+00:00Z
I 
1. S U 3 I A R Y  
Durin,: t h e  p a j t  r e p , r t i n g  pe r io l1  the i n d e s t i d a t i o n  of  l a r g e  d i a : . i e t e r  
j e t  c . j n d c n s e r 3  w a ;  cu i  t n u e d .  T w t i n ; :  i.f t h e  f i r s t  g e o - . i e t r y  ( i e e  EOS 
Rep. , r t  1538-YL-13) was c o n c l u d e d ,  anil i n i t i a t  t e 3 t ;  01 a 3 i x i l a r  ,Geo:netry 
w i t h o u t  the c o n s t a n t  arca t.hrmt were pcrtor1: ied.  StaLLe ;>er&\)r . l ance ,  
t o g e t h e r  w i t h  hi , ;h  p r e j s u r e  r i s e  r a t i o s  ( 1 . 0 - 2 u 9 )  were c b t a i n e d  31,rer a 
w i d e  r a n g e  of v a r i a t l e s  w i t h  t h e  f u r r w r  t e s t  s e c t i o n  ( see  b e l o w ) .  
P r e s  j u r e  r i s e  r e s u l t s  have d e v i a t e d  sjxiewtiat i r o n  t h e  r e j u l t s  o f  the 
a n a l y s i s  g h i c h  was l a 3 e d  on t h e  a s ; l r ; . l p t ion  (of c o n s t a n t  p r e s s u r e  i n  t h e  
m i x i n g  - h a n b e r .  The d e v i a t i o n s  c'an Le q u a l i t a t i v e l y  e x p l a i n e d  by .Jar ia-  
t i . ) n s  i n  t h e  mix;n< s e c t i d n  p r e . 3 ~ u r e  p r o f i l e .  An a . 1 a . y ~ - 3 ,  t h e r e f o r e ,  
ha3 teen i n i t i a t e d  t o  i n c i u d e  t h e  a 3 c  o f  v a r y i n g  p r e u u u r e  i n  t h i s  r e g i o n .  
F a t r i . a t i c m  .)f t h e  luuLtituL,e j e t  c ( i n . l c n s e r  t e s t  u n i t  was c o n t i n u e d ,  
Tk.e a u r e 1 : t i y  is IIJW 10 p e r c e n t  complete. A :3eries of  t e s t s  w i t h  a i r  a r e  
b e i n g  p l a n n e d  t o  d e t e r m i n e  t h e  f l d w  d i s t r i b u t i o n  r e s u 1 t : n g  fro:n tile v a p o r  
plcnu.:i c .ha : I t e r  d e s i g n .  U;mn Lmlpletior.1 of t h e a e  t e s t s  and  c 0 r r e c t i . m  d f  
a n y  I : i a l d i s t r i t u t i o n ,  the t e s t  u n i t  w i l l  be i n s t a l l e d  i n  t h e  10 kw t e s t  r i g .  
THTO a d d L t i o n a 1  i a i l u r e s  of b o i l e r  h e a t i n g  e l e r i i en t s  o c < , u r r e d  d u r i n g  
t h e  ; l a s t  reporting p e r i o d .  T h e s e  f a i l u r e 3  were f e l t  t o  b e  m a i n l y  d u e  t o  
a g i n d  of t h e  hea te r . ;  a n d  da:nage t o  o t h e r  e l e c t r i c a l  c o n p J n c n t u  r e c e i v e d  
d u r i n g  a p r e v i o u s  h e a t e r  t a i l u r c ,  (See  E3S R e p o r t  t5Y8-M-lii) Conse- 
q u e n t l y ,  a l l  b v i i e r  h e a t e r s  were  r e p l a c e d ,  a l l  e l e c t r i c a l  c i r c u i t s  were 
t e s t e d  a n d  r e p a i r e d ,  a n d  improved c i r c u i t  p r o t e c t i l l n  i n s t a l l e d .  A i l  
e l e c t r i c a l  c o x p  j n e n t s  a r e  p e r f o r - n i n g  s a t i s f a c t o r i l y  s i n c e  these : n , ) d i f i c a -  
t i d n s  were # l ade .  
2.  TECHNICAL DISCUSSION 
The range of v a r i a b l e s  (independent and dependent) t e s t e d  f o r  
t h e  i n i t i a l  l a r g e  diameter j e t  condenser ( see  Table I of EOS Report  
1588-M-13) i s  shown i n  Table I. I n  order  t o  determine the  ope ra t -  
ing c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s  of t he  j e t  condenser,  r a t h e r  wide ranges were 
t e s t e d ;  f o r  example, vapor pressure  and dens i ty  r a t i o  were va r i ed  -. . 
by a f a c t o r  of t e n .  Liquid i n j e c t i o n  flow r a t e  and mass flow r a t i o  
were v a r i e d  by a f a c t o r  of four .  I n  additi-on t o  the  wide v a r i a b l e  
ranges t e s t e d ,  s e v e r a l  si gnif i c a n t  extremes which were i n v e s t i g a t e d  
should be noted.  For example, t h e  j e t  condenser exh jb i t ed  s t a b l e  
performance c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s  and ne t  p re s su re  r i s e  wi th  extremely 
low va lues  of vapor v e l o c i t y  ' (25-40  fps )  and l i q u i d  v e l o c i t y  (2.5- 
3 f p s ) .  Di f fe rences  between o u t l e t  tzmperature and vapor temper- 
a t u r e  as low as 7 F were obtained.  For t h i s  va lue  the  spray u t i l -  
i z a t i o n  f a c t o r  a t t a i n e d  a value of 0.95 ( t h e  maximum p o s s i b l e  j s  
u n i t y ) .  S t ab le  condensation w a s  achieved f o r  very low vapor p re s -  
0 
.. * s u r e 6  (4 .0 p s i a )  and vapor d e n s i t i e s  (0 ,004  l b / f t  ) w i t h  a net  pres- 
s u r e  r ise through t h e  condenser. Vapor-liquid pressure  r ises of as 
high as 20.5 ps id  were obtained w i t h  p re s su re  ri.se r a t f o s  as high 
as 2.9.  I n  s u m a r y ,  t he  la rge  diameter j e t  condenser has  proved 
very  f l e x i b l e  i n  ope ra t ion .  Use of a l a r g e r  geometry (0.75'' I D )  
appears  t o  have reduced t h e  r e l a t i v e  magnitude of the  l o s s e s  which 
were obta ined  when t e s t i n g  smaller  diameter (.013" I D )  t e s t  u n i t s ,  
and performance ha6 improved i n  n e a r l y  every r e s p e c t .  
summarized i n  Table I are p resen t ly  being analyzed and c o r r e l a t e d .  
The t e s t  d a t a  
It should be emphazized t h a t  t h e  v a r i a b l e  ranges of Table I 
are  no t  completely independent. For example, h igher  va lues  of vap- 
o r  v e l o c i t y  were obtained fo r  t he  lower va lues  of vapor p re s su re  and 
vapor d e n s i t y .  High va lues  of spray u t i l i z a t i o n  f a c t o r  were obta ined  
1588 -ML - 15 2 
f o r  t h e  h i g h e r  v a l u e s  of v a p o r  d e n s i t y  and lower  v a l u e s  of l i q u i d  
v e l o c i t y .  M o r e o v e r ,  d a t a  r e d u c t i o n  h a s  beeti  v e r i f i e d  t h u s  f a r  o n l y  b y  
s p o t  c h e c k s .  F u r t h e r  v e r i f i c a t i o n  i g  r e q u i r e d  b e f o r e  t h e s e  v a l u e s  c a n  
b e  c o n s i d e r e d  f i n a l .  
A s  d i ; c u s s e d  a b o v e ,  f a b r i c a t i o n  of t h e  r m l t i t u b e  j e t  c o n d e n s e r  t e s t  
u n i t  is n e a r i n g  c o r ? p l e t i o n .  F i g u r e s  1 ,  2 ,  a:ld 3 a r e  p h d t o s r a p h s  of  t h e  
p r e r e n t  a s ; e : i b l y  and  coriporient p a r t s .  I n  F i g .  1 ,  a g e n e r a l  v i ew of t h e  
a r r e . i i b l y  i s  p r o v i d e d .  (Ttle u n i t  w i l l  b e  i n s t a i l e d  i n  t h e  LO ku t e s t  r i g  
w i t h  l i q u i d  i n l e t  plenum and v a l v e s  be low t l te  j e t  c o i i d e n s e r s u )  Vapor 
e n t e r s  . a . p L e n w  cha,nber irm. t h e  r i g h t  t h r o u g h  a b a f f l e .  The plenu!,i i s  
d e s i g n e d  s u c h  t h a t  t h e  v a 2 o r  v e l o c i t y  i s  l e s s  t h a n  1 f p s .  Vapor f l o w s  
f r o n  t h e  p lenum i n t o  e a c h  o f  t h r e e  j e t  c o n d e n s e r  t e s t  u n i t s .  S u b c o o l e d  
l i q u i d  f l o w s  i n t o  a plenum from t h e  l e f t  i n t o  e a c h  of  t h r e e  d e l i v e r y  
l i n e s ,  a r d  t h r o u g h  LTalves t o  the  i n j e c t o r g .  (The d l s . h a r g c  c o e f l i c i e n t s  
o t  t h e  v a l v e s  were m e a s u r e d  and t h e  maxiinur:i d i f i e r e n c e  be tween  v a l v e s  i s  
1 p e r ( . c n t ) .  A r e m o t e  c o n t r o l  i s  p r d v i t i e J  011 t h e  m i d d l e  v a l v e  5 , )  t h a t  i t  
c a n  be  a d j u s t e d  f r o n  w i d e  open t o  some i n t e r m e d i a t e  v a l u e  t o  p e r t u r b  t h e  
i n  j e c  t e d  l i q u i d  d i s t r i b u t i o n .  
FLgcre  2 p r c s e n t s  a v i ew of  t h e  l i q u i d  i n j e c t o r s  and  v a p o r  i n l . e t  
o r i f i c e s ,  P r o p e r  a l i g n m e n t  of t h e  i n j e c t o r s  was e n s u r e d  b y  u s e  o f  a j i g  
f i x t u r e  d u r i n g  w e l d i n g .  The r e s u l t a n t  l i q u i d  f l o w  e x i s t s  frur:1 e a c h  of 
t h e  j e t  c o n d e n s e r s  t o  t h e  l e f t  ( F i g .  1). A l l  t h r e e  f1ow.s a r e  t h e n  c o l -  
l e c t e d  i n  a plenum ( F i g .  3 )  and r e t u r n e d  t o  t h e  pump. The u s e  of  Low 
v e l o c i t y  p lenum chamber3  is e x p e c t e d  t o  r e d u c e  p r o b l e m  w h i c h  : n i j h t  a r i s e  
f r o m  h a v i n g  f l o w  n l a l d i s t r i b u t i o n s  e x t e r n a l  t o  t h e  t e s t  u n i t s .  C d ~ i ~ p l e t i d t ~  
o f  t h e  a s s e m b l y  and  i n s t a l l a t i o n  i n  the t e s t  r i g  is  p l a n n e d  f o r  t h e  n e x t  
r e p o z  t i n , :  p e r i o d  . 
3 .  LP. ...BOR HOURS 
D u r i n d  t h e  p e r i o d  3 1  Decenber  1361  t o  2 7  J a n u a r y  13b2 a t o t a l  o t  
773  l a b o r  h o u r s  w e r e  e x p e n d e d .  
1 j38-ML-  15 3 
4 .  FUTURE EFFORT 
During the next reporting period the following progress is 
p lanned : 
a. Continued testing of large diameter jet condensers 
b. Completion and installation of mutitube test unit 
C. Analysis 
Figure 4 furnishes a comparision of technical effort estimated 
at the inception of the four mmth extension with that actually ex- 
pended. 
1588-IIL-15 4 
TABLE I RANGE OF VARIABLE 
(For Large Diameter Jet Condenser (No. 5)* 
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES 
1. 
2. 
3. 
4 .  
5 ;  - 
6 .  
7 ,  
8. 
9. 
10 0 
11. 
Vapor Temperature 
Vapor Pressure 
Density Ratio (Liquid/Vapor) 
Vapor Flow Rate 
Vapar-Vefoei t y  
Injected Liquid Flow Rate 
Injected Liquid Velocity 
Mass Flow Ratio (Liquid/Vapor) 
Liquid Temperature Rise (Radiator AT) 
Outlet Subcooling 
Spray Utilization Factor 
550-790 OF 
4.0-41.0 psia 
1250-11,800 
120-230 lb/hr 
26-240 f p s  
1730-7000 lb/hr 
2.5-10.5 f p s  
12 .?-42.8 
94-310 OF 
7-100+ OF 
0.48-0.95 
DEPENDENT VARIABLES 
1. Pressure Rise 1 .O-20.5 psid 
2 .  Pressure Rise/Liquid Kinetic Energy 0.9-2,9 
' 3 .  Pressure Rise/Vapor Kinetic Energy 12.5-130 
4. Condensation Length - 1 .O" 
*All values represent the extremes tested for 
"stable operation" of the jet condenser; i.e., 
all liquid at outlet and interface in constant 
area t h roa t .  
1588-ML-15 5 
. Liquid Outlet L 
Vapor Line\ Multi Tube Unit Liquid I 
Boiler 
ne 
nlet L ine 
Heater 
Cooler 
' Pump 
Metal Test Section 
I Va Dor P I en urn C ham be r Liquid Outlet Line \ 
-iquid Inlet Line 
High Intensity 
Lighting for Fas 
Motion Pictures 
Adjustable Valve 
tax 
c 
0 
7 REMOTE CONTROLLED 
LIQUID INLET VALVE 
LIQUID INLET PLENUM 
VAPOR DELIVERY 
METAL CHAMBER 
TEST SECTION 
FIG. 1 MULTI-TUBE JET CONDENSER ASSEMBLY 
VAPOR PLENUM CHAMBER 
PRESSURE TAP 
INJECTION LINE 
FIG. 2 MULTI-TUBE JET CONIIESSER - LIQUID INJECTOKS AND 
VAPOR TNLET STKlJC'I'lIRE 
1 5 8 8 - M L -  15 
LIQUID OUTLET PLENUM 
J 
.I QUID 
LIN 
SECTIONS 
FIG. 3 M U L T I - T U B E  J E T  CONDENSER - L I Q U I D  O U T L E T  
P L E N I U M  CHAMBER 
1588-ML- 15 
7 
. . .  
I 
- L 
1588-f.IL- ij 
3 
7361491 


Condenser heat rejection systems monthly progress report, jan. 1962

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