Carbon dioxide fundamental absorption spectrum at 1500 deg Kelvi

Abu-Romia, M. M.

Giedt, W. H.

Tien, C. L.

English

NASA Technical Reports Server

- I  
FOURTH QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT 
FOR THE PERIOD 
April 1, 1965 through June 30, 1965 
~NFRARED RADIATION MEASUREMENTS OF COMBUSTION GASES 
by 
GPO PRICE $ 
M. M. Abu-Romia 
W. H. Giedt 
C .  L. Tien 
CFSTl PRICElS) $ 
Hard copy (HC) 
., Microfiche (MF) 
! 
J 
653 July 6 5  
i 
Iiversity of California at Berkeley 
Prepared for 
George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, NASA, 
Huntsville , A1 abama 
Under Contract No. NAS 8-11468 
Reproduction in whole or in part is permitted 
f o r  any purpose of the United States Government 
FACULTY INVESTIGATORS : 
W. H. GIEDT, Professor of Mechanical Engineering 
C. L. TIEN, Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering 
m N66 21,781 
(ACCESS'ION NUMBER) E 
(PAGES) 
(CATEGORY1 (NASA CR OR TMX OR AD NUMBER1 
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19660012492 2020-03-16T22:58:01+00:00Z
. T 
1 
INTROrnI?O)I 
Knowledge of t he  i n f r a r e d  r a d i a t i v e  p r o p e r t i e s  of r o c k e t  exhaust gases  
is requi red  i n  many app l i ca t ions .  Examples inc lude  the  p r e d i c t i o n  of 
r a d i a t i v e  h e a t i n g  t o  the  base  reg ions  of mult i -engine v e h i c l e s  and t h e  
long-range d e t e c t i o n  of b a l l i s t i c  missiles. The magnitude and c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s  
of t h i s  i n f r a r e d  r a d i a t i o n  depends on t he  flame composition and temperature.  
Ana ly t i ca l  s t u d i e s  of t he  r a d i a t i v e  hea t ing  from rocke t  exha d 5  t plumes 
i n d i c a t e d  t h e  need f o r  complete and accu ra t e  s p e c t r a l  abso rp t ion  d a t a .  
Although numerous i n v e s t i g a t i o n s  of CO and H ' O  have been r epor t ed  r e c e n t l y ,  
the r e s u l t s  a r e  f o r  a maximum temperature of 2000 F or a r e  r e s t r i c t e d  t o  
a narrow wavelength reg ion .  Furthermore,  , e x i s t i n g  t h e o r i e s  f o r  predicRfhg 
i n f r a r e d  r a d i a t i o n  from high  temperature gases  a r e  based on highly  i d e a l i z e d  
phys ica l  models. The v a l i d i t y  and a p p l i c a b i l i t y  of the,  r e s u l t s  p red ic t ed  
from these  t h e o r i e s  r e q u i r e  experimental  confirmatiom. 
2 2 
0 
The o b j e c t i v e  of t he  present  study is t o  o b t a i n  t h e  s p e c t r a l  cha rac t e r -  
i s t i c s  of a number of common cnmbustion products  under a v a r i e t y  of accura t e ly  
known thermodynamics and o p t i c a l  cond i t ions .  Cons idera t ions  lead ing  t o  t h e  
des ign  and f a b r i c a t i o n  of an experimental  appara tus  f o r  t h i s  purpose a r e  
g iven  i n  reference 1. This equipment c o n s i s t s  of a g r a p h i t e  r e s i s t a n c e  
fu rnace  wi th  an i n e r t  ceramic tube l i n e r  for t h e  containment of high-temp- 
e r a t u r e  gases ,  and an o p t i c a l  system f o r  d e t e c t i o n  of t h e  i n f r a r e d  absorp t ion .  
The test  o p t i c a l  p a t h  is l imi t ed  t o  t h e  c e n t r a l  zone of the fu rnace  by t h e  
use of window holders  a t  each end. Hot-pressed z i n c  s e l e n i d e  windows were 
originally empioyed because t h i s  m a t e r i a l  is t r a n s p a r e n t  i n  the  1-20 p 
. 
2 
wavelength region and inert to 
In order to keep these windows 
cool the holders in which they 
H 0, CO and CO up to a temperature of 540' F .  
below this liiiiit it was necessary to water 
were mounted. 
2 2 
Data for the fundamental band of CO at temperatures of 300' K and 1800° K 
and at pressures from 0.25 to 3.0 atmospheres obtained with this system were 
reported in reference 1. Although agreement with existing results was with- 
in 15 percent, the substantial temperature variation along the test optical 
path caused by the water-cooling of the windows made the comparison open to 
some question. Because of this the water-cooled window holders were replaced 
with alumina tubes and sapphire used for the windows in place of zinc 
selenide. 
Spectral absorption measurements of CO up to 1200' K were made with 
these modifications. The pressure was varied from 0.5 to 3 atmospheres 
and the optical path length from 5 to 20 centimeters. Spectral and total 
band absorptivities determined from these measurements were presented in 
2 the last quarterly progress report. 
At temperatures above 1200' K, the glass frit used to mount the 
sapphire windows in the alumina tubes weakened and permitted gas leakage 
to occur. Nitrogen-cooled stainless steel window holders were therefore 
fabricated. Sapphire windows were held in these by means of inside threads 
and a ring-shaped nut. Sealing of the windows in the holders was accom- 
plished with a platinum O-ring. 
* . 
3 
SPECTRAL ABSORPTIVITY DATA FOR CO AT 1500' K 
S p e c t r a l  abso rp t ion  measurements of t h e  CO fundamental  band a t  1 5 0 0 ' K  
have been ob ta ined  w i t h  t h e  new s t a i n l e s s  steel window h o l d e r s .  The p r e s s u r e  
was v a r i e d  from 0.5 t o  3 atmospheres and t h e  o p t i c a l  p a t h  l e n g t h  f r o m  5 t o  20 
cent imeters :  t h e  r e s u l t s  f o r  p a t h  l e n g t h s  of 5 and 10 cen t ime te r s  a r e  pre-  
s en ted  i n  F igu res  1 and 2. For comparison w i t h  p r i o r  d a t a  f o r  10 c e n t i -  
meters and a tempera ture  of 1200' K is  inc luded  i n  F i g u r e  3. 
I n  o r d e r  t o  a s s e s s  t h e  amount of tempera ture  v a r i a t i o n  a long  t h e  test 
p a t h  a thermocouple was mounted a t  t h e  end of one of t h e  s t a i n l e s s  steel 
h o l d e r s .  Its l o c a t i o n  was approximately 1.5 cen t ime te r s  closer than  t h e  
s a p p h i r e  window t o  the c e n t e r  of t h e  fu rnace .  The r ead ing  of t h i s  thermo- 
couple  was about 5 p e r  c e n t  lower than  t h e  tempera ture  a t  t h e  center of t h e  
fu rnace  a s  measured wi th  an o p t i c a l  pyrometer.  I n  o r d e r  t o  o b t a i n  an 
average  tempera ture  of 1500' K t h e  d a t a  w e r e  t h e r e f o r e  taken  wi th  t h e  
c e n t e r  tempera ture  h e l d  about 5 p e r  cen t  above 1500' K. 
A s  the tempera ture  i s  increased  t h e  changes t o  be expected a r e  a 
r educ t ion  i n  t h e  maximum a b s o r p t i v i t i e s  and a s h i f t i n g  of t h e  wave members 
a t  which t h e  maximums occur. I n  gene ra l  t h e  r e s u l t s  ob ta ined  bear  t h i s  
o u t .  However t h e  magnitudes of t h e  changes appear  t o  be dependent on t h e  
p r e s s u r e  l e v e l .  The p o s s i b i l i t y  of c o r r e l a t i n g  t h e s e  effects on a t o t a l  
band abso rp t ion  basis  is  being i n v e s t i g a t e d .  
. 
4 
PROJECI' SCHEDULE 
On t h e  b a s i s  of ope ra t ion  a t  an average temperature  of 1500' K it has  
been e s t ima ted  t h a t  t h e  s t a i n l e s s  steel ho lde r s  w i th  sapph i re  windows can 
I;e ..-- rl ..- L-  uJGu up LU an average temperature  of i800" I(. It  is t h e r e f o r e  planned 
t o  o b t a i n  fundamental  and f i r s t  over tone  s p e c t r a l  a b s o r p t i v i t y  measurements 
w i t h  CO a t  1800' K .  
measurement w i l l  be prepared .  T h i s  w i l l  i nc lude  c o r r e l a t i o n  of s p e c t r a l  
d a t a  a t  a f i x e d  temperature  and a method of c o r r e l a t i n g  t o t a l  band a b s o r t i v -  
i t y  w i t h  temperature .  
Upon completing t h i s  a r e p o r t  on a l l  CO s p e c t r a l  
REFERENCES 
1. W .  H .  G i e d t ,  C .  L .  T ien  and o t h e r s ,  "The Study of Base Heat ing by 
Rad ia t ion  from Exhaust Gases," F i n a l  Repor t ,  Cont rac t  N o .  NAS 8-850, 
NASA, I n s t i t u t e  of Engineering Research, Un ive r s i ty  of C a l i f o r n i a ,  
Berke ley ,  C a l i f o r n i a  (1964). 
2. M. M. Abu-Romia, L .  S. Wang, W .  H .  G i e d t ,  and C .  L .  T i e n ,  " In f r a red  
Rad ia t ion  Measurements of Combustion Gases," Th i rd  Quar t e r ly  P rogres s  
Repor t ,  Cont rac t  N o .  NAS 8-850, NASA, I n s t i t u t e  of Engineer ing Research,  
Un ive r s i ty  of C a l i f o r n i a ,  Berkeley,  C a l i f o r n i a ,  A p r i l ,  1965. 
r 
0.4 
0.2 
0. 
I -  
- 
I 
- 
b a 
r n  a 
8 
CO FUNDAMENTAL 
i 5 0 O Q K  
PATH LENGTH 5 CM 
WAVE NUMBER, CM-' 
, -  
I :  
I FIG. I SPECTRAL ABSORPTIVITY OF FUNDAMENTAL 
BAND OF CO GAS AT TEMPERATURE 1500 O K  
AND AT PATH LENGTH 5 CM 
. .  
1.0 
0.8 
> 
I- 
> 
I- 
0 
v) 
m 
 
- 
e 0-6 
a 
0-4 
0.2 
0 
ca FUNDAMENTAL 
1500°K 
PATH LENGTH 10CM 
- 
- 
- 
- 
I I 0 
FIG. 2 SPECTRAL ABSORPTIVITY OF FUNDAMENTAL 
BAND OF CO G A S  AT TEMPERATURE 1500°K 
AND AT PATH LENGTH I O  CM 
c 
C O  FUNDAMENTAL 
1200 O K  
PATH LENGTH 10CM 
'-O t 
WAVE NUMBER CM-' 
FIG. 3 SPECTRAL ABSORPTIVITY OF FUNDAMENTAL 
BAND OF CO GAS AT TEMPERATURE 1200OK 
AND AT PATH LENGTH I O  CM 


Infrared radiation measurements of combustion gases Fourth quarterly progress report, Apr. 1 - Jun. 30, 1965

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

NASA Technical Reports Server