Space probe charged particle data evidence for moon crossing of Earth magnetospheric tai

Bezrukikh, V. V.

Gringauz, K. I.

Khokhlov, M. Z.

Musatov, L. S.

Remizov, A. P.

English

NASA Technical Reports Server

i p l ( l b  
Gc:ddar.d Space F1 ight Center 
C o n t r a c t  No.NAS-5-12487 
ST- PF- LPS- 10 529 
6G 
I 
S IG;.r'S OF CKOSS I :dG RY rHE > i d ) ? l  OF ':"E LiRT11 ' S  :4,4\CXTGSPtIERE 
TATI. t'.C('Ol~DIXC TU DATA OF CHARGED PARTICLE TRAPS O?! 
TiiE FIRST ARTTFICIAL SATELLITE OF THE MOON 
( L U N A - I ~ )  
GPO PRICE $ 
bY CFSTl PRICE(S) $ 
li. I. Gringauz 
V. V. Uezruki kh 
N. Z. Khokhlov 
L. s. Musatov 
A. P. Remizcsv 
i- @ Hac . a P Y  (HC) 
Microfiche (M F) ,579 
(USSR) ff 653 July 85 
2 7  O C T O a E R  1966 
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19670002922 2020-03-16T16:56:34+00:00Z
8 
ST - PF - LPS - 10 529 
SIGNS OF CROSSIhY; BY THE MOON OF THE EARTH’S MAGNETOSPHERE 
TAIL ACCORDINC TO DATA OF CHARGED PARTICLE TRAPS ON 
THE FIRST ARrIFICIAL SATELLITE OF THE MOON 
(LUNA-IO)  
Doklady A.N. SSSR 
Geof i z i  ka 
Tom 170, N o . 3 ,  5 7 0 - 3 ,  
I zda te l ’ s tvo  ooNAUKAoo,  1966 
SUMMARY 
by K. 1.Gringauz 
V . V .  Bezrukikh 
M. 2.Khokhlov 
L.S. Musatov 
A. P. Remizov 
/” 
The r e s u l t s  presented i n  t h i s  paper a r e  based only upon the  prel iminary 
da t a ,  conducted with the  F i r s t  two traps. Even these  stem from s.ti11 u n f i n i -  
shed measurements. 
The main conclusions der ived  a re  evidence t h a t  dur ing  the  experiments 
t he  Moon, a longs ide  wit-h i t s  s a t e l l i t e ,  emerged from t h e  t a i l  of t h e  Earth’s 
magnetosphere i n  which t h e r e  a r e  e l e c t r o n  f l u x e s  with E ,  >70 ev, and then, as 
the  May fullmoon approached, entered t h a t  t a i l  again.  Therefore ,  t h e  d i s t a n c e  
from the  Earth i n  the  a n t i s o l a r  d i r e c t i o n ,  over  which s i g n s  of magnetosphere 
e x i s t e n c e  a r e  observed on t h e  bas i s  of measurements considered,  increases  from 
-200000 km, accord ing  t o  da t a  f rom IMP-1, t o  -380000km according t o  ddta  
frorii LUNA-10. 
t 
* * 
Space probe LUNA-IO was launched on 31 March 1966 and placed i n t o  a n  
o r b i t  around the  Moon on 3 A p r i l  1066, having thus  become the  f i r s t  a r t i f i -  
c i a l  s a t e l l i t e  of the  Moon. Alongside with o t h e r  s c i e n t i f i c  devices ,  four  
charged o a r t i c l e  t r p p s  were i n s t a l l e d  on board LUNA-10, d isposed as indice-  
t ed  by (n) i n  F i g .  1. 
r e g i s t e r i n g  aggrega te  f l u x e s  of e l e c t r o n s  wi th  ener- 
g i e s  > E e  - 70 ev and of p o s i t i v e  ions with ene rg ie s  
’ E p .  The quan t i ty  Ep was determined by the  vol tage  
on t h e  second g r i d  of the  t r ap ,  which v a r i e s  once i n  
2 min. from 0 t o  50v. Accordingly va r i ed  a l s o  the  
q u a n t i t y  Ep from the  value determined by the  poten- 
t i a l  of the  s a t e l l i t e  qai t o  -50ev .  The angle  be t -  
ween t h e  normals t o  t r a p  c o l l e c t o r s  c o n s t i t u t e d  15@. Fig.  1 
Among them were two plane four -e lec t rode  t r a p s  
- 
* PR IZI4AKI PERESECHENIYA 1.UNOy KHVOTA llACNITOSFERY ZEbU.1 Pi3 3iiU’iG% ZC?L’SSEK 
ZARYALHENNYKH CHASTITS NA PERVOM ISKUSSTENNOPl SPUTNIKE LUNY 
2. . 
These t r a p s  were a modi f ica t ion  of those  u t i l i z e d  f o r  t h e  r e g i s t r a t i o n  
of s o f t  electrons of t he  near-ground space and s o l a r  plasma f l u x e s  in t h e  
i n t e r p l a n e t a r y  space on t h e  f i r s t  lunar  rocke t s  i n  1959 [l].  
The t h i r d  t r a p ,  of t he  modulation type,  was des t ined  f o r  low-energy PO- 
s i t i v e  ions;  t h e  f o u r t h  t r a p  r e g i s t e r e d  t h e  aggregate  current induced by elec- 
t r o n s  and p o s i t i v e  ions i n  the cases when t h i s  cu r ren t  was negat ive ;  r e g i s -  
t e r e d  i n  i t  were e l e c t r o n s  of a l l  energ ies  f o r  q d > O  and wi th  e n e r g i e s  
E a l%l a t  9 s  < O ;  pos i t i ve  ions with e n e r g i e s  - 2 0 e v  could h i t  t he  t r a p ' s  
c o l l e c t o r .  
In  the  present  communication we u t i l i z e d  only t h e  d a t a  of pre l iminary  
measurements, conducted w t h  the help of t h e  first two t raps .  
t i c u l a r y  by the  magnetic measurements of N. F. Ness, c a r r i e d  out  i n  1963-64 
on the  s a t e l l i t e  141P-1 ( 2 1 ,  ''le region of the  r egu la r  geomagnetic f i e l d  
(magnetosphere) is extremd * e 'mga ted  i n  the  a n t i s o l a r  d i r e c t i o h  as a r e s u l t  
of i n t e r a c t i o n  of s o l a r  p l .  Fluxes ( s o l a r  wind) wi th  t h e  geomagnetic 
d ipo le .  Measrrements 3y h,. have shown t h a t  t he  elongated i n  the  a n t i s o l a r  
d i r e c t i o n  p a r t  of the mgnetosphere  magnetosphere t a i l t t )  s t r e t c h e s  i n  any 
case t o  d i s t a n c e s  of 
Despi te  the  fac t  t h a t  var ious  au thors  ventured d i f f e r e n t  assumptions about 
t h e  ex tens ion  of t h e  magnetosphere t a i l  
i t  a t t a i n s  s e v e r a l  t ens  of astronomical  u n i t s  [3] 1, d i r e c t  experiments,  
g iv ing  demonstrat ion of t he  ex i s t ence  of magnetosphere t a i l  exceeding 30RE 
i n  length ,  have to-da te  been absent .  
f i e l d  i n  the  r eg ion  being the  ex tens ion  of t h e  ea r l i e r  inves t iga t ed  p a r t  of 
t h e  magnetosphere t a i l ,  but a l s o  meastirements of charged p a r t i c l e  f l uxes  i n  
t h a t  reg  ion. 
There must ex i s t  i n  the  magnetosphere t a i l  f l uxes  of plasma. Indeed, 
t h e  conf igu ra t ion  of t he  magnetic f i e l d  i n  the  t a i l  is e n t i r e l y  d i f f e r e n t  from 
t h e  d i p o l e  f i e l d ,  and i t  may be induced only by a system of c u r r e n t s  f o r  t he  
existence of which t h e  presence of c5rrged p a r t i c l e s  is p r e r e q u i s i t e .  Only 
owing t o  plasma f l u x  can t h i s  re;:'on oG t h e  magnetosphere be s teady;  note ,  as 
w a s  shown by Ness 
E, '200 ev, measured near  t he  E a r t h  on LUNA-2 [ l ] ,  agree  wi th  the  da t a  of 
measurements on IMP-1. However, the unperturbed s o l a r  wind cannot pene t r a t e  
i n s i d e  the  magnetosphere; on the  o the r  hand, one of its p e c u l i a r i t i e s  c o n s i s t s  
in t h a t  e l e c t r o n s  with ene rg ie s  exceeding 20-30 ev are p r a c t i c a l l y  absent  i n  
it. Consequently, i n  t he  unperturbed i n t e r p l a n e t a r y  space the  t r a p s ,  i n  which 
eiectrons Uith eiiei-gies ?Z e;* decelerate 9 mist - not - r e g i s t e r  e l e c t r o n  f luxes .  
A t  t h e  same t i m e ,  one may expect  t h a t  f l u x e s  of e l e c t r o n s  wi th  E, >70ev  do 
exist i n  t h e  magnetosphere t a i l ,  and thus  m y  be r e g i s t e r e d  by such t r aps .  
Th i s  may be u t i l i z e d  t o  determine, according t o  d a t a  of t r a p s ,  where the  
space  probe is l o  ca ted  , i n  t h e  Earth 's  magnetosphere o r  beyond i t .  
LUNA-10 was launched on 31 March 1966, per iod c lose  t o  fullmoon. We 
have schemat ica l ly  ind ica ted  i n  Fig.  2 t h e  p r o j e c t i o n  of its t r a j e c t o r y  i n  
t h e  e c l i p t i c  
As was shown by a s e r e e s  of measurements during the  l a s t  years ,  and par- 
3 0 R ~  from t h e  Ear th  (RE being the  Ear th ' s  r ad ius ) .  
( including the  assumptions,  whereby 
Such experiments may be not only d i rec t :  tneasurements of t h e  magnetic 
9 
[Z 1, t h a t  the values  of e l e c t r o n  f luxes  with ene rg ie s  
plane,  and a l s o  t h e  boundaries of t h e  magnetosphere a f t e r  Ness; 
. 
LI of 5 A p r i l  - a v e r  the  
per iod  c l o s e  t o  fullmoon 
a f t e r  t he  Moon has comple 
a f u l l  convolu t ion  around 
near - lunar  o r b i t  i n  a do- 
t 
b*- , j t r -  
3 .  
. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  0 0  0 0 0 0  - . 
0 00  
0 0 ~ 0 0 0 0 0 0  a*. 
0. 
0 -  L . . t ....*. . O * .  8.0 ." .0e . . 0. 0 0 8 . 
0 .  0 . 0 0 .  t h e  Earth.  The s c a t t e r i n g  0 .  0 .  - 2 . q  O 5l713662 * *  4-5Y1966t. 
L 
. 
81p1!?6SZ. 8JY18668.. 
04'55"- 05 "s 2" 0 0 ' 3 ~ ~  e ; " d  
of 9 A p r i l  shown i n  F i g .  4, 
t he  rise a t t a i n s  one o rde r  of 
magni tude . 
4. 
t u  1p 1aut 8 4  
I I U  v Y \/to - f I 5 7  
.,,I 
tally no negat ive  c u r r e n t s  indu.. \ a.rjt 
ced by e l e c t r o n s  wi th  E > 70ev  * - J l o r y  a re  r e g i s t e r e d  i n  t h e  t r a p s  under 
d'j 
unperturbed s o l a r  wind. However, 
i n  the t r a p s  o r i en ted  i n  the  ~:0:~..,80,~ :o 
As a l r eady  noted, p r a c t i -  5 I: 
cons idera t ion ,  as  must be i n  t h e  z.iOr0L I 
. 
Related t o  the  second group are the measurement s e s s i o n s  conducted when 
I t he  Moon ( a n d  consequently a l s o  its s a t e l l i t e )  were knowingly beyond t h e  
Ear th ' s  magnetosphere ( clear  r ec t ang le s  of Fig. 2 ) .  The p o s i t i v e  cu r ren t s ,  
r e g i s t e r e d  dur ing  these  se s s ions  by t h e  t r a p s ,  rise by comparison wi th  the  
s e s s i o n s  of the  f i rs t  group, 
whereupon i n  c e r t a i n  cases ,  
. . 
. 
O b  
,~o.~ooo.o,o~.:, .*.. 
o o o b : o o * . ~  0 0 
0 8 . 
5.  
1. 
2. 
3. 
R E F E R E N C E S  
K .  I .  GRINGAUZ, V .  V .  BEZRUKIKH ET AI. 
N .  F. NESS. J.  CeOphyS. Res., 70, 2989, 1965, 
A. J. DESSLER. - J .  Geophys. Res., 69, 3913, 1964. 
Dokl.ANSSSR, 131,6, 1301, 1960. -
C o n t r a c t  No .NAS- 5 -  12487 
VOLT TECHNICAL CORPORATION 
1145 19th st.NW on 27 October 1966 
WASHINGTOE:, D.C. 20036. Tel:??3-6700 
Trans l a  t e d  by ANDRE L . BR I CHANT 
D I S T I i  I B [ T I O  pu' 
same a s  ST-LPS-PP- 10526and 528 


Signs of crossing by the moon of the earth's magnetosphere tail according to data of charged particle traps on the first artificial satellite of the moon /Luna-10/

Signs of crossing by the moon of the earth's magnetosphere tail according to data of charged particle traps on the first artificial satellite of the moon /Luna-10/

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