Relationship of sporadic radio emission and geomagnetic disturbances established by Elektron satellite

Benediktov, E. A.

English

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Goddard Space Flight Center 
Contract No.NAS-5-12487 
ST --PR -GM -10801 
ON RELATIONSHIP OF SPORADIC RADIO EMISSION REGISTERED ON 
SATELLITES OF THE "ELEKTRON" SERIES WITH THE 
GEOMAGNETIC ACTIVITY 
by 
E.A. Benediktbv 
G.G. Getmantsev 
N.A. Mityakov 
V.A. Rapoport & 
A.F. TarasoJ 
(USSR) 
2 2  JANUARY 1969 
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19690006158 2020-03-12T08:22:00+00:00Z
- ST-PF-GM-10801 
ON RELATIONSHIP OF SPORADIC RADIO EMISSION REGISTERED ON 
SATELLITES OF THE "ELEKTRON" SERIES WITH THE 
GEOMAGNETIC ACTIVITY 
J 
* 
Kosmicheskiye Issledovaniya 
Tom 6, No.6, 946-949, 
Izdatel'stvo "NAUKA", 1968 
by E. A. Benediktov, G. G. Getmantsev 
N. A. Mityakov, V. 0. Rapoport & 
A. F. Tarasov 
SUMMARY 
The relationship between the sporadic radio emis- 
sion and the geomagnetic disturbances is established as 
a function of the disposition of orbits of AES Elektron-2 
and Elektron-4 
* 
* *  tP 
A special apparatus was installed on AES "ELEKTRON-2" and "ELEKTRON-4'' 
with the view of recording cosmic radio emission in the 0.725 - 2.3 Mc fre- 
quency band [l]. It was noted in the latter work that, besides cosmic radio 
emission, sporadic radio emission was also registered at heights above 10,000 
km, with intensity considerably exceeding that of the cosmic background (the 
plasma resonances, resulting in lower altitudes in a substantial variation of 
receiving antenna impedance and in the increase of the received signal, were 
not considered in this work). Characteristic examples of sporadic radio emis- 
sion registration in the frequency of 1.1 Mc are shown in Fig.1 for the case of 
ELEKTRON-4. 
According to external signs, this radio emission can be practically and 
conditionally broken down into three types: rejection of separate points (let 
us recall that the taking down of information from ELEKTRON-2 and -4 was con- 
ducted in the course of 1 sec for every two-minute interval) (Fig.l,a); smooth 
rise of radio emission with subsequent smooth descent (Fig.l,b); periodic in- 
tensity variations, whose periods are determined by sa2ellite spin (Fig.1,~). 
The cosmic radio emission background was registered simultaneously in two fre- 
quencies: 0.725 and 1.1 Mc on Elektron-2 and on 1.1 and 2.3 Mc/s on Elektron-4. 
The sporadic radio emission of the types indicated is present in all frequencies; 
however, no notable correlation between events in different frequencies were ob- 
served. It should be noted that at 1.1. Mc, sporadic radio emission was regis- 
tered several times with slow ascent and sharp drop (Fig.l,d), which was not 
noted in other frequencies. 
* 0 SVYAZI SPORADICHESKOGO RADIOIZLUCHENIYA, ZAREGISTRIROVANNOGO NA SPUT- 
N I W H  "ELEKTRON", S GEOMAGNITNOY AKTIVNOST'YU. 
2 
A s  a l r eady  pointed ou t  i n  [I], t h e  spo rad ic  r a d i o  emission i n  t h e  frequen- 
cies of 0.725 and 1.1 Mc/s has  a c h a r a c t e r i s t i c  l a t i t u d e  course  wi th  minimum 
on t h e  geomagnetic equator .  Besides ,  a l i n k  between t h e  spo rad ic  r.-e a d t h e  
f l u x e s  of s o f t  e l e c t r o n s  (E > 100 kev) w a s  revealed.  A subsequent a n a l y s i s  of 
t h e  r e s u l t s  of measurements on AES Elektron-4 has  ind ica t ed  t h e  absence of clear 
dependence of spo rad ic  r.e. i n t e n s i t y  on l a t i t u d e .  The la t ter ' s  dependence on 
t h e  f l u x e s  of s o f t  e l e c t r o n s  has  a q u a l i t a t i v e l y  d i f f e r e n t  c h a r a c t e r  as compared 
wi th  t h e  analogous dependence f o r  AES Elektron-2. 
Such a d i s t i n c t i o n  i n  t h e  behavior of spo rad ic  r.e. may be  caused by t h e  
s u b s t a n t i a l l y  d i f f e r e n t  o r i e n t a t i o n  of Elektron-2 and -4 r e l a r i v e  t o  magnetosphe- 
re t a i l .  I n  t h i s  connect ion i t  appears  t o  be  appropr i a t e  t o  conduct a compari- 
son of spo rad ic  r.e. w i t h  t h e  geomagnetic a c t i v i t y .  
1.1 M c  and of t h e  p l a n e t a r y  index of geomagnetic a c t i v i t y ,  Kp, are p l o t t e d  i n  
Fig.2,  where t h e  aggrega te  i n t e n s i t i e s  of sporadic  r.e. CI are p l o t t e d  i n  rela- 
t i v e  u n i t s  i n  o r d i n a t e s  f o r  ha l f  of t h e  AES r o t a t i o n  per iod  of t h e  AES around 
t h e  Ea r th  (T/2 I 11 h r s ) ,  a longs ide  wi th  t h e  three-hourly va lues  of Kp. The 
averaging t i m e  of r.e. i n t e n s i t y  assumed he re ,  and equal  t o  11 hours ,  i s  no t  
t oo  high,  on t h e  one hand, inasmuch as t h e  c h a r a c t e r i s t i c  v a r i a t i o n s  of C I  and Kp 
have a d u r a t i o n  of no less than  2 - 3 days.  On t h e  o t h e r  hand, i t  is not  too  
small, f o r  t h e  averaging of r.e. i n t e r l s i t y  f o r  ha l f  a r e v o l u t i o n  around t h e  
Ear th  a l lows  u s  t o  compare t h e s e  d a t a  p r e c i s e l y  w i t h  t h e  p l ane ta ry  index Kp, 
t h a t  c h a r a c t e r i z e s  t h e  g loba l  s ta te  of geomagnetic a c t i v i t y .  
between t h e  curves  f o r  XI and Kp is s i g n i f i c a n t l y  h igher  f o r  Elektron-4 than  f o r  
Elektron-2 's  measurements. The c a l c u l a t i o n  of t h e  c o r r e l a t i o n  f a c t o r  has  shown 
indeed t h a t  i f  f o r  Elektron-2 (observa t ions  from February t o  A p r i l  1964) i t  is  
0.2, f o r  Elektron-4,  whose observa t ion  per iod  runs  from J u l y  t o  November 1964, 
t h e  c o r r e l a t i o n  f a c t o r  a l r e a d y  is 0.6. 
c o r r e l a t i o n  between C I  and Kp f o r  t h e  two satel l i tes  may be p a r t l y  r e l a t e d  wi th  
t h e  d i f f e r e n c e  i n  f r equenc ie s  of r e g i s t a r t i o n  of spo rad ic  r.e (0,725 and 1.1 M c ) .  
A t  t h e  same t i m e ,  according t o  au tho r s '  opinion,  t h i s  d i s t i n c t i o n  i s  determined 
mainly by t h e  d i f f e r e n c e  i n  s p a t i a l  (with r e s p e c t  t o  t h e  Sun) o r b i t  d i s p o s i t i o n  
of both satel l i tes  (Fig .3) .  For AES Elektron-2 t h e  o r b i t  is most ly  disposed on 
t h e  n i g h t  s i d e  of t h e  Ear th ,  wh i l e  t h a t  of Elektron-4 l i e s  on t h e  daytime s i d e .  
Schematical ly  represented  i n  F ig .3  i s  a l s o  t h e  s t r u c t u r e  of t h e  E a r t h ' s  magneto- 
sphere  (see [ 2 ] ) .  
charged p a r t i c l e s ,  t h e  d i f f e r e n c e  i n  t h e  magnetosphere s t r u c t u r e  on t h e  daytime 
and n ight t ime s i d e s  of t h e  Ear th  must r e s u l t  i n  a d i f f e r e n c e  i n  t h e  charac te r -  
ist ics of spo rad ic  r.e. observed on Elektron-2 and -4. Note a l s o  t h a t  t h e  con- 
d i t i o n s  of spo rad ic  r.e. gene ra t ion  may s u b s t a n t i a l l y  d i f f e r  as a consequence of 
d i f f e r e n t  d i s t r i b u t i o n  of e l e c t r o n  concen t r a t ion  wi th  he ight  a t  day and night-  
t i m e  . 
magnetic d i s tu rbances  and i t s  dependence on satell i te o r b i t  p o s i t i o n  i n  t h e  E a r t h ' s  
magnetosphere, may be considered as e s t a b l i s h e d .  
however, t h a t  t h e  d e t a i l s  c h a r a c t e r i z i n g  t h e  phys ica l  p a t t e r n  of t h e  ind ica t ed  
phenomenon, are s t i l l  unc lea r  and r e q u i r e  f u r t h e r  s tudy.  
T i m e  dependences of spo rad ic  r.e. i n t e n s i t y  i n  t h e  f requencies  of 0.725 and 
From t h e  comparison of graphs of Fig.2,  one may see t h a t  t h e  c o r r e l a t i o n  
The noted divergence i n  t h e  degree of 
I f  w e  cons ider  t h a t  t h e  spo rad ic  r a d i o  emission i s  induced by f l u x e s  of fas t  
Therefore ,  t h e  r e l a t i o n s h i p  between t h e  spo rad ic  r a d i o  emission and t h e  geo- 
W e  must unde r l ine  t h e  f ac t ,  
(.. Follow F igs  and References) 
3 
3 -  
2 -  
9 -  
8 -  
7 -  
6 -  . 
J-  
4 -  
3 -  
t -  
a .. 
e. . . . .  .a** .. * . . .  S'qp "*. =. . . .. . : =  .* 0.- e:. ..... .. .*:.* 49 :*. c -e:.. *e-, . 0 .e ".. 
6 .  .. 06. X . 6t .. . . .  * -  .. .. ........ 
*.: -':.:@. .... * : .  * . . ' 
e . .  3 3  ': ":: 
0 .  
9.8 .... .czr.'*. . .  . . . . .  
*. *. '.. - I I I .. 
I 
.. .". . .  ...... .. .-. . . *.:. . 
- 0 -  .... .. ... . ". 
.. .. . .. . .C ". 
0 
Fig. 1 
Various types of radio emissions, registered on AES 
"Elektron-4 i n  the frequency of 1.1 Mc 
The cal ibration points  are outlined by c i r c l e s  
b 
C 
d 
4 
March 
r 
Fig .2 .  Intens i ty  variat ions of sporadic r.e.  a t  0.725 and 1.1.Mc 
- and of Kp-index 
Bow Shock Wave 
Fig.  3 
Sketch showing the orbit 
pos i t ion  of AES Elektron 
Elektron-4 
- /  
so 
d i s -  
.-2 and 
5 
ST -PR- GM- 10801 
R E F E R E N C E S  
1. E. A. BENEDIKTOV, G. G. GETMANTSEV, N. A .  MITYAKOV, V. 0. RAPOPORT, 
YU. A. SAZONOV, A. F. TARASOV. Sb'Issledovaniya Kosmicheskogo Ptostr." 
(Space Investigations). Iz. "NAUKA", 1. 1965. 
2. B. J.  O'BRIEN. Interrelations of Eenergetic Charged Particles in the 
Magnetosphere. - Inter-Uniom Symp. on Solar-Terr. Physics, 
Belgrade, August-September 1966. 
CONTRACT No.NAS-5-12487 
VOLT INFORMATION SCIENCES, INC. 
1145- 19th St.NW 
WASHINGTON D.C. 20036. 
Telephone: (202)- 223-6700 (X-36) 
Translated by ANDRE L. BRICHANT 
on 22 January 1969 


On relationship of sporadic radio emission registered on satellites of the ''Elektron'' series with the geomagnetic activity

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