ORGANIZATIONAL STRESS

Abstract

Suvremena psihologija organizacije često za predmet svog interesa ima problem stresa u organizaciji i radnoj sredini. U pitanju je sveprisutan fenomen s kojim se sreću sve profesije, pri čemu su neke više, a neke manje izložene njegovim pogubnim utjecajima. Stres i naprezanje na radu proizlaze kod nekih profesija iz gotovo svakog aspekta posla. Ipak, stres se najčešće vezuje za problematiku konflikata. Značaj proučavanja stresa se posebno aktualizira u situacijama socijalne i ekonomske krize karakteristične za suvremeno doba i naše okruženje. Ovaj rad je pokušaj teorijskog tumačenja stresa na radu kroz identifikaciju i sistematizaciju izvora stresa, kao i pokušaj da se opiše dalekosežnost i složenost posljedica koje stres ostavlja kako na ličnost, tako i na organizaciju. Također, ideja je i da se ukaže na postupke kojima je moguće upravljati stresom, bilo preuzimanjem odgovarajućih organizacijskih mjera, ili postupcima i tehnikama za individualno prevladavanje stresa. Naime, polazi se od pretpostavke da izvore stresa na radu treba tražiti kako u samoj organizaciji, odnosno u prirodi posla, ulozi u organizaciji, stupnju odgovornosti, odnosima na radu, kretanjima i psihološkoj klimi na poslu, tako i van nje (u obitelji, životnim teškoćama, osobnim konfliktima). Posljedice stresa promatraju se kako na razini fizioloških i psiholoških smetnji, tako i na razini organizacijskih problema. Na kraju, ističu se s jedne strane, značaj adekvatne profesionalne selekcije, adekvatna obuka i odgovarajuća organizacijska kultura kao mjere prevencije stresa koja zavise od organizacije, i tehnike osobne zaštite i ublažavanja, kao i oporavka od stresnih utjecaja, sa druge strane.Contemporary organizational psychology very often lakes problem of organizational stress as one of its subjects. It is a phenomenon with which almost every profession must deals, but some of them are more exposed to its jeopardizing influences. For some professions stress is part of almost every work aspect. Nevertheless, it is usual to connect stress with the problem of conflicts. The importance of studying stress is especially actualized in situations of social and economics crisis that are characteristic for modem age and our environment. This paperwork is an attempt to give a theoretical explanation of work stress through identification and systematization of sources of stressias it is an attempt to describe far-reaching and complexity of its consequences on person and organization. Also, there is an idea to show methods that can be sued for managing stress, through organizational measures, or through techniques for individual coping with stress. We started from the hypothesis that it is possible to look for sources of organizational stress in organization itself, connected with the nature of work, organizational role that one has, in the degree of his responsibility, work relations, dynamics and psychological climate in organization, and if factors outside the organization (in family, life difficulties, personal conflicts). The consequences of stress can be seen on the level of physiological and psychological interruptions, and on the level of organizational problems. Consequently, on one side the importance of adequate professional selection and education, and adequate organizational culture is seen as important measure for stress prevention, and there us an emphasizing of personal techniques for protecting, mitigation and recovering of the stress, on the other side