Perbedaan Pengaruh Premedikasi Berbagai Dosis Klonidin Terhadap Respon Kardiovaskuler Pada Laringoskopi Dan Intubasi Endotrakhea

Abstract

Background: Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation are mostly done in general anesthesia. Both of these often lead to sympathetic reflex and excessive simpatoadrenal the hemodynamic and cardiovascular response, including the increase in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, oxigen demand on the heart muscle, the amount of catecholamines in the circulation blood vessel, tachycardia, and dysrhythmias. Clonidine is known as an antihypertensive drug that was used in reducing cardiovascular responses due to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.Aim: Proved the existence of differences in the influence of various doses of clonidine premedication on cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.Method: A retrospective observational study with cross sectional design. Data derived from secondary data with a sample of 72 patients. Patients who had inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized in to 3 groups. Group I was given Clonidine 1μg/kg, Group II was given Clonidine 2μg/kg, and Group III was given Clonidine 3μg/k intravenously. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th minutes after intubation. Data analysis using statistic analysis program for computer.Result: There were significant differences (p<0,05) in reducing systolic blood pressure, and arteri mean pressure between 3 groups that were given clonidine 1μg/kg, 2μg/kg, 3μg/kg in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th minutes after intubation. The significant differences (p<0,05) on diastolic blood pressure was found only in the 3rd and 5th minute. Whereas, in the heart rate showed the significant differences only in the 1st, and 3rd minute.Conclusion: There are differences in response of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, arteri mean pressure, and the similarities in heart rate between 1μg/kg, 2μg/kg, 3μg/kg clonidine administration at laryngoscopy and endotraheal intubation.Key Words Clonidine, laryngoscopy, intubation endotrakhea, cardiovascular responses