Refluks Gastroesofageal Pada Anak

Abstract

This  article  discusses  Gastroesophageal  Reflux  (GER),  an  entry  of  gastric  content  into esophagus with more than once regurgitation a day, which often happens to a four-month-old child. The main cause of GER is the imperfection of both the tonus muscle of the lower esophageal sphincter and the length of esophagus.  The  diagnosis  of  GER  can  be  made  by  clinical  examinations  as  well  as  laboratory  and radiology  tests,  which  may  result  in  different  kinds  of  GER:  hiatus  hernia,  achalasia,  hypertrophy congenital  of  pyloric  stenosis,  duodenal  atresia,  meconium  ileus.  The  therapy  of  GER  can  be  a)  non-pharmacological, e.g. by raising the child’s head to be higher than its body position; no more feeding 2 hours before the child sleeps; avoiding food that can trigger GER; giving no milk by the child’s sleeping time; b) pharmacological, e.g. by giving antacid, prokinetic medicine, histamine receptor H2 antagonist, and inhibitor pump proton; and c) surgical, which should be the last choice. &nbsp