Hubungan Stimulasi Kognitif Dengan Prestasi Belajar Pada Anak Di Daerah Endemis Gaky

Abstract

Background: More than 1,9 billion people in the world which 285 million of them are children, have inadequate iodine intake including Indonesia. Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD) cause many negative impacts which can directly affect the national human and health development because of low quality human resources. Cognitive stimulation plays an unignorable role in child's cognitive growth and development.Objective: To analyze the association between cognitive stimulation and academic achievement in children on endemic IDD area.Methods: This was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design. Samples were elementary school children who live in IDD area in Sub Kertek, Wonosobo Regency, Central Java Province. The data are subjects characteristics, cognitive stimulation using Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment-Short Form (HOME-SF) scores and academic achievement using report cards. Chi-square test and multivariate ordinal logistic regression test were used for statistical analysis.Results: Seventy six elementary children aged 9-11 years consisting 46,1 % boys and 53,9% grls were enrolled in this study. Bivariate chi-square test showed significant association between cognitive stimulation and academic achievement in children on IDD area (p <0.001). Bivariate test between maternal academic education and child's academic achievement also showed a significant association (p = 0.014) but it was nonsignificant as tested together with cognitive stimulation using regression analysis (p = 0.058). Multivariate analysis ordinal logistic regression showed a consistent association between cognitive stimulation and academic achievement (p = 0.006) with an odd ratio value 4.37 and pseudo-R2 value 23%.Conclusion: There is an association between cognitive stimulation and academic achievement in children in endemic IDD area