Sub-ionospheric VLF/LF waveguide anomalies over Europe

Abstract

International audienceGround based long-term sub-ionospheric VLF/LF amplitude and phase measurements of propagation paths along spatially far away distributed transmitter and receiver facilities provide a powerful tool to characterize waveguide parameters and their variations under various endo-and exogenic dynamics. This monitoring service is usually one component of multi-parameter seismo-electromagnetic investigations. Figure 1 shows the dense web-like structure of the radio links with a focus on Europe, details and performance of the receiving facilities are given in [1, 2]