Multivariate characterization of phenotypic traits of arabia, the main algerian goat breed

Abstract

In Algeria, goats, in spite of their economic importance, are largely neglected. Goat management is traditional and indiscriminate cross-breeding is current. The phenotypic variability of the main breed, the Arabia (commonly called Arbia by breeders), was investigated for the first time, using multivariate discriminant analysis. The sampling was designed in order to take into account the three ecotypes encountered in the breeding area of the Arabia. A total of 558 females and 133 males were phenotyped in a large area including the cradle of the breed, with 23 quantitative measures and 10 qualitative traits. This study defined finely the breed phenotypically. The informations reported in this study are the first step of the conservation and selection programs for this breed showing an untapped potential with a live weight of 36.6 ± 0.3 kg (fem.) and 47.0 ± 0.9 kg (males) and a withers height of 70.3 ± 0.2 cm (fem.) and 75.1 ± 0.5 cm (males) for example. The Compact Index indicated that Arabia was more suited for meat production and the Foreleg Length index indicated animals with relatively long legs, and hence more adapted to plains and long treks. Our results suggest a large intra breed phenotypic homogeneity in spite of the diversity of the production environments, probably induced by economical exchanges. They are in favor of poor intra-genetic variations for this breed, and indicate that measures have to be taken for the breed preservation