Harp, George L.

Marks, Mitchell K.

English

UARK (University of Arkansas )

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 43 Article 39 1989 Synopsis of the Laccophilinae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) of Arkansas Mitchell K. Marks George L. Harp Arkansas State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas  Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Marks, Mitchell K. and Harp, George L. (1989) "Synopsis of the Laccophilinae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) of Arkansas," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 43 , Article 39. Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol43/iss1/39 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu. 118Proceedings Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 43, 1989Arkansas Academy of ScienceFLORISTIC NOTES ON THE ARKANSAS CRUCIFERAE (BRASSICACEAE)The Cruciferae make up a distinctive group, generally easily recognized by the 4-merous perianth (4 sepals, 4 petals), six tetradynamous stamens(4 long, 2 short) and the 2-carpellate superior pistil that often dehisces so that the septum remains attached to the pedicel. The stamens are sometimesreduced to 4 or 2. The flowers and fruits are commonly arranged in a brae ties s raceme. The fruits may be short and broad (silicles) or long andnarrow (siliques), terete or flattened and with or withouta stipe orbeak. While the family is generally easily recognized, fruit characters are oftenrequired for determination of genera and species. Ihave worked up a key to the Cruciferae of Arkansas (available for a limited time from theauthor), including 64 taxa known for the state and 14 taxa reported or suspected for the state, and invite workers in the state and area to useand test the key. In working up the key, Inoted the following corrections to the second edition of my Atlas (Smith, E.B. 1988. An atlas andannotated list of the vascular plants of Arkansas. Kinko's, 653 West Dickson Street, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701): (1) The report of Cardamineflexuosa With, was based on material of Sibara virginica (L.)Rollins, and thus should be deleted from our flora. (2)The varieties of Descurainiapinnata (Walt.) Britt., whileappearing different in their extremes, intergrade in Arkansas to the extent that their recognition is probably not justifiable.Additions to the 78 taxa in the key for Arkansas, or suggestions on changes to improve the key would be welcome.EDWINB. SMITH, Dept. ofBotany and Microbiology, SE-401, University ofArkansas at Fayetteville, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701.REDISCOVERY OF HALESIA DIPTERA ELLIS (STYRACACEAE) INARKANSASHalesia diptera Ellis, commonly called Snowdrop-Tree or Two-Wing Silverbell is a large shrub or small tree with showy white flowersappearing in early spring before the leaves appear. Itis apparently limited to the Coastal Plain from South Carolina to northern Florida and westto east Texas (Little, USDA Misc. Pub. 1342, 1977). The Silverbell has been known from a single collection inArkansas (Prescott, September1887, G. W. Letterman s.n., ILL),presumably made in Nevada County (Tucker, G.E., A guide to the woody flora of Arkansas. Unpub. PhDDissertation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 356 pp. 1976.). That specimen has been verified by Tucker (Ark. Tech. Univ.). Because thespecies has not been found in Arkansas for the last century, it was excluded from the Arkansas flora (Smith, E.B., An atlas and annotated listof the vascular plants of Arkansas, 2nd Ed. Privately Published by Kinko Press, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 489 pp. 1988).In September 1983, Icollected this plant in southeastern Lafayette County. After identifying the plant as Halesia diptera. Iforgot about ituntil September of 1988 after a conversation withDr. Tucker. Isent the specimen to him and he agreed withmy identification. The plant specimenis on hand at Arkansas Tech. University herbarium and will be sent to the herbarium at the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville.RAYMONDG. ERICKSON, Soil Conservation Service, Lewisville, AR 71845.A SYNOPSIS OF THE LACCOPHILINAE (COLEOPTERA: DYTISCIDAE) OF ARKANSASDytiscidae, the predaceous diving beetles, is the largest family of aquatic Coleoptera. More than 400 species are estimated to occur in NorthAmerica (Michael and Matta, 1977). The subfamily Laccophilinae is represented in all major zoographical regions of the world, but only one ofits three genera, the cosmopolitan Laccophilus, occurs in Arkansas. This genus has been revised most recently by Zimmerman (1970). The purposesof this paper are to present the first statewide species list, to delineate geographic distributions, and to define preferred habitats for Arkansaslaccophiline species, insofar as present knowledge permits. These species may be identified by using Zimmerman's (1970) key to North Americanspecies. Field recognition is enhanced by their habit of springing actively about in the net. The information presented has been synthesizedprimarily from materials housed in the Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Collection of the Arkansas State University Museum of Zoology (ASUMZ).Additional sources include the museum collections at the University of Arkansas-Fayetteville and -Little Rock and published works.Laccophilus proximusproximus Say was reported as occurring in Arkansas by Zimmerman (1970). This subspecies is our most common form,having been collected in43 counties and all physiographic provinces (Fig. 1). Young (1954) described it as one of the principal pioneers of newlyformed ponds, puddles and other freshwater bodies. Most of the 1,135 specimens examined in this study were collected from lentic systems,including lakes, ponds, swamps, ditches and bogs; however, they were also found in creeks, rivers and springs. Individuals were collected duringeach month of the year. Guntharp and Harp's (1982) record for Laccophilus pictus and that of Harp and Harp (1980) for L. maculosus inCrittenden County are actually L.p. proximus.Laccophilus fasciatus rufus Melsheimer was reported from two Arkansas sites by Zimmerman (1970). Inthis study we report 445 individualsfrom 157 collections in40 counties (Fig. 2). Young (1954) found L.f. rufus most frequently in muddy or silty-bottomed temporary pools formedin roadside ditches or intermittent streams, all associated with well-drained soils. Zimmerman (1960) collected this subspecies from open, unshadedponds and roadside ditches in clay soils in the Midwest. We found L. f. rufus most commonly in creeks and bayous, but it was also found inponds, lakes, rivers, temporary pools, ditches, springs and rice fields. The occurrence of L.f.rufus in such a variety ofhabitats, in all physiographicprovinces, and in all months except December, suggests that it is broadly tolerant of diverse shallow water ecosystems.Laccophilus maculosus maculosus Say was first reported for Arkansas by Pippenger and Harp (1985). A total of 120 individuals was examinedfrom 42 collections in 11 counties (Fig. 3). Zimmerman (1970) listed the geographic range as extending north from near a line running from NEGeorgia to SW Nebraska. Previously, only single specimens from coastal South Carolina, SE Alabama and Dallas, Texas, were known to existsouth of this line. These occurrences were explained by noting that L.m. maculosus adults readily flyand can survive for brief periods in almostany aquatic ecosystem (Zimmerman, 1970). Allbut one of our records are from the Ozark Plateaus, but rather than reflecting water qualityrequirements, its state distribution is primarily a reflection of northern Arkansas being the southern limit of its range. Most collections of L. m.maculosus (63% of specimens) were from lakes and ponds, but some were occasionally found in creeks, rivers and springs. InArkansas this subspecieshas been found during each month except January and December.Laccophilus undatus Aube is newly reported for Arkansas, and this finding constitute^ a major range extension to the SW. A single specimenwas collected from a pool of the Saline River downstream of the St Hwy 24 bridge at the Howard-Sevier Co. line on 9 May 1982 (Fig. 3).Zimmerman (1970) reported the range ofthis species to extend fromBloomington, Indiana, N to Chicago and E to Washington, D.C. and Massachusetts.118Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 43 [1989], Art. 39Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1989Proceedings Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 43, 1989 119It was also noted that this species generally prefers shaded pools of the northeastern deciduous forests and that, in southern Indiana, ithas beentaken only from slightly acidic slough ponds in the drainage basins of intermittent streamsFigure 1.Laccophilus proximus proximus Figure 2. Laccophilus fasciatus rufusACKNOWLEDGMENTSFigure 3. Laccophilus maculosus maculosus ALaccophilus undatus xWe thank Harvey E. Barton (ASU Entomological Museum), Robert T. Allen (UA-Fayetteville Museum), and John Rickett(UA-Little Rock Entomological Museum) for providing study material. Paul Spangler (U.S. National Museum) provided voucherspecimens.GUNTHARP, G.R. and G.L. HARP. 1982. Aquatic macroinvertebratetaxa present in two Ozark springs in Randolph County, Arkan-sas. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 36:88-89.HARP, G.L. and P.A. HARP. 1980. Aquatic macroinvertebratesof Wapanocca National Wildlife Refuge. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci.34:115-117.HUGGINS, J.A. and G.L. HARP. 1983. Aquatic macroinvertebratesof the HiattPrairie region, Franklin County, Arkansas. Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 37:92-94.MICHAEL,A.C. and J.F. MATTA.1977. The Dytiscidae ofVirginia(Coleoptera: Adephaga) (Subfamilies: Laccophilinae, Colymbeti-nae, Dytiscinae, Hydaticinae and Cybistrinae). The insects ofVirginia:No. 12. Virginia Poly. Inst. State Univ. Res. Div.Bull.124. vi + 53 pp.PIPPENGER, M.A.and G.L. HARP. 1985. Dytiscidae from RandolphCounty, Arkansas. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 39:146-147.YOUNG, F.N. 1954. The water beetles of Florida. Univ. FloridaStud., Biol. Sci. Ser. 5(1): 1-238.ZIMMERMAN,J.R. 1960. Seasonal population changes and habitatpreferences in the genus Laccophilus (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)Ecology 41(1):141-152.ZIMMERMAN,J.R. 1970. A taxonomic revision of the aquatic beetlegenus Laccophilus (Dytiscidae) of North America. Mem. Am.Entomol. Soc. No. 26. 275 pp.LITERATURE CITEDMITCHELLK.MARKS, Rt. 2, Box 73, Cherokee, AL 35616, and GEORGE L.HARP, Department ofBiological Sciences, Arkansas State University,State University, AR 72467.119Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 43 [1989], Art. 39https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol43/iss1/39

Synopsis of the Laccophilinae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) of Arkansas

ScholarWorks@UARK

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of ScienceVolume 43 Article 391989Synopsis of the Laccophilinae (Coleoptera:Dytiscidae) of ArkansasMitchell K. MarksGeorge L. HarpArkansas State UniversityFollow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaasPart of the Entomology CommonsThis article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able toread, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking priorpermission from the publisher or the author.This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the ArkansasAcademy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu, ccmiddle@uark.edu.Recommended CitationMarks, Mitchell K. and Harp, George L. (1989) "Synopsis of the Laccophilinae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) of Arkansas," Journal of theArkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 43 , Article 39.Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol43/iss1/39118Proceedings Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 43, 1989Arkansas Academy of ScienceFLORISTIC NOTES ON THE ARKANSAS CRUCIFERAE (BRASSICACEAE)The Cruciferae make up a distinctive group, generally easily recognized by the 4-merous perianth (4 sepals, 4 petals), six tetradynamous stamens(4 long, 2 short) and the 2-carpellate superior pistil that often dehisces so that the septum remains attached to the pedicel. The stamens are sometimesreduced to 4 or 2. The flowers and fruits are commonly arranged in a brae ties s raceme. The fruits may be short and broad (silicles) or long andnarrow (siliques), terete or flattened and with or withouta stipe orbeak. While the family is generally easily recognized, fruit characters are oftenrequired for determination of genera and species. Ihave worked up a key to the Cruciferae of Arkansas (available for a limited time from theauthor), including 64 taxa known for the state and 14 taxa reported or suspected for the state, and invite workers in the state and area to useand test the key. In working up the key, Inoted the following corrections to the second edition of my Atlas (Smith, E.B. 1988. An atlas andannotated list of the vascular plants of Arkansas. Kinko's, 653 West Dickson Street, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701): (1) The report of Cardamineflexuosa With, was based on material of Sibara virginica (L.)Rollins, and thus should be deleted from our flora. (2)The varieties of Descurainiapinnata (Walt.) Britt., whileappearing different in their extremes, intergrade in Arkansas to the extent that their recognition is probably not justifiable.Additions to the 78 taxa in the key for Arkansas, or suggestions on changes to improve the key would be welcome.EDWINB. SMITH, Dept. ofBotany and Microbiology, SE-401, University ofArkansas at Fayetteville, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701.REDISCOVERY OF HALESIA DIPTERA ELLIS (STYRACACEAE) INARKANSASHalesia diptera Ellis, commonly called Snowdrop-Tree or Two-Wing Silverbell is a large shrub or small tree with showy white flowersappearing in early spring before the leaves appear. Itis apparently limited to the Coastal Plain from South Carolina to northern Florida and westto east Texas (Little, USDA Misc. Pub. 1342, 1977). The Silverbell has been known from a single collection inArkansas (Prescott, September1887, G. W. Letterman s.n., ILL),presumably made in Nevada County (Tucker, G.E., A guide to the woody flora of Arkansas. Unpub. PhDDissertation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 356 pp. 1976.). That specimen has been verified by Tucker (Ark. Tech. Univ.). Because thespecies has not been found in Arkansas for the last century, it was excluded from the Arkansas flora (Smith, E.B., An atlas and annotated listof the vascular plants of Arkansas, 2nd Ed. Privately Published by Kinko Press, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 489 pp. 1988).In September 1983, Icollected this plant in southeastern Lafayette County. After identifying the plant as Halesia diptera. Iforgot about ituntil September of 1988 after a conversation withDr. Tucker. Isent the specimen to him and he agreed withmy identification. The plant specimenis on hand at Arkansas Tech. University herbarium and will be sent to the herbarium at the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville.RAYMONDG. ERICKSON, Soil Conservation Service, Lewisville, AR 71845.A SYNOPSIS OF THE LACCOPHILINAE (COLEOPTERA: DYTISCIDAE) OF ARKANSASDytiscidae, the predaceous diving beetles, is the largest family of aquatic Coleoptera. More than 400 species are estimated to occur in NorthAmerica (Michael and Matta, 1977). The subfamily Laccophilinae is represented in all major zoographical regions of the world, but only one ofits three genera, the cosmopolitan Laccophilus, occurs in Arkansas. This genus has been revised most recently by Zimmerman (1970). The purposesof this paper are to present the first statewide species list, to delineate geographic distributions, and to define preferred habitats for Arkansaslaccophiline species, insofar as present knowledge permits. These species may be identified by using Zimmerman's (1970) key to North Americanspecies. Field recognition is enhanced by their habit of springing actively about in the net. The information presented has been synthesizedprimarily from materials housed in the Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Collection of the Arkansas State University Museum of Zoology (ASUMZ).Additional sources include the museum collections at the University of Arkansas-Fayetteville and -Little Rock and published works.Laccophilus proximusproximus Say was reported as occurring in Arkansas by Zimmerman (1970). This subspecies is our most common form,having been collected in43 counties and all physiographic provinces (Fig. 1). Young (1954) described it as one of the principal pioneers of newlyformed ponds, puddles and other freshwater bodies. Most of the 1,135 specimens examined in this study were collected from lentic systems,including lakes, ponds, swamps, ditches and bogs; however, they were also found in creeks, rivers and springs. Individuals were collected duringeach month of the year. Guntharp and Harp's (1982) record for Laccophilus pictus and that of Harp and Harp (1980) for L. maculosus inCrittenden County are actually L.p. proximus.Laccophilus fasciatus rufus Melsheimer was reported from two Arkansas sites by Zimmerman (1970). Inthis study we report 445 individualsfrom 157 collections in40 counties (Fig. 2). Young (1954) found L.f. rufus most frequently in muddy or silty-bottomed temporary pools formedin roadside ditches or intermittent streams, all associated with well-drained soils. Zimmerman (1960) collected this subspecies from open, unshadedponds and roadside ditches in clay soils in the Midwest. We found L. f. rufus most commonly in creeks and bayous, but it was also found inponds, lakes, rivers, temporary pools, ditches, springs and rice fields. The occurrence of L.f.rufus in such a variety ofhabitats, in all physiographicprovinces, and in all months except December, suggests that it is broadly tolerant of diverse shallow water ecosystems.Laccophilus maculosus maculosus Say was first reported for Arkansas by Pippenger and Harp (1985). A total of 120 individuals was examinedfrom 42 collections in 11 counties (Fig. 3). Zimmerman (1970) listed the geographic range as extending north from near a line running from NEGeorgia to SW Nebraska. Previously, only single specimens from coastal South Carolina, SE Alabama and Dallas, Texas, were known to existsouth of this line. These occurrences were explained by noting that L.m. maculosus adults readily flyand can survive for brief periods in almostany aquatic ecosystem (Zimmerman, 1970). Allbut one of our records are from the Ozark Plateaus, but rather than reflecting water qualityrequirements, its state distribution is primarily a reflection of northern Arkansas being the southern limit of its range. Most collections of L. m.maculosus (63% of specimens) were from lakes and ponds, but some were occasionally found in creeks, rivers and springs. InArkansas this subspecieshas been found during each month except January and December.Laccophilus undatus Aube is newly reported for Arkansas, and this finding constitute^ a major range extension to the SW. A single specimenwas collected from a pool of the Saline River downstream of the St Hwy 24 bridge at the Howard-Sevier Co. line on 9 May 1982 (Fig. 3).Zimmerman (1970) reported the range ofthis species to extend fromBloomington, Indiana, N to Chicago and E to Washington, D.C. and Massachusetts.118Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 43 [1989], Art. 39Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1989Proceedings Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 43, 1989 119It was also noted that this species generally prefers shaded pools of the northeastern deciduous forests and that, in southern Indiana, ithas beentaken only from slightly acidic slough ponds in the drainage basins of intermittent streamsFigure 1.Laccophilus proximus proximus Figure 2. Laccophilus fasciatus rufusACKNOWLEDGMENTSFigure 3. Laccophilus maculosus maculosus ALaccophilus undatus xWe thank Harvey E. Barton (ASU Entomological Museum), Robert T. Allen (UA-Fayetteville Museum), and John Rickett(UA-Little Rock Entomological Museum) for providing study material. Paul Spangler (U.S. National Museum) provided voucherspecimens.GUNTHARP, G.R. and G.L. HARP. 1982. Aquatic macroinvertebratetaxa present in two Ozark springs in Randolph County, Arkan-sas. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 36:88-89.HARP, G.L. and P.A. HARP. 1980. Aquatic macroinvertebratesof Wapanocca National Wildlife Refuge. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci.34:115-117.HUGGINS, J.A. and G.L. HARP. 1983. Aquatic macroinvertebratesof the HiattPrairie region, Franklin County, Arkansas. Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 37:92-94.MICHAEL,A.C. and J.F. MATTA.1977. The Dytiscidae ofVirginia(Coleoptera: Adephaga) (Subfamilies: Laccophilinae, Colymbeti-nae, Dytiscinae, Hydaticinae and Cybistrinae). The insects ofVirginia:No. 12. Virginia Poly. Inst. State Univ. Res. Div.Bull.124. vi + 53 pp.PIPPENGER, M.A.and G.L. HARP. 1985. Dytiscidae from RandolphCounty, Arkansas. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 39:146-147.YOUNG, F.N. 1954. The water beetles of Florida. Univ. FloridaStud., Biol. Sci. Ser. 5(1): 1-238.ZIMMERMAN,J.R. 1960. Seasonal population changes and habitatpreferences in the genus Laccophilus (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)Ecology 41(1):141-152.ZIMMERMAN,J.R. 1970. A taxonomic revision of the aquatic beetlegenus Laccophilus (Dytiscidae) of North America. Mem. Am.Entomol. Soc. No. 26. 275 pp.LITERATURE CITEDMITCHELLK.MARKS, Rt. 2, Box 73, Cherokee, AL 35616, and GEORGE L.HARP, Department ofBiological Sciences, Arkansas State University,State University, AR 72467.119Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 43 [1989], Art. 39http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol43/iss1/39

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Synopsis of the Laccophilinae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) of Arkansas

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