Palko, Tom N.

English

UARK (University of Arkansas )

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 24 Article 22 1970 Preliminary Study of Zooplankton Over a Six Month Period on Lake Dardanelle Tom N. Palko Arkansas Tech University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas  Part of the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Palko, Tom N. (1970) "Preliminary Study of Zooplankton Over a Six Month Period on Lake Dardanelle," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 24 , Article 22. Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol24/iss1/22 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu. Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV,197055A Preliminary Study of Zooplankton Over a Six Month Period on Lake DardanelleA Preliminary Study of Zooplankton Over aSix Month Period on Lake DardanelleTom N. Palko, Arkansas Polytechnic CollegeRussellville, Arkansas 72801was taken from a boat. Only surface to approximately18 inch samples were collected at both of the collect-ing stations. The water temperature was also recordedeach time along with other information such as wind andsky conditions.INTRODUCTIONThis limnological investigation was undertaken toestablish preliminary base lines or normals of zooplank-ton for use of comparison for future studies on LakeDardanelle. Lake Dardanelle is a large, artificial lakecreated by the damming of the Arkansas River as a partof the Arkansas River Navigation Project. It is located inNorth Central Arkansas near Russellville. The studycovers only macrozooplankton and mesozooplankton(Welch, 1963). Samples were taken at two stations (Fig.7). These stations were chosen because of their posi-tions to incoming streams which have constant flow.The sampling stations were approximately 0.5 miles apartand varied in depth from 6.5 ft. at station Ito a depthof 12.0 ft. at Station II. The temperature of the waterwas generally higher by 0.5°C to 1°C at Station I(Table2). Only samples from surface to approximately 18inches were collected. Samples were taken on a weeklybasis. This paper is concerned with collections over a24 week period.A plankton net equipped with No. 25 silk boltingcloth was used. The sample was concentrated in a 30cccollecting bottle attached to the plankton net by use ofan adapter. Approximately 3 ml. of formaldehyde solu-tion N.F. was used to fix and preserve the organisms.The sample was diluted to 100 ml. and with the use ofa Sedgewick-Rafter Counting Chamber the average num-ber of organisms in 10 fields was determined.The taxonomic scheme of Pennak (1953) was usedin this paper in the placement of those flagellated or-ganisms which possess both plant and animal character-istics. Identification below the level of genera was notattempted in this study. The classification of nauplii wasnot undertaken. They are listed under Copepoda. Theworks of Hyman (1951), Needham and Needham (1966),Pennak (1953), Samuel Eddy and A. C. Hodson (1967),and Ward and Whipple (1966) were used for the identifi-cation of the zooplankton.IA total of 40 generawere identified during the study,lilar organisms were observed at both stations (tableThe total number of zooplankton organisms per literched their peak at both sampling stations on July 30,1969.Acknowledgement is given to Dr. Carl E. Hoffman,Professor of Zoology, University of Arkansas, for hisIdentification of Codenella and Difflugia.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSRESULTSKThis study was supported by a grant from the Facultyearch Committee of Arkansas Polytechnic College,sellville, Arkansas. Because of the limiting time factor concerning thisresearch (approximately 6 months during one year) nodefinite conclusions can be reached. Some of the morenotable results of the study are:Materials and Methods 1. In the 23 different times when samples were taken,Station Ihad the highest total number of organismsper liter a total of 7 times. Station IIhad the high-est total number of organisms per liter a total of 16times (Table 2). Station I has a depth of 6.5 ft.while Station II has a depth of 12.0 ft. (Fig. 7).The surface temperature of the water at Station Iwas warmer than Station II, 22 times out of the 23times sampled. The temperature difference rangedfrom 0.0°C to 4.0°C.IThe first sample was collected on May 29, 1969,sampling was continued on a weekly basis throughember 5, 1969, except for the week of June 8. Theree a total of 23 collections made over a period ofweeks.The method used in collecting was the vertical dragmethod, and not the standard method set forth by Welch(1948). With the use of the standard formula for thevolume of a cylinder, V=r/T2h (C.R.C. Standard Math-ematical Tables, 1964), it was determined that a 14.38ft- drag would represent a 200 liter sample. This sample2. Asplanchna, Hexarthra, Filinia, (Fig. 2 & 5) andBrachionus, Keratella, Polyarthra, (Fig. 1 & 4)were common rotifers to both stations. The follow-55Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1970Tom N. Palkoing is a list of times in 23 samplings that each of as follows: (the middle sample represents the sam.the six organisms were observed at the two sampling pie collected two days after the rain)*stations.Station I Station IIEudorina—150/ liter Eudorina—O/ljterPolyarthra—350/liter Polyarthra—250/MterBrachionus—200/liter Brachionus—300/literTotal Number of Organ- Total Number of Organisms in the sample 1750 isms in the sample 1800/liter /liter'Eudorina—3600/liter Eudorina—50/1iterPolyarthra—100/liter Polyarthra—O/literBrachionus—O/liter Brachionus—150/ literTotal Number of Organ- Total Number of Organisms in the sample 6100/ isms in the sample 950/liter literEudorina—O/liter Eudorina—O/literPolyarthra—700/liter Polyarthra—400/literBrachionus—150/1iter Brachionus—600/literTotal Number of Organ- Total Number of Organ-isms in the sample 3050 isms in the sample 3200/liter /literStation I Station IIAsplanchnaBrachionus20 2122 22Filinia 19 14Hexarthra 15 18Keratella 22 23Polyarthra 22 22Although Keratella was observed in more samples,probably the most representative genus was Poly-arthra, which ranked highest in number of specificorganisms per liter in most samples. Polyarthrareached its highest count in Sample No. 11 atStation Iwhen a total of 7600 organisms per literwas recorded (Fig. 1). The number of tc-tal organ-isms per liter reached their peak on July 30 SampleNo. 18, station II and then showed an irregular de-crease during the duration of the research (Table2).3. Although the six (6) rotifers listed above were pre-sent in most of the samples counted, they did notremain the predominant organisms through the en-tire study. Difflugia, Codenella, Ceratium, Peridi-nium and other protozoa became predominant in thelatter part of the study. This shift in types of pre-dominant organisms was first noted in Sample No.33 on September 24, temperature 28°C at StationIand Sample No. 34 on September 24 temperature27.5°C at Station II.Many small developing colonies of Eudorina were obser-ved in the sample collected two days after the 5 inchrain. This would indicate either the establishment ofprobable nutrient features beneficial to the organism orthe introduction of organisms already in existence instagnant areas of the lake at the mouth of Baker's Creek,these being washed in as a result of the heavy preci-pitation. Due to the autotrophic characteristics of Eudo-rina, and the adverse effects which increased turbiditywould establish, and because of the lack of any notableincrease in Eudorina at Station II, it is the belief of theauthor that the introduction of the organisms from stag-nated areas is the most likely.4. The increase and decrease in total number organ-isms per liter showed a positive correlation to thetemperature change (Table 2).This was the only hard rain which occurred during thetesting period and this was the only time that a Volvocidea representative was present in an abundant amountin a sample.5. Brachionus mictic females (Donner, 1966) were ob-served on September 24, sample No. 34 (StationII) when a temperature of 27.5°C was recorded.Hoffman (1952) in his study of the effects of heavy pre-cipitation on the plankton in Lake Fort Smith reported amarked reduction in the number of phytoplankton. Inhis study Eudorina was classified under phytoplankton.6. Allorganisms identified were common to both samp-ling stations. Neither station ranked consistentwith the highest number of organisms present.A radical change in the type of predominant organ-isms occurred only once during the course of thestudy. Sample No. 7 station IJune 25, contained3600 Eudorina per liter. The water was very turbidwhen this sample was collected due to a very severeThe decrease innumber of rotifers after the heavy rainmay have been due to increased turbidity or it may beindicative of a periodic cycle. It is of interest to note 'chatin the sample preceding the period of heavy rain, manyrotifer eggs were observed. Pennak (1953) states that"the cycles of abundance for plankton species are highlyvariable within each species, variable from year to yearwithin a single lake, and especially variable from onesmall lake to another."rain storm (approximately 5 inches) which had oc-curred two days prior to this date.Number of organisms/ liter for three consecutiveweeks in samples from Station Iand Station IIwereArkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV.1970 56Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol24/iss1/22SAMPLE NO.figure 2. Hexarthra, Filinia, and Asplanchna at Station I.Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV, 1970 57Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1970Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV, 197058Tom N. PalkoSAMPLE NO.Figure 3 Water Temperatures at Station I.Figure 4 Polyarthra, Keratella, and Brachionus at Station II.3025(4H20enVJ1555<C5aioooo5O2 6 10 14 18 22 26 JO 3k 38 42 46SAMPLE NO.Figure 5. Hexarthra, Filinia, and Asplanchna at Station II.58Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol24/iss1/22Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV,1970 59¦Table 1. Phylum, family, and genera of the zooplankton PeridinaceaeTintinnidaeVolvocidaePeridiniumCodonellaEudorinaaccording to Pennak (1953)PandorinaVolvoxGeneraPhylum FamilyCrustaceae* Bosminidae BosminaCyclopsDaphniaRotatoria Asplanchnidae AsplanchnaCyclopidae AsplanchnopusAnuraeopsisBrachionusDaphnidae BrachionidaeDiaptomasDiaptomidaeDiaphanosomaSididae EpiphanesKeratellaLepadellaCollothecaIProtozoa ActinophryidaeCeratioceaeActionshaeriumCeratium CollothecidaeConochilidaeChlamydomonadaceae Chlamydomonas ConochiloidesConochilusDifflugiidae DifflugiaEuglenuaceae Euglena Filiniidae FiliniaPhacus HexarthraLecaneTrachelomonas LecanidaeStrombidiumHalteriidae PhilodinidaePloesomatidaeSynchaetidaeRotariaMallomonasMallomonadaceae PlaesomaPolyarthraSynchaetaTrichocercaOchromonadaceae DinobryonOxytrichidae UrostylaParamecidae Paramecium Trichocercidae*Nauplii included. Other organisms present stone fly larva and nematodes.59Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1970Table 2. The dates of collection, total organisms per liter, and temperatures for stations 1and 2.Date Station I Station IIMonth/day Sample Total organisms Temperature Sample Total organism Temperature1969 No. Per liter °C No. per liter °C5/29 1 250 32.5 2 950 31.56/3 3 1300 31.0 4 1150 29.06/18 5 1750 32.0 6 1800 31.06/25 7 6100 33.0 8 950 29.07/2 9 3050 37.5 10 3200 37.07/10 11 7600 40.0 12 6850 38.57/17 13 4500 38.0 14 2600 37.07/25 15 4100 36.0 16 5250 35.57/30 17 9200 35.0 18 10150 34.58/ 7 19 8050 35.0 20 7350 34.58/15 21 5050 31.8 22 3750 31.18/21 23 1600 34.5 24 3850 34.08/28 25 4250 34.0 26 5250 33.09/ 4 27 6100 33.0 28 6350 32.59/12 29 4700 31.5 30 6600 31.09/17 31 5650 29.0 32 6300 28.59/24 33 1550 28.0 34 2950 27.510/ 1 35 2600 28.0 36 2950 27.510/ 8 37 2650 26.5 38 2450 26.010/15 39 2600 23.5 40 2650 22.510/22 41 1150 23.0 42 1950 22.510/29 43 1050 19.0 44 1400 19.011/ 5 45 800 18.0 46 1250 17.5Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV, 197060Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol24/iss1/22Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV,197061I fjgure 7. Dardanelle Reservoir northwest of Russellville Literature CitedE with sample station 1 at point "A" and station 2 atI point "B"; Donner, Josef, 1966. Rotifers Frederick Warne & Co.Ltd, London, England.1 MILSscale Eddy, Samuel, and A. C. Hodson, 1967. Taxonomic Keys~\ P^T^\\ N© *° *ne Common Animals of the North CentralNV j > \\ / States, 3rd ed. Burgess Publ. Co. Minneapolis,r | , ..'< / A\ is" Minnesota.y ZT/ d$i Hoffman, Carl E., 1952. Limnological Studies in Arkan-~~-" !>\\ <"/Ti sas"'The e^ect °* mtense rainfall on the\ / mU V «7/ / abundance and vertical distribution of plankton'SA //^wJI )__^^^ / in Lake ort Smith, Arkansas. Proceedings of__V-....^ N'¦••' — /^Ci\[ A\ I—" Arkansas Academy of Science 5: 83-89.x¦•-- r—y / Hyman, L.H., 1951. The Invertebrates: Acanthecephala\ __1/' y_ and Entoprocta, Vol. Illl.McGraw-Hill Book Co.,\y/ ========3^as BL McGaha, Y. J., and Luther A. Knight Jr., 1966. A qual-U^^° /(/ '~~KT~~~~~~~^>~--^ itative study of net plankton of the four flood<• / rlr*55*})! control reservoirs in northern Mississippi. Jour-p, / s^tT^l v(L=» / na' °* * ê SS'SS'PP' Academy of Science 12:\ W^k^^C^^ J^X Needham, J. G., and P. R. Needham, 1962. A Guide to«• \U LI V tne stu<| y of Fr«sh-Water Biology, 5th ed. Holden-I/^n'v S_____^^^^^~ I Day, Inc., San Francisco.\L^ *EsE *VoiR JI^^ Pennak, R. W., 1953. Fresh-Water Invertebrates of theU=s^y*°' 5̂=g5a--^ United States. The Ronald Press Company, NewPx( O—^ Lj JZ Ward, H. B., and G. C. Whipple, 1959. Fresh-Water\ f _ / ,— Biology, 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New\ JV 7p v N Niv—\? I Welch, P. S., 1948. Limnological Methods. The Blakis-L V V/* ) n \ \~~\—Q ton Company, Philadelphia.1 \ / >^ l\\ \^4l Welch, P. S., 1952. Limnology. McGraw-Hill Book Com-pany, Inc. New York.61Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1970

Preliminary Study of Zooplankton Over a Six Month Period on Lake Dardanelle

ScholarWorks@UARK

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of ScienceVolume 24 Article 221970Preliminary Study of Zooplankton Over a SixMonth Period on Lake DardanelleTom N. PalkoArkansas Tech UniversityFollow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaasPart of the Zoology CommonsThis article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able toread, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking priorpermission from the publisher or the author.This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academyof Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu, ccmiddle@uark.edu.Recommended CitationPalko, Tom N. (1970) "Preliminary Study of Zooplankton Over a Six Month Period on Lake Dardanelle," Journal of the ArkansasAcademy of Science: Vol. 24 , Article 22.Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol24/iss1/22Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV,197055A Preliminary Study of Zooplankton Over a Six Month Period on Lake DardanelleA Preliminary Study of Zooplankton Over aSix Month Period on Lake DardanelleTom N. Palko, Arkansas Polytechnic CollegeRussellville, Arkansas 72801was taken from a boat. Only surface to approximately18 inch samples were collected at both of the collect-ing stations. The water temperature was also recordedeach time along with other information such as wind andsky conditions.INTRODUCTIONThis limnological investigation was undertaken toestablish preliminary base lines or normals of zooplank-ton for use of comparison for future studies on LakeDardanelle. Lake Dardanelle is a large, artificial lakecreated by the damming of the Arkansas River as a partof the Arkansas River Navigation Project. It is located inNorth Central Arkansas near Russellville. The studycovers only macrozooplankton and mesozooplankton(Welch, 1963). Samples were taken at two stations (Fig.7). These stations were chosen because of their posi-tions to incoming streams which have constant flow.The sampling stations were approximately 0.5 miles apartand varied in depth from 6.5 ft. at station Ito a depthof 12.0 ft. at Station II. The temperature of the waterwas generally higher by 0.5°C to 1°C at Station I(Table2). Only samples from surface to approximately 18inches were collected. Samples were taken on a weeklybasis. This paper is concerned with collections over a24 week period.A plankton net equipped with No. 25 silk boltingcloth was used. The sample was concentrated in a 30cccollecting bottle attached to the plankton net by use ofan adapter. Approximately 3 ml. of formaldehyde solu-tion N.F. was used to fix and preserve the organisms.The sample was diluted to 100 ml. and with the use ofa Sedgewick-Rafter Counting Chamber the average num-ber of organisms in 10 fields was determined.The taxonomic scheme of Pennak (1953) was usedin this paper in the placement of those flagellated or-ganisms which possess both plant and animal character-istics. Identification below the level of genera was notattempted in this study. The classification of nauplii wasnot undertaken. They are listed under Copepoda. Theworks of Hyman (1951), Needham and Needham (1966),Pennak (1953), Samuel Eddy and A. C. Hodson (1967),and Ward and Whipple (1966) were used for the identifi-cation of the zooplankton.IA total of 40 genera were identified during the study,lilar organisms were observed at both stations (tableThe total number of zooplankton organisms per literched their peak at both sampling stations on July 30,1969.Acknowledgement is given to Dr. Carl E. Hoffman,Professor of Zoology, University of Arkansas, for hisIdentification of Codenella and Difflugia.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSRESULTSKThis study was supported by a grant from the Facultyearch Committee of Arkansas Polytechnic College,sellville, Arkansas. Because of the limiting time factor concerning thisresearch (approximately 6 months during one year) nodefinite conclusions can be reached. Some of the morenotable results of the study are:Materials and Methods 1. In the 23 different times when samples were taken,Station Ihad the highest total number of organismsper liter a total of 7 times. Station IIhad the high-est total number of organisms per liter a total of 16times (Table 2). Station I has a depth of 6.5 ft.while Station II has a depth of 12.0 ft. (Fig. 7).The surface temperature of the water at Station Iwas warmer than Station II, 22 times out of the 23times sampled. The temperature difference rangedfrom 0.0°C to 4.0°C.IThe first sample was collected on May 29, 1969,sampling was continued on a weekly basis throughember 5, 1969, except for the week of June 8. Theree a total of 23 collections made over a period ofweeks.The method used in collecting was the vertical dragmethod, and not the standard method set forth by Welch(1948). With the use of the standard formula for thevolume of a cylinder, V=r/T2h (C.R.C. Standard Math-ematical Tables, 1964), it was determined that a 14.38ft- drag would represent a 200 liter sample. This sample2. Asplanchna, Hexarthra, Filinia, (Fig. 2 & 5) andBrachionus, Keratella, Polyarthra, (Fig. 1 & 4)were common rotifers to both stations. The follow-55Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1970Tom N. Palkoing is a list of times in 23 samplings that each of as follows: (the middle sample represents the sam.the six organisms were observed at the two sampling pie collected two days after the rain)*stations.Station I Station IIEudorina — 150/ liter Eudorina — O/ljterPolyarthra — 350/liter Polyarthra—250/MterBrachionus—200/liter Brachionus—300/literTotal Number of Organ- Total Number of Organisms in the sample 1750 isms in the sample 1800/liter /liter'Eudorina—3600/liter Eudorina—50/1iterPolyarthra — 100/liter Polyarthra — O/literBrachionus—O/liter Brachionus—150/ literTotal Number of Organ- Total Number of Organisms in the sample 6100/ isms in the sample 950/liter literEudorina — O/liter Eudorina—O/literPolyarthra—700/liter Polyarthra—400/literBrachionus—150/1iter Brachionus—600/literTotal Number of Organ- Total Number of Organ-isms in the sample 3050 isms in the sample 3200/liter /literStation I Station IIAsplanchnaBrachionus20 2122 22Filinia 19 14Hexarthra 15 18Keratella 22 23Polyarthra 22 22Although Keratella was observed in more samples,probably the most representative genus was Poly-arthra, which ranked highest in number of specificorganisms per liter in most samples. Polyarthrareached its highest count in Sample No. 11 atStation Iwhen a total of 7600 organisms per literwas recorded (Fig. 1). The number of tc-tal organ-isms per liter reached their peak on July 30 SampleNo. 18, station II and then showed an irregular de-crease during the duration of the research (Table2).3. Although the six (6) rotifers listed above were pre-sent in most of the samples counted, they did notremain the predominant organisms through the en-tire study. Difflugia, Codenella, Ceratium, Peridi-nium and other protozoa became predominant in thelatter part of the study. This shift in types of pre-dominant organisms was first noted in Sample No.33 on September 24, temperature 28°C at StationIand Sample No. 34 on September 24 temperature27.5°C at Station II.Many small developing colonies of Eudorina were obser-ved in the sample collected two days after the 5 inchrain. This would indicate either the establishment ofprobable nutrient features beneficial to the organism orthe introduction of organisms already in existence instagnant areas of the lake at the mouth of Baker's Creek,these being washed in as a result of the heavy preci-pitation. Due to the autotrophic characteristics of Eudo-rina, and the adverse effects which increased turbiditywould establish, and because of the lack of any notableincrease in Eudorina at Station II, it is the belief of theauthor that the introduction of the organisms from stag-nated areas is the most likely.4. The increase and decrease in total number organ-isms per liter showed a positive correlation to thetemperature change (Table 2).This was the only hard rain which occurred during thetesting period and this was the only time that a Volvocidea representative was present in an abundant amountin a sample.5. Brachionus mictic females (Donner, 1966) were ob-served on September 24, sample No. 34 (StationII) when a temperature of 27.5°C was recorded.Hoffman (1952) in his study of the effects of heavy pre-cipitation on the plankton in Lake Fort Smith reported amarked reduction in the number of phytoplankton. Inhis study Eudorina was classified under phytoplankton.6. Allorganisms identified were common to both samp-ling stations. Neither station ranked consistentwith the highest number of organisms present.A radical change in the type of predominant organ-isms occurred only once during the course of thestudy. Sample No. 7 station IJune 25, contained3600 Eudorina per liter. The water was very turbidwhen this sample was collected due to a very severeThe decrease innumber of rotifers after the heavy rainmay have been due to increased turbidity or it may beindicative of a periodic cycle. It is of interest to note 'chatin the sample preceding the period of heavy rain, manyrotifer eggs were observed. Pennak (1953) states that"the cycles of abundance for plankton species are highlyvariable within each species, variable from year to yearwithin a single lake, and especially variable from onesmall lake to another."rain storm (approximately 5 inches) which had oc-curred two days prior to this date.Number of organisms/ liter for three consecutiveweeks in samples from Station Iand Station IIwereArkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV.1970 56Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol24/iss1/22SAMPLE NO.figure 2. Hexarthra, Filinia, and Asplanchna at Station I.Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV, 1970 57Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1970Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV, 197058Tom N. PalkoSAMPLE NO.Figure 3 Water Temperatures at Station I.Figure 4 Polyarthra, Keratella, and Brachionus at Station II.3025(4H20enVJ1555<C5aioooo5O2 6 10 14 18 22 26 JO 3k 38 42 46SAMPLE NO.Figure 5. Hexarthra, Filinia, and Asplanchna at Station II.58Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol24/iss1/22Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV,1970 59¦Table 1. Phylum, family, and genera of the zooplankton PeridinaceaeTintinnidaeVolvocidaePeridiniumCodonellaEudorinaaccording to Pennak (1953)PandorinaVolvoxGeneraPhylum FamilyCrustaceae* Bosminidae BosminaCyclopsDaphniaRotatoria Asplanchnidae AsplanchnaCyclopidae AsplanchnopusAnuraeopsisBrachionusDaphnidae BrachionidaeDiaptomasDiaptomidaeDiaphanosomaSididae EpiphanesKeratellaLepadellaCollothecaIProtozoa ActinophryidaeCeratioceae ActionshaeriumCeratium CollothecidaeConochilidaeChlamydomonadaceae Chlamydomonas ConochiloidesConochilusDifflugiidae DifflugiaEuglenuaceae Euglena Filiniidae FiliniaPhacus HexarthraLecaneTrachelomonas LecanidaeStrombidiumHalteriidae PhilodinidaePloesomatidaeSynchaetidaeRotariaMallomonasMallomonadaceae PlaesomaPolyarthraSynchaetaTrichocercaOchromonadaceae DinobryonOxytrichidae UrostylaParamecidae Paramecium Trichocercidae*Nauplii included. Other organisms present stone fly larva and nematodes.59Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1970Table 2. The dates of collection, total organisms per liter, and temperatures for stations 1and 2.Date Station I Station IIMonth/day Sample Total organisms Temperature Sample Total organism Temperature1969 No. Per liter °C No. per liter °C5/29 1 250 32.5 2 950 31.56/3 3 1300 31.0 4 1150 29.06/18 5 1750 32.0 6 1800 31.06/25 7 6100 33.0 8 950 29.07/2 9 3050 37.5 10 3200 37.07/10 11 7600 40.0 12 6850 38.57/17 13 4500 38.0 14 2600 37.07/25 15 4100 36.0 16 5250 35.57/30 17 9200 35.0 18 10150 34.58/ 7 19 8050 35.0 20 7350 34.58/15 21 5050 31.8 22 3750 31.18/21 23 1600 34.5 24 3850 34.08/28 25 4250 34.0 26 5250 33.09/ 4 27 6100 33.0 28 6350 32.59/12 29 4700 31.5 30 6600 31.09/17 31 5650 29.0 32 6300 28.59/24 33 1550 28.0 34 2950 27.510/ 1 35 2600 28.0 36 2950 27.510/ 8 37 2650 26.5 38 2450 26.010/15 39 2600 23.5 40 2650 22.510/22 41 1150 23.0 42 1950 22.510/29 43 1050 19.0 44 1400 19.011/ 5 45 800 18.0 46 1250 17.5Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV, 197060Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol24/iss1/22Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXIV,197061I fjgure 7. Dardanelle Reservoir northwest of Russellville Literature CitedE with sample station 1 at point "A" and station 2 atI point "B"; Donner, Josef, 1966. Rotifers Frederick Warne & Co.Ltd, London, England.1 MILSscale Eddy, Samuel, and A. C. Hodson, 1967. Taxonomic Keys~\ P^T^\\ N© *° *ne Common Animals of the North CentralNV j > \\ / States, 3rd ed. Burgess Publ. Co. Minneapolis,r | , ..'< / A\ is" Minnesota.y ZT/ d$i Hoffman, Carl E., 1952. Limnological Studies in Arkan-~~-" !>\\ <"/Ti sas "' The e^ect °* mtense rainfall on the\ / mU V «7/ / abundance and vertical distribution of plankton'SA //^wJI )__^^^ / in Lake ort Smith, Arkansas. Proceedings of__V-....^ N'¦••'— /^Ci\[ A\ I—" Arkansas Academy of Science 5: 83-89.x¦•-- r —y / Hyman, L.H., 1951. The Invertebrates: Acanthecephala\ __1/' y_ and Entoprocta, Vol. Illl.McGraw-Hill Book Co.,\y/========3^as BL McGaha, Y. J., and Luther A. Knight Jr., 1966. A qual-U^^ ° /(/ '~~KT~~~~~~~^>~--^ itative study of net plankton of the four flood<• / rlr*55*})! control reservoirs in northern Mississippi. Jour-p, / s^tT^l v(L=» / na' °* * e^ SS'SS'PP' Academy of Science 12:\ W^k^^C^^ J^X Needham, J. G., and P. R. Needham, 1962. A Guide to«• \U LI V tne stu<| y of Fr«sh-Water Biology, 5th ed. Holden-I/^n'v S_____^^^^^~ I Day, Inc., San Francisco.\L^ *EsE *VoiR JI^^ Pennak, R. W., 1953. Fresh-Water Invertebrates of theU=s^y*°' 5^=g5a--^ United States. The Ronald Press Company, NewPx( O—^ Lj JZ Ward, H. B., and G. C. Whipple, 1959. Fresh-Water\ f _ / ,— Biology, 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New\ JV 7p v N Niv —\? I Welch, P. S., 1948. Limnological Methods. The Blakis-L V V/* ) n \ \~~\— Q ton Company, Philadelphia.1 \ / >^ l\\ \^4l Welch, P. S., 1952. Limnology. McGraw-Hill Book Com-pany, Inc. New York.61Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 24 [1970], Art. 22Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1970

https://scholarworks.uark.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2991&amp;context=jaas

Preliminary Study of Zooplankton Over a Six Month Period on Lake Dardanelle

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

UARK (University of Arkansas )

ScholarWorks@UARK