Bounds, Steve M.

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Journal of the Arkansas Academy of ScienceVolume 31 Article 381977Addendum to "Fishes of the Fourche River" inNorth Central ArkansasSteve M. BoundsArkansas State UniversityFollow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaasPart of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, and the Terrestrial and Aquatic EcologyCommonsThis article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able toread, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking priorpermission from the publisher or the author.This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the ArkansasAcademy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu, ccmiddle@uark.edu.Recommended CitationBounds, Steve M. (1977) "Addendum to "Fishes of the Fourche River" in North Central Arkansas," Journal of the Arkansas Academy ofScience: Vol. 31 , Article 38.Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol31/iss1/38112 Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXXI,1977GENERAL NOTESADDENDUM TO"FISHES OF THEFOURCHE RIVER INNORTH-CENTRAL ARKANSAS"Apreliminary list of the fishes ofFourche River has been reported (Bounds, S. M.and J. K.Beadles, 1976, Fishes of the Fourche River innorthcentral Arkansas, Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 30:22-26). This list reported 94 species present within the riversystem. During the dry year of 1976,the low river stages made it possible for more intensive collections to be made inpreviously inaccessible areas. Six additional species were col-lected, and one species, although previously reported, was collected for the first time since 1945. The additional specimens were deposited in theArkansas State University Museum.A single specimen ofNotropis fumeus Evermann was taken from the slow-moving, slightly turbid water ofa dredged lowland ditch having asubstrate of compacted clay.Green and Beadles (1974, Ichthyofaunal survey of the Current River within Arkansas, Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 28:22-26), Pflieger (1975, The fishes of Missouri, Mo.Dept. Cons., 343 pp.), and Yeager and Beadles (1976, Fishes of the Cane Creek Watershed insoutheast Missouri and northeast Arkansas, Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 30:100-104) reported the ribbon shiner from Current River,Little Black River,and Cane Creek, respectively, fromhabitats similar to that mentioned above.A single specimen of Notropis rubellus (Agassiz) was collected from the main channel of the river near its confluence with Black River.Pflieger (1975) reported the rosyface shiner as one of the most abundant and generally distributed minnows in the Ozark Uplands, and reported itfrom the Current and Eleven Point Rivers. However, no specimens were taken from the Ozark portion ofFourche.Twospecimens ofNoturus miurus Jordan were collected from the rifflearea of Fourche River near the State Highway 115 bridge. This col-lection site consisted of large rocks and swiftly flowing water, and was near the point where the Ozark foothills merged withthe lowlands. Thebrindled madtom has been collected often innortheast Arkansas (Green and Beadles, 1974; Fowler, C.L. and G.L.Harp, 1974, Ichthyofaunaldiversification and distribution inJane's Creek watershed, Randolph County, Arkansas, Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 28:13-18; Robison, H.W. andj. K.Beadles, 1974, Fishes of the Strawberry River system ofnorthcentral Arkansas, Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 28:65-70; Yeager and Beadles, 1976).Pimephales tenellus (Girard), Percina evides (Jordan and Gilbert), and Percina nasuta (Bailey) were collected together from the lowlandportion of the stream. The water was slightlyturbid, slow-moving, and 0.8 m deep. The substrate was composed of mud and shifting sand thatpartially covered logs, small trees, and other debris. Robison and Beadles (1974) have reported all three species from the Strawberry River,a tri-butary to the Black River. Pflieger (1975) has reported all except P. nasuta from the Black River inMissouri. He reported the longnose darter asrare inMissouri and stated that itmay be restricted to the upper St. Francis River.He onlyreported the Sabinae shiner from the Black River nearPoplar Bluffwhere the river descends into the lowlands. He also reported the slim minnow as rare inthe White River drainage. During this studytwo specimens ofNotropis sabinae, two ofPimephales tenellus, one of Percina evides, and one ofP. nasuta were collected.The collection ofP. nasuta affirms itspresence in the Black River system. H.W. Robison (pers. comm.) has recently collected it from theStrawberry River,and T.M.Buchanan has collected it from the Spring River.On 14 May 1977, a single specimen of Hybopsis amblops (Rafinesque) was collected. Itwas last collected prior to 1945 fromFourche River(Pflieger, 1975). This specimen was taken from a small clear Ozark pool having a substrate ofcoarse gravel. This collection reaffirms the presenceof the bigeye chub inFourche River.With the addition of these six species to the previous list, the ichthyofauna reported from the Fourche River watershed is100 speciesSTEVE M. BOUNDS, Division ofBiological Sciences, Arkansas State University, State University 72467. (Present address: Dept. ofScience, Crowley's Ridge College, Paragould, AR 72450.)REMNANTPRAIRIEPLOTS OF BENTONCOUNTY, ARKANSASThere are only two relatively undisturbed prairie plots remaining of the four major prairies described by Simonds and Hopkins (1891) forBenton County, Arkansas. These remnant plots are parts ofLindsley's Prairie which was formerly 5-6miles long and over 4miles wide,located inthe southwest portion of the county, northeast ofSiloam Springs. Each of these remnants is approximately 20 acres in size. The other prairies de-scribed by these geologists include Osage Prairie which extended about 10 miles inthe area south of Bentonville. Beatie Prairie had an area ofabout 6by 2 miles near Maysville in Arkansas and extended westward intoIndian Territory. Round Prairie was in the western part of the countybetween Bloomfield and Cherokee City.The twoplots areRice Prairie, 25 acres of the east part of the SE SE Section 33 T18N R33W, and the Stump Prairie, one mile north, which is19'/j acres inthe W/2 SW SW Section 27 T18N R33W. Many of the same plant species are found on both plots, but diversity of habitats in theplots results insome ecological differences inthe two areas.Geologically, the prairies of northwest Arkansas are upland and lieon the Springfield Plateau, the portion of the Ozark Upliftunderlain bythe Boone limestone and chert ofMississippian age. The lime dissolves leaving a layer ofchert mixed with clay. Acharacteristic of these prairiesis the prairie mounds, sometimes called "pimplehills", Quinn (1968) states "Prairie mounds are low, naturally occurring hillocks, randomly dis-tributed over level terrain". "Nonetheless, similarity insize, shape, orientation and distribution of prairie mounds, regardless of locality, suggestsa common mode of origin—.""Mounds range from 20-60 feet indiameter and from 2-8 feet high. They are slightly asymetrical, somewhat elongated and steepened on theleeward side. Allare similarly oriented. The pattern ofdistribution is random but innorthwest Arkansas, the most abundant mounds, those com-posed completely ofeolian, windblown material, occupy flat or level surfaces."According to Quinn, the mounds are formed on a blanket of loessal material. Loess isrock ground to silt size particles by glaciers duringtheir advances into the upper Mississippi Valley.Loess was carried southward away from the glaciers by water and wind. It was dropped acrossthe landscape and on the prairies after the last retreat of the ice ten to twenty thousand years ago.The mounds were formed by the deposition of soil above the loess horizon and concentrated in and around clumps of vegetation which,under desert conditions, grew insymetrically rounded. patterns. Soil was enriched by humus of non-woody plants. The tall grass prairies of the bigand littleblue stem, Indian grass, switch grass, and associated perennial forbs developed on this soil.Soil samples were taken from the tops and bases of three rather evenly distributed mounds on both the Rice and Stump plots. Six samples fromeach plot were then analysed. There were noappreciable differences in the soil values of the samples of the two prairies (Table 1).For the past seven years numerous trips were made during the blooming season so that the succession of bloom could be recorded and speci-mens identified and photographed. The blooming season typically extends from April6 through September 25.However the records are incom-plete because the prairies are mowed between July and middle August. Inaddition, severe spring and summer drought limited recovery in themowed areas inthe years 1970, 1971, and 1972.Late blooming species of grasses and forbs were collected along the south boundary of the Stump Prairie which is traversed by an intermit-tent stream, and in an unmowed east-west ravine which bisects the Rice Prairie. Specimens were also collected along the railroad right-of-waybetween Gentry and Gravette.112Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 31 [1977], Art. 38Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1977

Addendum to  Fishes of the Fourche River  in North Central Arkansas

UARK (University of Arkansas )

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 31 Article 38 1977 Addendum to "Fishes of the Fourche River" in North Central Arkansas Steve M. Bounds Arkansas State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas  Part of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, and the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Bounds, Steve M. (1977) "Addendum to "Fishes of the Fourche River" in North Central Arkansas," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 31 , Article 38. Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol31/iss1/38 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu. 112 Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol. XXXI,1977GENERAL NOTESADDENDUM TO"FISHES OF THEFOURCHE RIVER INNORTH-CENTRAL ARKANSAS"Apreliminary list of the fishes ofFourche River has been reported (Bounds, S. M.and J. K.Beadles, 1976, Fishes of the Fourche River innorthcentral Arkansas, Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 30:22-26). This list reported 94 species present within the riversystem. During the dry year of 1976,the low river stages made it possible for more intensive collections to be made inpreviously inaccessible areas. Six additional species were col-lected, and one species, although previously reported, was collected for the first time since 1945. The additional specimens were deposited in theArkansas State University Museum.A single specimen ofNotropis fumeus Evermann was taken from the slow-moving, slightly turbid water ofa dredged lowland ditch having asubstrate of compacted clay.Green and Beadles (1974, Ichthyofaunal survey of the Current River within Arkansas, Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 28:22-26), Pflieger (1975, The fishes of Missouri, Mo.Dept. Cons., 343 pp.), and Yeager and Beadles (1976, Fishes of the Cane Creek Watershed insoutheast Missouri and northeast Arkansas, Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 30:100-104) reported the ribbon shiner from Current River,Little Black River,and Cane Creek, respectively, fromhabitats similar to that mentioned above.A single specimen of Notropis rubellus (Agassiz) was collected from the main channel of the river near its confluence with Black River.Pflieger (1975) reported the rosyface shiner as one of the most abundant and generally distributed minnows in the Ozark Uplands, and reported itfrom the Current and Eleven Point Rivers. However, no specimens were taken from the Ozark portion ofFourche.Twospecimens ofNoturus miurus Jordan were collected from the rifflearea of Fourche River near the State Highway 115 bridge. This col-lection site consisted of large rocks and swiftly flowing water, and was near the point where the Ozark foothills merged withthe lowlands. Thebrindled madtom has been collected often innortheast Arkansas (Green and Beadles, 1974; Fowler, C.L. and G.L.Harp, 1974, Ichthyofaunaldiversification and distribution inJane's Creek watershed, Randolph County, Arkansas, Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 28:13-18; Robison, H.W. andj. K.Beadles, 1974, Fishes of the Strawberry River system ofnorthcentral Arkansas, Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 28:65-70; Yeager and Beadles, 1976).Pimephales tenellus (Girard), Percina evides (Jordan and Gilbert), and Percina nasuta (Bailey) were collected together from the lowlandportion of the stream. The water was slightlyturbid, slow-moving, and 0.8 m deep. The substrate was composed of mud and shifting sand thatpartially covered logs, small trees, and other debris. Robison and Beadles (1974) have reported all three species from the Strawberry River,a tri-butary to the Black River. Pflieger (1975) has reported all except P. nasuta from the Black River inMissouri. He reported the longnose darter asrare inMissouri and stated that itmay be restricted to the upper St. Francis River.He onlyreported the Sabinae shiner from the Black River nearPoplar Bluffwhere the river descends into the lowlands. He also reported the slim minnow as rare inthe White River drainage. During this studytwo specimens ofNotropis sabinae, two ofPimephales tenellus, one of Percina evides, and one ofP. nasuta were collected.The collection ofP. nasuta affirms itspresence in the Black River system. H.W. Robison (pers. comm.) has recently collected it from theStrawberry River,and T.M.Buchanan has collected it from the Spring River.On 14 May 1977, a single specimen of Hybopsis amblops (Rafinesque) was collected. Itwas last collected prior to 1945 fromFourche River(Pflieger, 1975). This specimen was taken from a small clear Ozark pool having a substrate ofcoarse gravel. This collection reaffirms the presenceof the bigeye chub inFourche River.With the addition of these six species to the previous list, the ichthyofauna reported from the Fourche River watershed is100 speciesSTEVE M. BOUNDS, Division ofBiological Sciences, Arkansas State University, State University 72467. (Present address: Dept. ofScience, Crowley's Ridge College, Paragould, AR 72450.)REMNANTPRAIRIEPLOTS OF BENTONCOUNTY, ARKANSASThere are only two relatively undisturbed prairie plots remaining of the four major prairies described by Simonds and Hopkins (1891) forBenton County, Arkansas. These remnant plots are parts ofLindsley's Prairie which was formerly 5-6miles long and over 4miles wide,located inthe southwest portion of the county, northeast ofSiloam Springs. Each of these remnants is approximately 20 acres in size. The other prairies de-scribed by these geologists include Osage Prairie which extended about 10 miles inthe area south of Bentonville. Beatie Prairie had an area ofabout 6by 2 miles near Maysville in Arkansas and extended westward intoIndian Territory. Round Prairie was in the western part of the countybetween Bloomfield and Cherokee City.The twoplots areRice Prairie, 25 acres of the east part of the SE SE Section 33 T18N R33W, and the Stump Prairie, one mile north, which is19'/j acres inthe W/2 SW SW Section 27 T18N R33W. Many of the same plant species are found on both plots, but diversity of habitats in theplots results insome ecological differences inthe two areas.Geologically, the prairies of northwest Arkansas are upland and lieon the Springfield Plateau, the portion of the Ozark Upliftunderlain bythe Boone limestone and chert ofMississippian age. The lime dissolves leaving a layer ofchert mixed with clay. Acharacteristic of these prairiesis the prairie mounds, sometimes called "pimplehills", Quinn (1968) states "Prairie mounds are low, naturally occurring hillocks, randomly dis-tributed over level terrain". "Nonetheless, similarity insize, shape, orientation and distribution of prairie mounds, regardless of locality, suggestsa common mode of origin—.""Mounds range from 20-60 feet indiameter and from 2-8 feet high. They are slightly asymetrical, somewhat elongated and steepened on theleeward side. Allare similarly oriented. The pattern ofdistribution is random but innorthwest Arkansas, the most abundant mounds, those com-posed completely ofeolian, windblown material, occupy flat or level surfaces."According to Quinn, the mounds are formed on a blanket of loessal material. Loess isrock ground to silt size particles by glaciers duringtheir advances into the upper Mississippi Valley.Loess was carried southward away from the glaciers by water and wind. It was dropped acrossthe landscape and on the prairies after the last retreat of the ice ten to twenty thousand years ago.The mounds were formed by the deposition of soil above the loess horizon and concentrated in and around clumps of vegetation which,under desert conditions, grew insymetrically rounded. patterns. Soil was enriched by humus of non-woody plants. The tall grass prairies of the bigand littleblue stem, Indian grass, switch grass, and associated perennial forbs developed on this soil.Soil samples were taken from the tops and bases of three rather evenly distributed mounds on both the Rice and Stump plots. Six samples fromeach plot were then analysed. There were noappreciable differences in the soil values of the samples of the two prairies (Table 1).For the past seven years numerous trips were made during the blooming season so that the succession of bloom could be recorded and speci-mens identified and photographed. The blooming season typically extends from April6 through September 25.However the records are incom-plete because the prairies are mowed between July and middle August. Inaddition, severe spring and summer drought limited recovery in themowed areas inthe years 1970, 1971, and 1972.Late blooming species of grasses and forbs were collected along the south boundary of the Stump Prairie which is traversed by an intermit-tent stream, and in an unmowed east-west ravine which bisects the Rice Prairie. Specimens were also collected along the railroad right-of-waybetween Gentry and Gravette.112Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 31 [1977], Art. 38Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1977

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Addendum to Fishes of the Fourche River in North Central Arkansas

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