McDaniel, V. Rick

Sutton, Keith B.

English

UARK (University of Arkansas )

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 33 Article 42 1979 Unusual Concentration of Scarlet Snakes Keith B. Sutton V. Rick McDaniel Arkansas State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas  Part of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Sutton, Keith B. and McDaniel, V. Rick (1979) "Unusual Concentration of Scarlet Snakes," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 33 , Article 42. Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol33/iss1/42 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu. <•(!92Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol.XXXIII,1979Arkansas Academy of Science1. COMPOSITAE Anthemis tinctoria L.This naturalized European species was recently found by Gwen Barber inFranklin County. Barber 1652. LABIATAEGlechoma hederacea L.var. hederaceaThe large-flowered variety of this species was collected fromMonroe County bya student in the Plant Taxonomy class, KimAnderson. An-derson 18.3. MORACEAE Cannabis sativah.This expected species (p. 517 of Atlas) was recently found inan apparently naturalized population inFranklin County by Gwen Barber. Bar-ber 835.4. PLANTAGINACEAEPlantago cordate Lam.Our thanks to Dr.Tom Clark for sending a specimen of this expected species (p. 517 of Atlas) to the Fayetteville herbarium, collected byDavid M.Johnson in Randolph County. The specimen lacks leaves and has immature fruit,but is apparently correctly determined. Johnson484.5. POLEMONIACEAE Phlox Carolina L.subsp. angusta WherryArestudy ofour Arkansas Phlox in lightof the monograph byWherry (1955, The Genus Phlox, Morris Arb.Monog. Ill,Phila., Penn., 174pp.) indicates that most of what was treated as P. glaberrima L.in the Atlas is P. Carolina L.subsp. augusta Wherry. The senior author seri-ously doubts that this entity should be maintained as distinct fromP. glaberrima. McCoy 134.6. POLEMONIACEAE Phlox Carolina L.subsp. CarolinaSome ofour material (Craighead, Hot Spring, and Polk Counties) of what was treated as P. glaberrima L.inthe Atlas is this entity. Demaree3397.7. POLEMONIACEAE Phlox pilosa L.subsp. pulcherrima LundellThe dot shown forsubsp. fulgida in MillerCounty in the Atlas is actually material of subsp. pulcherrima. Wherry's monograph shows it forseveral other southwestern Arkansas counties. Moore 490067.8. ROSACEAE Rosa canina L.Material collected by Richard Davis fromFranklin County may represent a local escape from cultivation. Davis 449.9. ROSACEAE Spiraea prunifolia Sieb. &Zucc.This cultivated species was collected by Gwen Barber in Franklin County where it is spreading from cultivation to form dense thicketslocally bystreams, riverbanks, and oldhome sites. Barber 503.10. RUBIACEAEGalium arkansanum Gray var. pubiflorum E. B. SmithAnew variety of this species, endemic to Montgomery County, has recently been discovered by the senior author and willbe described inacoming issue ofBrittonia. Smith 3358.11. SCROPHULARIACEAE Parentucellia viscosa (L.)Caruel.ThisEurasian species was first found inArkansas by Gwen Barber inFranklin County. Barber 886.12. VERBENACEAE Phyla incisa SmallThis species was collected recently inLittle River County, later inPerry and Franklin Counties. Itis so similar toP. nodiflora that we suspectmuch of our "P. nodiflora" is probably P. incisa. This problem deserves additional study. Smith 3378.13. GRAMINEAE Bouleloua hirsuta Lag.This Great Plains species was recently collected inMillerCounty by Jerry L.Roberts. Roberts 895.14. LEMNACEAE Spirodela oligorhiza (Kurtz)HegelmFirst collected in Arkansas by Marie P.Locke and known from her collections now in Arkansas, Clark,and Jefferson Counties. Locke 2677.15. ORCHIDACEAESpiranthes lucida (H.H.Eat.) AmesThis expected species (p.523 of Atlas) was recently collected inStone County by Paul Redfearn. Redfearn 31747.EDWINB. SMITHand M. GWEN BARBER. Department ofBotanv &Bacteriology. University ofArkansas at Favetteville. Fayetteville, Arkan-sas, 72701.UNUSUAL CONCENTRATION OF SCARLET SNAKES (Cemophora coccinea) INVILLAGE CREEK STATE PARK, ARKANSASInArkansas, the Scarlet Snake (Cemophora coccinea) isnot considered abundant at any locality where it has been found. Because of the se-cretive habits of this species, most no doubt escape the attention ofcollectors.One specimen was collected byDellinger and Black Occas. Pap. Univ.Ark.Mus. No. 611, 1938) in the Ft. Smith area and placed in the Univ.of Arkansas at Fayetteville collection, and several others were reported from the Ft. Smith area. Parker (Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 2:15-30, 1947)deposited a single specimen from Greene County in the Univ. ofMichigan collection. Dowling (Occas. Pap. Univ.Ark. Mus. No. 3,p. 31 1957)reported two specimens, UADZ 739 and UADZ 94, from Pike and Washington Counties and mentioned that there were few records of thisspecies listed for Arkansas. Recent reports from central Arkansas were mentioned by Reagan (Ark. Natural Plan Publ. pp. 101-105. 1074). Byrdand Hanebrink (Herp. Review 7:123, 1976) reported two specimens, one fromIzard County and one from Sharp County. Nomore than one speci-men has been reported from any one county other than the reports by Dellinger and Black for the Ft. Smith area.Since 1975, nine additional specimens have been found in Village Creek State Park located in Cross and St. Francis Counties in easternArkansas. The first specimen was collected as it crossed a gravel driveway in early July 1975. Asecond specimen was dug up in about two inchesof humus on a ridge top during trailconstruction inlate July of the same year. Two additional specimens were collected during trail constructioninmidsummer of 1976. In1977, Scarlet Snakes were collected as they crossed park roads on the nights of 31 Mayand 1July. Three more speci-mens were collected during the summer of 1978. ON the evening of 24 June, a Scarlet Snake was found on the road near the park entrance.Another was found dead on the road on4July and measured 48.6 centimeters in total length. Afinal 42.3 centimeter specimen was found dead onthe road on 9July.VillageCreek State Park covers 7000 acres within the Natural Division of Arkansas known as Crowley's Ridge. The dominant tree species areWhite Oak Quercus alba) and Beech (Fagus grandifolia). Other common species include various oaks, Sweetgum (Liquidambar stvraciflua). TulipPoplar (Liriodendron tulipifera). Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) ,Mockernut Hickory (Carya tomentosa), and Sycamore (Platanus occidentalismDespite their striking markings. Scarlet Snakes elude collectors due to their burrowinghabits. Nine Scarlet Snakes were collected at VillageCreek State Park during the years 1975-1978. This represents the largest number collected in a single locality in Arkansas. Allwere found on roadsduring or after rain or were uncovered from forest humus during trail construction.KEITHB. SUTTON, Seasonal Naturalist, VillageCreek State Park. Rt .? Box 49B, Wynne, AR 72396. V.R. McDANlEL,Dept. ofBiol. SciArkansas State University, State University, AR 72467.92Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 33 [1979], Art. 42Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1979

Unusual Concentration of Scarlet Snakes

ScholarWorks@UARK

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of ScienceVolume 33 Article 421979Unusual Concentration of Scarlet SnakesKeith B. SuttonV. Rick McDanielArkansas State UniversityFollow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaasPart of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology CommonsThis article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able toread, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking priorpermission from the publisher or the author.This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the ArkansasAcademy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu, ccmiddle@uark.edu.Recommended CitationSutton, Keith B. and McDaniel, V. Rick (1979) "Unusual Concentration of Scarlet Snakes," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science:Vol. 33 , Article 42.Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol33/iss1/42<•(!92Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol.XXXIII,1979Arkansas Academy of Science1. COMPOSITAE Anthemis tinctoria L.This naturalized European species was recently found by Gwen Barber inFranklin County. Barber 1652. LABIATAEGlechoma hederacea L.var. hederaceaThe large-flowered variety of this species was collected fromMonroe County bya student in the Plant Taxonomy class, KimAnderson. An-derson 18.3. MORACEAE Cannabis sativah.This expected species (p. 517 of Atlas) was recently found inan apparently naturalized population inFranklin County by Gwen Barber. Bar-ber 835.4. PLANTAGINACEAEPlantago cordate Lam.Our thanks to Dr.Tom Clark for sending a specimen of this expected species (p. 517 of Atlas) to the Fayetteville herbarium, collected byDavid M.Johnson in Randolph County. The specimen lacks leaves and has immature fruit,but is apparently correctly determined. Johnson484.5. POLEMONIACEAE Phlox Carolina L.subsp. angusta WherryArestudy ofour Arkansas Phlox in lightof the monograph byWherry (1955, The Genus Phlox, Morris Arb.Monog. Ill,Phila., Penn., 174pp.) indicates that most of what was treated as P. glaberrima L.in the Atlas is P. Carolina L.subsp. augusta Wherry. The senior author seri-ously doubts that this entity should be maintained as distinct fromP. glaberrima. McCoy 134.6. POLEMONIACEAE Phlox Carolina L.subsp. CarolinaSome ofour material (Craighead, Hot Spring, and Polk Counties) of what was treated as P. glaberrima L.inthe Atlas is this entity. Demaree3397.7. POLEMONIACEAE Phlox pilosa L.subsp. pulcherrima LundellThe dot shown forsubsp. fulgida in MillerCounty in the Atlas is actually material of subsp. pulcherrima. Wherry's monograph shows it forseveral other southwestern Arkansas counties. Moore 490067.8. ROSACEAE Rosa canina L.Material collected by Richard Davis fromFranklin County may represent a local escape from cultivation. Davis 449.9. ROSACEAE Spiraea prunifolia Sieb. &Zucc.This cultivated species was collected by Gwen Barber in Franklin County where it is spreading from cultivation to form dense thicketslocally bystreams, riverbanks, and oldhome sites. Barber 503.10. RUBIACEAEGalium arkansanum Gray var. pubiflorum E. B. SmithAnew variety of this species, endemic to Montgomery County, has recently been discovered by the senior author and willbe described inacoming issue ofBrittonia. Smith 3358.11. SCROPHULARIACEAE Parentucellia viscosa (L.)Caruel.ThisEurasian species was first found inArkansas by Gwen Barber inFranklin County. Barber 886.12. VERBENACEAE Phyla incisa SmallThis species was collected recently inLittle River County, later inPerry and Franklin Counties. Itis so similar toP. nodiflora that we suspectmuch of our "P. nodiflora" is probably P. incisa. This problem deserves additional study. Smith 3378.13. GRAMINEAE Bouleloua hirsuta Lag.This Great Plains species was recently collected inMillerCounty by Jerry L.Roberts. Roberts 895.14. LEMNACEAE Spirodela oligorhiza (Kurtz)HegelmFirst collected in Arkansas by Marie P.Locke and known from her collections now in Arkansas, Clark,and Jefferson Counties. Locke 2677.15. ORCHIDACEAESpiranthes lucida (H.H.Eat.) AmesThis expected species (p.523 of Atlas) was recently collected inStone County by Paul Redfearn. Redfearn 31747.EDWINB. SMITHand M. GWEN BARBER. Department ofBotanv &Bacteriology. University ofArkansas at Favetteville. Fayetteville, Arkan-sas, 72701.UNUSUAL CONCENTRATION OF SCARLET SNAKES (Cemophora coccinea) INVILLAGE CREEK STATE PARK, ARKANSASInArkansas, the Scarlet Snake (Cemophora coccinea) isnot considered abundant at any locality where it has been found. Because of the se-cretive habits of this species, most no doubt escape the attention ofcollectors.One specimen was collected byDellinger and Black Occas. Pap. Univ.Ark.Mus. No. 611, 1938) in the Ft. Smith area and placed in the Univ.of Arkansas at Fayetteville collection, and several others were reported from the Ft. Smith area. Parker (Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 2:15-30, 1947)deposited a single specimen from Greene County in the Univ. ofMichigan collection. Dowling (Occas. Pap. Univ.Ark. Mus. No. 3,p. 31 1957)reported two specimens, UADZ 739 and UADZ 94, from Pike and Washington Counties and mentioned that there were few records of thisspecies listed for Arkansas. Recent reports from central Arkansas were mentioned by Reagan (Ark. Natural Plan Publ. pp. 101-105. 1074). Byrdand Hanebrink (Herp. Review 7:123, 1976) reported two specimens, one fromIzard County and one from Sharp County. Nomore than one speci-men has been reported from any one county other than the reports by Dellinger and Black for the Ft. Smith area.Since 1975, nine additional specimens have been found in Village Creek State Park located in Cross and St. Francis Counties in easternArkansas. The first specimen was collected as it crossed a gravel driveway in early July 1975. Asecond specimen was dug up in about two inchesof humus on a ridge top during trailconstruction inlate July of the same year. Two additional specimens were collected during trail constructioninmidsummer of 1976. In1977, Scarlet Snakes were collected as they crossed park roads on the nights of 31 Mayand 1July. Three more speci-mens were collected during the summer of 1978. ON the evening of 24 June, a Scarlet Snake was found on the road near the park entrance.Another was found dead on the road on4July and measured 48.6 centimeters in total length. Afinal 42.3 centimeter specimen was found dead onthe road on 9July.VillageCreek State Park covers 7000 acres within the Natural Division of Arkansas known as Crowley's Ridge. The dominant tree species areWhite Oak Quercus alba) and Beech (Fagus grandifolia). Other common species include various oaks, Sweetgum (Liquidambar stvraciflua). TulipPoplar (Liriodendron tulipifera). Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) ,Mockernut Hickory (Carya tomentosa), and Sycamore (Platanus occidentalismDespite their striking markings. Scarlet Snakes elude collectors due to their burrowinghabits. Nine Scarlet Snakes were collected at VillageCreek State Park during the years 1975-1978. This represents the largest number collected in a single locality in Arkansas. Allwere found on roadsduring or after rain or were uncovered from forest humus during trail construction.KEITHB. SUTTON, Seasonal Naturalist, VillageCreek State Park. Rt .? Box 49B, Wynne, AR 72396. V.R. McDANlEL,Dept. ofBiol. SciArkansas State University, State University, AR 72467.92Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 33 [1979], Art. 42Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1979

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Unusual Concentration of Scarlet Snakes

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