Peck, James H.

English

UARK (University of Arkansas )

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 40 Article 34 1986 Dryopteris carthusiana at Mt. Magazine, Logan Co., Arkansas James H. Peck University of Arkansas at Little Rock Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas  Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Peck, James H. (1986) "Dryopteris carthusiana at Mt. Magazine, Logan Co., Arkansas," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 40 , Article 34. Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol40/iss1/34 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu. 94 Proceedings Arkansas Academy off Science, Vol. XXXX,1986Arkansas Academy off ScienceHEIDT, G. A., J. H. PECK, T. SHELDON, and J. D. CLARK.1985. Analysis ofArkansas furharvest records - 1942-1984: 1. Stateand regional accounts. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 39:80-83..PECK, J. H., and G. A. HEIDT. 1985. Amodel to predict Arkansasgray fox fur harvests. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 39:92-94.PECK, J. H., J. D. CLARK, T. SHELDON, and G. A. HEIDT.1985. Analysis of Arkansas fur harvest records-1942-1984: II.Species accounts. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 39:84-88.ROHLF, F. J., and R. R. SOKAL. 1981. Statistical tables, 2nd. ed.W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco. 219 pp.TUMLISON, C. R., M.KARNES, and A. W. KING. 1982. The riverotter inArkansas: II.Indications of abeaver-facilitated commen-sal relationship. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 36:73-75.JAMES H. PECK, GARYA. HEIDT, and ANITAJ. GIGGLEMAN, Department ofBiology, University ofArkansas at LittleRock, LittleRock,'AR 72204.DRYOPTERIS CARTHUSIANA AT MT. MAGAZINE,LOGAN, CO., ARKANSASUntil the present, the only verifiable Arkansas population ofthe spinulose wood fern, Dryopteris carthusiana (Villars)H.P. Fuchs (D. spinulosa[O. F. Muell.] Watt), was one discovered by D. M. Moore on 7 August, 1960, at the entrance to Rowland Cave in Stone Co. This populationrepresents the most extreme southwestern population of this species ineastern North America (Carlson & Wagner, Contr. Unif. Michigan. Herb.15:141-162, 1982). Inspite ofthe phytogeographic importance ofthis species inArkansas, itspresence and location has not been known withmuchcertainty.Itwas first reported for Arkansas by Lesquereux (A catalog of the plants of Arkansas, Pp. 346-399 in Owen, Second report ofa geologicalreconnaissance ofthe middle and southern counties ofArkansas made during the years 1859 and 1860, 1860) from "woods". Based on this report,itwas included in state lists by Harvey (Bot. Gaz., Crawfordsville 6:188-190, 1881) and Branner &Coville (A list of the plants of Arkansas, Pp.155-242, in Branner, Annual report of the Geological Survey of Arkansas for 1888, Vol. IV, 1891). Buchholz (Am. Fern J. 14:33-38, 1924)expressed doubt about the presence of this species in Arkansas, in that he could not locate voucher material. Based on a discovery by DwightM.Moore in 1924 (Moore, Am. Fern J. 31:63-71, 1941), Buchholz and Palmer (Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 25:91-155, 1926) reported this speciesfrom the north side of Mt. Magazine, Logan Co., Arkansas. Recent efforts to locate a voucher or plants at that locality were also unsuccessful(Taylor & Demaree, Rhodora 81:503-548, 1979; Taylor, Arkansas ferns and fern allies, 1984, p. 106).On 5 October, 1985, while surveying the status of Woodsia scopulina D. C. Eat. on Mt. Magazine, Ilocated 4 plants of D. carthusiana onthe northside of the mountain, near its summit, in the vicinity of Brown's Spring. This population, associated with three other fern species alsooccurring as peripheral populations (Dennstaedtia punctilobula [Michx.] Moore, Dryopteris marginalis [L.] Gray, and Woodsia scopulina D. C.Eat.), is most probably the population initiallydiscovered by Moore in 1924. Verification of the occurrence ofa Mt. Magazine population extendsthe known range of D carthusiana 300 km to the southwest of the Stone Co. population. The occurrence of this northern species in Arkansasappears to be related to "northern" environmental factors provided inLogan Co. by elevation (860 m) at the top of the tallest mountain in Arkan-sas and in Stone Co. by moderated, cool, moist air blowing froma cave entrance. Based on the known locations of D. carthusiana in Arkansas,it is most improbable that Lesquereau ever saw this species inArkansas during his travels; the earlier attributions of this species in the Arkansasflora must be considered spurius.This research was sponsored, in part, by the State of Arkansas' Nongame Preservation Program Committee, by a faculty research grantfrom Office of Research and Sponsored Programs, and by the College of Science, Office of Research, Science and Technology, at the Universityof Arkansas at Little Rock.JAMES H. PECK, Department ofBiology, University ofArkansas at LittleRock, LittleRock, AR 72204.A SURVEY OF THE INTERIOR LEAST TERN ON THE ARKANSAS AND WHITE RIVERS INARKANSASPotential tern sites were first identified by aerial surveillance and then explored by boat. The initial step involved a two-day helicopter searchfor evidence of nesting terns on the Arkansas River from LittleRock to the Oklahoma state line (26 June), and from Newport to St. Charles onthe White River and again on the Arkansas River from Lock and Dam #3 to Little Rock (27 June). Due to a need to refuel frequently, and thelimited availability of refueling stations, the lower 30 miles of the White River and the Arkansas River from its mouth to Lock and Dam #3 werenot surveyed from the air.Allpotential tern colonies identified by air on the Arkansas River, upstream from Little Rock, were visited by boat (1,2, and 8 July), andthe lower White River fromLock and Dam #1 to the Mississippi River and back up the Arkansas River to Dam #2 also was surveyed by boat (17 July).The helicopter, provided by the Corps of Engineers and piloted by Army Reserve pilots, flew at heights of 100 to200 feet above the groundat speeds of 30 to 75 m.p.h. Care was taken not to disturb tern colonies withprop wash. Visits to sandbars upstream from LittleRock were madein early morning (before 9:00 a.m.) and evening (after 6:30 p.m.) hours to avoid exposing young birds and eggs to the heat of the mid-day sun.However, sandbars on the lower White and Arkansas rivers were searched from the water in mid-day due to the late start of that survey.Four rookeries were observed, one of them previously known, on the Arkansas River above Little Rock, and one rookery was found at themouth of the Arkansas River. Approximately 80 adult least terns, 86 juveniles, and 40 eggs were counted at the fiverookeries. No terns were foundelsewhere on the Arkansas River or on the White.The rookery at river mile 147, located on a side channel bar (spoilbank), was surveyed three times. On 1 July, 14 adults and one downychick were found. No eggs or egg fragments were seen. A second trip to the ternery on 19 July proved more fruitful. Eight juvenile birds, sevenof which were highly mobile, and 16 adults were counted. On a third visit, made 27 July, two flying young of the year were seen, but only sixadults and no nests or flightless young. Though adults dive-bombing in one area of the spoilbank indicated that at least one nest was still active,94Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 40 [1986], Art. 34Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1986

Dryopteris carthusiana at Mt. Magazine, Logan Co., Arkansas

ScholarWorks@UARK

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of ScienceVolume 40 Article 341986Dryopteris carthusiana at Mt. Magazine, Logan Co.,ArkansasJames H. PeckUniversity of Arkansas at Little RockFollow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaasPart of the Botany CommonsThis article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able toread, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking priorpermission from the publisher or the author.This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the ArkansasAcademy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu, ccmiddle@uark.edu.Recommended CitationPeck, James H. (1986) "Dryopteris carthusiana at Mt. Magazine, Logan Co., Arkansas," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol.40 , Article 34.Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol40/iss1/3494 Proceedings Arkansas Academy off Science, Vol. XXXX,1986Arkansas Academy off ScienceHEIDT, G. A., J. H. PECK, T. SHELDON, and J. D. CLARK.1985. Analysis ofArkansas furharvest records - 1942-1984: 1. Stateand regional accounts. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 39:80-83..PECK, J. H., and G. A. HEIDT. 1985. Amodel to predict Arkansasgray fox fur harvests. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 39:92-94.PECK, J. H., J. D. CLARK, T. SHELDON, and G. A. HEIDT.1985. Analysis of Arkansas fur harvest records - 1942-1984: II.Species accounts. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 39:84-88.ROHLF, F. J., and R. R. SOKAL. 1981. Statistical tables, 2nd. ed.W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco. 219 pp.TUMLISON, C. R., M.KARNES, and A. W. KING. 1982. The riverotter inArkansas: II.Indications of abeaver-facilitated commen-sal relationship. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 36:73-75.JAMES H. PECK, GARYA. HEIDT, and ANITAJ. GIGGLEMAN, Department ofBiology, University ofArkansas at LittleRock, LittleRock,'AR 72204.DRYOPTERIS CARTHUSIANA AT MT. MAGAZINE,LOGAN, CO., ARKANSASUntil the present, the only verifiable Arkansas population ofthe spinulose wood fern, Dryopteris carthusiana (Villars)H.P. Fuchs (D. spinulosa[O. F. Muell.] Watt), was one discovered by D. M. Moore on 7 August, 1960, at the entrance to Rowland Cave in Stone Co. This populationrepresents the most extreme southwestern population of this species ineastern North America (Carlson & Wagner, Contr. Unif. Michigan. Herb.15:141-162, 1982). Inspite ofthe phytogeographic importance ofthis species inArkansas, itspresence and location has not been known withmuchcertainty.Itwas first reported for Arkansas by Lesquereux (A catalog of the plants of Arkansas, Pp. 346-399 in Owen, Second report ofa geologicalreconnaissance ofthe middle and southern counties ofArkansas made during the years 1859 and 1860, 1860) from "woods". Based on this report,itwas included in state lists by Harvey (Bot. Gaz., Crawfordsville 6:188-190, 1881) and Branner &Coville (A list of the plants of Arkansas, Pp.155-242, in Branner, Annual report of the Geological Survey of Arkansas for 1888, Vol. IV, 1891). Buchholz (Am. Fern J. 14:33-38, 1924)expressed doubt about the presence of this species in Arkansas, in that he could not locate voucher material. Based on a discovery by DwightM.Moore in 1924 (Moore, Am. Fern J. 31:63-71, 1941), Buchholz and Palmer (Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 25:91-155, 1926) reported this speciesfrom the north side of Mt. Magazine, Logan Co., Arkansas. Recent efforts to locate a voucher or plants at that locality were also unsuccessful(Taylor & Demaree, Rhodora 81:503-548, 1979; Taylor, Arkansas ferns and fern allies, 1984, p. 106).On 5 October, 1985, while surveying the status of Woodsia scopulina D. C. Eat. on Mt. Magazine, Ilocated 4 plants of D. carthusiana onthe northside of the mountain, near its summit, in the vicinity of Brown's Spring. This population, associated with three other fern species alsooccurring as peripheral populations (Dennstaedtia punctilobula [Michx.] Moore, Dryopteris marginalis [L.] Gray, and Woodsia scopulina D. C.Eat.), is most probably the population initiallydiscovered by Moore in 1924. Verification of the occurrence ofa Mt. Magazine population extendsthe known range of D carthusiana 300 km to the southwest of the Stone Co. population. The occurrence of this northern species in Arkansasappears to be related to "northern" environmental factors provided inLogan Co. by elevation (860 m) at the top of the tallest mountain in Arkan-sas and in Stone Co. by moderated, cool, moist air blowing froma cave entrance. Based on the known locations of D. carthusiana in Arkansas,it is most improbable that Lesquereau ever saw this species inArkansas during his travels; the earlier attributions of this species in the Arkansasflora must be considered spurius.This research was sponsored, in part, by the State of Arkansas' Nongame Preservation Program Committee, by a faculty research grantfrom Office of Research and Sponsored Programs, and by the College of Science, Office of Research, Science and Technology, at the Universityof Arkansas at Little Rock.JAMES H. PECK, Department ofBiology, University ofArkansas at LittleRock, LittleRock, AR 72204.A SURVEY OF THE INTERIOR LEAST TERN ON THE ARKANSAS AND WHITE RIVERS INARKANSASPotential tern sites were first identified by aerial surveillance and then explored by boat. The initial step involved a two-day helicopter searchfor evidence of nesting terns on the Arkansas River from LittleRock to the Oklahoma state line (26 June), and from Newport to St. Charles onthe White River and again on the Arkansas River from Lock and Dam #3 to Little Rock (27 June). Due to a need to refuel frequently, and thelimited availability of refueling stations, the lower 30 miles of the White River and the Arkansas River from its mouth to Lock and Dam #3 werenot surveyed from the air.Allpotential tern colonies identified by air on the Arkansas River, upstream from Little Rock, were visited by boat (1,2, and 8 July), andthe lower White River fromLock and Dam #1 to the Mississippi River and back up the Arkansas River to Dam #2 also was surveyed by boat (17 July).The helicopter, provided by the Corps of Engineers and piloted by Army Reserve pilots, flew at heights of 100 to200 feet above the groundat speeds of 30 to 75 m.p.h. Care was taken not to disturb tern colonies withprop wash. Visits to sandbars upstream from LittleRock were madein early morning (before 9:00 a.m.) and evening (after 6:30 p.m.) hours to avoid exposing young birds and eggs to the heat of the mid-day sun.However, sandbars on the lower White and Arkansas rivers were searched from the water in mid-day due to the late start of that survey.Four rookeries were observed, one of them previously known, on the Arkansas River above Little Rock, and one rookery was found at themouth of the Arkansas River. Approximately 80 adult least terns, 86 juveniles, and 40 eggs were counted at the fiverookeries. No terns were foundelsewhere on the Arkansas River or on the White.The rookery at river mile 147, located on a side channel bar (spoilbank), was surveyed three times. On 1 July, 14 adults and one downychick were found. No eggs or egg fragments were seen. A second trip to the ternery on 19 July proved more fruitful. Eight juvenile birds, sevenof which were highly mobile, and 16 adults were counted. On a third visit, made 27 July, two flying young of the year were seen, but only sixadults and no nests or flightless young. Though adults dive-bombing in one area of the spoilbank indicated that at least one nest was still active,94Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 40 [1986], Art. 34Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1986

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Dryopteris carthusiana at Mt. Magazine, Logan Co., Arkansas

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