Hackney, J. C.

Roberts, L. B.

English

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Journal of the Arkansas Academy of ScienceVolume 2 Article 201947Simple Ignition FurnacesL. B. RobertsUniversity of Arkansas at MonticelloJ. C. HackneyUniversity of Arkansas at MonticelloFollow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaasPart of the Other Chemistry CommonsThis article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able toread, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking priorpermission from the publisher or the author.This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academyof Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu, ccmiddle@uark.edu.Recommended CitationRoberts, L. B. and Hackney, J. C. (1947) "Simple Ignition Furnaces," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 2 , Article 20.Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol2/iss1/2057SIMPLE IGNITION FURNACESL. B. Roberts & J. C. Hackney, Arkansas A. & M. College, MonticelloIgnition furnaces which give performance comparable to ablast burner may be easily constructed from simple and economicalmaterials. The first type described uses an ordinary bunsen burn-er, and the second uses an open Jet flame from a blow-pipe or aglass jet.To construct the first type, the materials needed are one"tin" can of approximately one quart capacity, or smaller, and onepipe-stem triangle. The top of the can Is removed entirely. Ahole Is made In the bottom of the can by making two diagonal cuts,and bending the points In. This hole should be large enough toadmit the top of a bunsen burner and leave sufficient opening fordraft. The triangle Is mounted about the middle of the can bypushing the wires through three equidistant holes punched in theside of the can. This furnace Is mounted on an Iron ring so thatthe top of the bunsen burner is Just inside the opening of thecan.The second type of furnace Is Just like the first, exceptthat an additional single piece of pipe-stem is mounted about anInch and a half below the triangle. The purpose of this is tobreak the flow of gases, and allow the flame to strike the bottomof a crucible when held on the triangle. Otherwise, a mixture ofcold gases would strike the bottom of the crucible. The open Jet(either a metal blow-pipe or a home-made glass Jet) Is mountedabout two or three Inches below the bottom of the furnace. Theair-gas mixture Is adjusted by raising and lowering the Jet. Acompletely sootless flame Is easily produced by proper adjustment.After ten minutes operation of the first type furnace, a tem-perature of between 801° and 880° C- was produced within the cruci-ble. This was determined by the fact that sodium chloride (melt-ing point 801° C) melted, and sodium pyrophosphate (m.p. 880° Odid not melt. With the open Jet furnace, sodium pyrophosphatemelted within ten minutes, while potassium carbonate (m.p. 891° C.)did not melt. Actual temperatures obtained would be expected tovary with the type of gas, size of opening in the Jet, and theair-gas ratio.The open Jet furnace has been used successfully in place of ablast burner for such ignitions as the gravimetric determinationof iron as Fe 2O 3. The bunsen burner furnace has some tendency tosooting unless an unusually large amount of air is admitted to theburner. A higher temperature can be obtained by Insulating thefurnace with asbestos, or covering- It very loosely. Covering thefurnace also produces more uniform heating.Advantages of both types of furnaces are: nominal cost ofmaterials; ease of construction and operation; uniformity of heat-ing; and wide range of temperatures attainable.57Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 2 [1947], Art. 20Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 194758Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 2 [1947], Art. 20http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol2/iss1/20

Simple Ignition Furnaces

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Simple Ignition Furnaces

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