The special issue of Heat Transfer Engineering published selected papers from the 17th International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR) International Conference on Cooling Tower and Heat Exchanger, held in Gold Coast, Australia from September 7–11, 2015. The authors were invited to revise/upgrade their manuscripts and resubmit them according to the reviewers’ comments and the journal requirements. The special issue started with a paper on heat exchanger performance by Dai and others from Xi’an Jiaotong University, China. The authors reported the results of a thermoeconomic comparison of a basic organic Rankine cycle (ORC) with a parallel double-evaporator organic Rankine cycle

Guan, Zhiqiang

Gurgenci, Hal

Hooman, Kamel

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Heat Transfer Engineering
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Selected Papers From the 17th IAHR (International
Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering
and Research) International Conference on
Cooling Tower and Heat Exchanger
Kamel Hooman, Zhiqiang Guan & Hal Gurgenci
To cite this article: Kamel Hooman, Zhiqiang Guan & Hal Gurgenci (2016): Selected Papers
From the 17th IAHR (International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research)
International Conference on Cooling Tower and Heat Exchanger, Heat Transfer Engineering, DOI:
10.1080/01457632.2016.1216936
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HEAT TRANSFER ENGINEERING
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http://dx.doi.org/./..
GUEST EDITORIAL
Selected Papers From the th IAHR (International Association for
Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research) International Conference on
Cooling Tower and Heat Exchanger
Kamel Hooman , Zhiqiang Guan, and Hal Gurgenci
Queensland Geothermal Energy Centre of Excellence, School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Queensland, Australia
Cooling towers and heat exchangers are used in ther-
mal power plants, oil refineries, chemical plants, HVAC
(heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems, and
many other industries. A well-designed cooling system
can have a very significant positive impact on plant
profitability.
The past few decades have seen new technologies
developed for large cooling towers and air-cooled heat
exchangers used in fossil power plants. Some represen-
tative examples are the 200-m Niederaussem cooling
tower [1] and the Kusile power station in South Africa
with 6× 800 MW of dry cooling using air-cooled heat
exchangers [2]. A small natural draft cooling tower of
20 m was developed by the University of Queensland for
small-scale renewable power plants for remote Australian
communities [3]. Issues with the design of small natu-
ral draft cooling tower have been addressed by Lu et al.
[4, 5].
International gatherings provide the most effective
means to keep up with the state of the art in this area
because they facilitate direct and quick exchange of expe-
rience and provide access to firsthand narratives from
expert engineers dispersed around the world. Starting
with the first conference in 1978 in France, this 17th
conference was held in Gold Coast, Australia, during
September 7–11, 2015, and organized by the Queensland
Geothermal Energy Centre of Excellence (QGECE) of the
University of Queensland with support from the Indus-
trial Committee and Cooling Tower and Air-Cooled Heat
Exchanger working group of the International Associa-
tion for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research
(IAHR).
The conference has brought together academics,
researchers, cooling tower manufacturers, industrial
experts, suppliers, and power plant staff from all over
CONTACT Kamel Hooman k.hooman@uq.edu.au School ofMechanical andMining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane St. Lucia Campus,
Mansergh Shaw Building (#), Brisbane, QLD , Australia.
Color versions of one or more of the ﬁgures in this paper can be found online at www.tandfonline.com/uhte.
the world in various disciplines to address the latest
developments in cooling technologies, to exchange ideas,
and to open chances for cooperation. It gives a unique
opportunity for the participants to present the state-of-
the-art technologies in both cooling towers and air-cooled
heat exchangers.
Seventy-five delegates from 13 different countries
attended the conference and 68 high-quality papers
over a wide range of topics in cooling towers and
heat exchangers are included in the conference proceed-
ings. With the intensive program during the three days
of the conference, 64 papers were presented in seven
sessions.
In this special issue, we originally selected 20 papers
from the conference proceedings as candidates for
this special issue. These selected papers were then
sent to at least two reviewers for refereeing according
to the quality and the journal requirements. Among
the 20 papers being reviewed by different reviewers,
15 papers have been recommended for this special
issue by the reviewers. The authors were invited to
revise/upgrade their manuscripts and resubmit them
according to the reviewers’ comments and the journal
requirements.
The special issue starts with a paper on heat exchanger
performance by Dai et al. from Xi’an Jiaotong University,
China. The authors report the results of a thermo-
economic comparison of a basic organic Rankine cycle
(ORC)with a parallel double-evaporator organic Rankine
cycle. The working fluids R245fa and R600a are used in
their analysis and an increase of about 18% net power is
stated when using the parallel double-evaporator organic
Rankine cycle. Hosseini Araghi et al. from Edith Cowan
University, Australia, investigated a compact multistream
condenser on heat recovery for cogenerating water
©  Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
2 K. HOOMAN ET AL.
and power. They observe the multistream condenser
improving the exergy efficiency by 15% compared to a
configuration where two separate heat exchangers (con-
densers) are used. Kuruneru et al. from Queensland
University of Technology, Australia, presents a novel
and economical experiment method to assess industrial
aerosol deposition in various idealized porous channel
configurations. They found that the deposition patterns
differ with porosity. The study will assist engineers to bet-
ter optimise the designs of heat exchangers to minimise
the fouling. Kaya et al. from Ghent University, Belgium,
proposed an iterative heat exchanger designmethodology
that allows performing a design sensitivity analysis on a
V-shaped condenser within an input range of geometric
parameters and boundary conditions.
The cooling systems used by thermal power plants
include wet and dry cooling; each has its advantages and
disadvantages. Xia et al. from the University of Queens-
land, Australia, compared the water consumption of a
300-MWpower plant located in Luoyang, China, between
the wet and the hybrid cooling systems. They observe that
although the power plant using a dry cooling system could
save more than 95% of water, it increases the cost signifi-
cantlywith the dry cooling system.Therefore, each system
has its application and efforts have been made to improve
their performance. Roux and Reuter from Stellenbosch
University, South Africa, tested a new spray system that
aims to achieve a uniform water distribution on the fill
while operating at a low pressure head. The uniformwater
distribution increases the cooling tower performance.
Another paper in this special issue on improving wet
cooling tower performance is by Zhao et al. from China
Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research.
They built a numerical model to predict the performance
of natural draft wet cooling towers with water collectors
under the fill. The water collectors improve the airflow
into the fill so they increase the wet cooling performance.
One of the concerns with wet cooling towers is the growth
of Legionella that cause Legionnaires’ disease. Consuegro
et al. from Technical University of Cartagena, Spain, sim-
ulated the dispersion of drift from a wet cooling tower.
They modeled the urban environment of Murcia, the city
that experienced the largest recorded Legionella outbreak
in 2001. The predicted dispersion results reported in their
paper compare well against the actual epidemiological
data.
While dry cooling helps water conservation and envi-
ronmental protection, dry-cooled power plants suffer
lower efficiencies when the ambient air temperature is
high [6]. A Queensland coal seam gas (CSG) company
had problem with dry cooling in its gas processing plant.
When ambient temperature is high, the compressor
engine trips due to the low efficiency of the dry cool-
ing system. The paper by Lu et al. of the University
of Queensland, Australia, conducted an investigation
on the performance of the dry cooling system of this
CSG plant. Both a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
model and field instrumentations have been conducted,
and suggestions were made to improve the dry cooling
system of the plant. Another paper on enhancing the dry
cooling system was by Owen et al. from the University of
Stellenbosch, South Africa. They examined the benefits of
retrofitting an air-cooled condenser (ACC) with a hybrid
(dry/wet) dephlegmator. They concluded that the turbine
power output can be increased by up to 10.8% in certain
cases when a hybrid dephlegmator is attached to the
ACC.
China has undergone a rapid spell on large power plant
construction during the last two decades, and hundreds
natural draft cooling towers were built in this period. The
paper by Li et al. of Electric Power Planning and Engi-
neering Institute, China, presents a comprehensive report
on natural cooling tower statistics in China. They report
that a total of 495 natural draft cooling towers were built
before the end of September 2013. Among them, 455 are
wet natural draft cooling towers and 40 are dry natural
draft cooling towers. Zhao et al. from China Institute of
Water Resources and Hydropower Research studied the
cross-wind effect using three-dimensional (3D) numeri-
cal modeling, and Li from the same institute studied the
influence of flue gas discharge in the natural draft cooling
tower.
The reinforced concrete (RC) tower shells are designed
to provide sufficient bending and buckling strength,
and their erection requires high precision and the con-
trol of the shape and the wall thickness. Hara from
National Institute of Technology, Japan, investigated
the stress distributions on an RC cooling tower shell
under a lateral load with a nonuniform foundation
and relates the importance of the foundation prepa-
ration. The final paper, by Zhao et al. from Tongji
University, China, presents an improved multi-objective
equivalent static wind loads (ESWLs) method combin-
ing the wind vibration characteristics of large cool-
ing towers itself. The study demonstrates the rational-
ity and the efficacy of the method in cooling tower
applications.
As the guest editors of this special issue, we thank Pro-
fessor Afshin J. Ghajar, the editor-in-chief, for providing
us the opportunity of this special issue and for his dedi-
cated support for the entire process. We also express our
sincere gratitude to all reviewers, who have made valu-
able contributions in carefully evaluating the papers for
including in this special issue.
HEAT TRANSFER ENGINEERING 3
Notes on contributors
Kamel Hooman completed
his Ph.D. at the University of
Queensland. He is a teaching
and research (T&R) academic
staff member within the School
of Mechanical and Mining
Engineering. His research
interests are in thermofluids
and energy. He is the direc-
tor of QGECE (Queensland
Geothermal Energy Centre of
Excellence) and has a strong research record in the field of heat
transfer and energy. He is recognized worldwide for his work
on heat exchangers, which are essential technology for power
generation and energy management. He has pioneered the use
of metal foams in fuel cells, supercritical heat exchangers for
geo/solar thermal power plants, and scaling of natural draft dry
cooling towers.
Zhiqiang Guan is a senior
research fellow at the School of
Mechanical and Mining Engi-
neering of the University of
Queensland, Australia, and has
many years of industry expe-
rience in mining equipment
and structure design, dynamic
modeling, conditional moni-
toring, and reliability analysis.
His current research interests include natural draft cooling
systems design and analysis for solar thermal power plants,
CFDmodeling, heat exchanger design, hybrid cooling research,
and solar mirror cleaning.
Hal Gurgenci is a professor of
mechanical engineering at the
University of Queensland. He
has been involved with mining
and energy research in various
industry and academic appoint-
ments, starting in 1982 with a
QE2 fellowship in the area of
solar energy. His past accolades
include a 1986 Australian Design
Award; a 2003 Commendation
by the Engineers Australia Queensland; and an ACARP
Research Excellence Award in 2005. He was the founding direc-
tor for the Queensland Geothermal Energy Centre of Excel-
lence. The center is now globally recognized through its work
on novel renewable thermal power generation. He is a lead
researcher in the Australian Solar Thermal Research Initia-
tive, the $87-million national program announced in 2013.
ORCID
Kamel Hooman http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0282-7960
References
[1] Krätzig, W. B., Harte, R., and Wörmann, R., Large
Shell Structures For Power Generation Technologies,
Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Com-
putation of Shell and Spatial Structures IASS-IACM
2008, May 28–31, 2008, Cornell University, Ithaca,
NY.
[2] Lennon S., Advances in Dry Cooling Deployed at South
African Power Stations, available at http://mydocs.
epri.com/docs/SummerSeminar11/Presentations/04-04_
Lennon_Eskom_Dry_Cooling_v3.pdf.
[3] Russell, H., Hooman, K., and Guan, Z., Design, Construc-
tion and Early Testing of a 1-MW Natural Draft Dry
Cooling Tower, Proceedings of 17th IAHR International
Conference on Cooling Tower and Heat Exchanger, Gold
Coast, Queensland, Australia, September 7–11, pp. 527–
534, 2015.
[4] Lu, Y., Guan, Z., Gurgenci, H., and Zou, Z., Wind-
break Walls Reverse the Negative Effect of Cross-
wind in Short Natural Draft Dry Cooling Towers
Into a Performance Enhancement, International Jour-
nal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 63, pp. 162–170,
2013.
[5] Lu, Y., Gurgenci, H., Guan, Z., and He, S., The Influence of
Windbreak Wall Orientation on the Cooling Performance
of Small Natural Draft Dry Cooling Towers, International
Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 79, pp. 1059–1069,
2014.
[6] KrögerD.G.,Air-CooledHeat Exchangers andCooling Tow-
ers, Volume I, PennWell, Tulsa, OK, 2004.


Selected papers from the 17th IAHR (International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research) International Conference on Cooling Tower and Heat Exchanger

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