The observational properties of Soft Gamma Repeaters and Ano\-malous X-ray
Pulsars (SGR/AXP) indicate to necessity of the energy source different from a
rotational energy of a neutron star. The model, where the source of the energy
is connected with a magnetic field dissipation in a highly magnetized neutron
star (magnetar) is analyzed. Some observational inconsistencies are indicated
for this interpretation. The alternative energy source, connected with the
nuclear energy of superheavy nuclei stored in the nonequilibrium layer of low
mass neutron star is discussed.Comment: 29 pages, 13 figures, Springer International Publishing Switzerland
2016 A.W. Alsabti, P. Murdin (eds.), Handbook of Supernova
