A combined hydro- and pyrometallurgical process for REE recovery from used permanent magnets

Abstract

International audienceRare earth elements (REE) have become essential for our modern economy, in relation to the development of new energy and communication technologies. Albeit being considered today as the most critical raw materials group with the highest supply risk, the recycling of REE from electronic waste and end-of-life products (permanent NdFeB magnets, Ni-MH batteries etc.) is almost inexistent. Therefore, a large research effort is needed for overcoming the current scientific and technological issues and improving the recycling efficiency. Innovative, eco-designed processes have to be developed, which require extensive RandD effort from basic research to technological developments