Surveillance de polluants émergents dans des eaux de surface. Calibration de 25 perturbateurs endocriniens et de 17 pharmaceutiques avec le POCIS et le Chemcatcher et détermination de PRC potentiels

Abstract

International audienceIn response to the increase of the number of organic pollutants identified in surface waters, multi-residue analytical strategies using concentration steps have been used for the analysis of grab water samples. Recently, integrative sampling systems more realistic of environmental exposition have been designed to measure mean concentrations of xenobiotics and to estimate their toxicological effects on the environment and on human health. The ability to use two integrative samplers for the monitoring of endocrine disruptors and pharmaceuticals has been evaluated. Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers (POCIS) in “Pharmaceutical” configuration and Chemcatcher with C18 SPE disks and diffusion membrane have been rigorously calibrated for 43 organic pollutants. Samplers have been exposed for 28 days in a 50 L tank with continuous renewal of spiked solutions. Performance Reference Compounds (PRCs) have also been investigated. To our knowledge, this is the first comparison performed for more than 40 molecules between POCIS and Chemcatcher with 3 potential PRCs proposed for each sampler. Most of the compounds of interest accumulate with a relatively good linearity (R² from 0.90 to 0.99) for 21 to 28 days on POCIS. Chemcatcher also gave acceptable accumulation linearity (R²>0.90) but reached equilibrium more rapidly than POCIS (11 to 14 days depending on molecules). Sampling rates calculated for POCIS (0.03 to 0.29 L/d) are often higher than for Chemcatcher (0.01 to 0.25 L/d). 3 molecules per sampler showed relatively good exponential correlations during the desorption study: R2 from 0.89 to 0.96 for POCIS and from 0.95 to 0.99 for Chemcatcher. A second calibration study reinforced data for the behaviour of samplers between 0 and 11 days of exposure and confirmed the ability to use the 6 molecules proposed as potential PRCs