The Impact of a Unionised Labour Market in a Schumpeterian Growth Model

Abstract

This paper extends the seminal creative destruction growth model of Aghion/Howitt (1992) to investigate the relationship between unemployment and growth. We distinguish low-skilled and high-skilled labour and assume that a union bargains over the low-skilled labour wage. This causes unemployment, but the growth e ect is ambiguous. On the one hand the higher wage will squeeze expected pro ts of innovators, which is bad for growth. On the other hand the union a ects the marginal product of high-skilled labour and hence the high-skilled wage in the manufacturing sector declines. This causes a "migration" of high-skilled labour from the manufacturing into the research sector. This e ect is growth enhancing. We show that the overall e ect depends crucially on the elasticity of substitution between high-skilled and low-skilled labour. With an elasticity less than one the "good" growth e ect dominates the bad, and vice versa. In the Cobb Douglas case the two e ects cancel out.Labour Unions, Unemployment, Growth, R&D