Bryan, J.

Davis, C.R.

Hodgson, J.M.

Murphy, K.J.

Wilson, C.

Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism

Elsevier - Publisher Connector 

Abstracts / Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 4 (2016) 6e4730Conclusions: Analysis showed substantial compositional differences be-
tween CPPE and BPPE, nevertheless they both displayed similar anti-in-
ﬂammatory properties which may be useful as an alternative/additive
therapeutic strategy against inﬂammation diseases like ulcerative colitis.
Funding source(s): National Science Foundation of China.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN DIETARY FLAVONOID INTAKE AND GUT
MICROBIOTA IN A GROUP OF ADULTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS (CF)
L. Li 1, S. Somerset 1,2. 1 School of Medicine, Grifﬁth University, QLD, Australia;
2 School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, QLD, Australia
E-mail address: li.li14@grifﬁthuni.edu.au (L. Li)
Background/Aims: Intakes of certain ﬂavonoids inﬂuence gut microbiota
and immune functions. Aberrations in CF gut microbiota have been re-
ported and may link to CF airway microbiota and respiratory complica-
tions. Relationships between ﬂavonoid intakes and gut microbiota in
adults with CF were therefore investigated.
Methods: Flavonoid intakes of 16 free-living adults with CF were esti-
mated using a validated ﬂavonoid-speciﬁc food frequency questionnaire.
Extracted faecal sample DNA was sequenced using 454 pyrosequencing
targeting the bacterial 16-small subunit ribosomal DNA V1-V3 regions.
Sequences were assembled and taxonomy assigned using the Quantitative
Insights Into Microbial Ecology pipeline, and unweighted and weighted
UniFrac distances between samples calculated. Associations between the
gut microbiota variations based on these distances and standardised di-
etary ﬂavonoid intakes were analysed using adonis test. Flavonoids sig-
niﬁcant at a false discovery rate (FDR)¼0.3 were subjected to Spearman
correlation tests with standardised relative abundances of bacterial taxa
(FDR ¼ 0.3).
Results: Gallocatechin intakes (p ¼ 0.047, q ¼ 0.285) correlated with
overall gut microbiota variations using unweighted UniFrac distances, and
apigenin (p ¼ 0.028, q ¼ 0.227) and kaempferol (p ¼ 0.029, q ¼ 0.227)
intakes and %ﬂavones (p¼ 0.013, q¼ 0.227) and % ﬂavonols (p¼ 0.016, q¼
0.227), both excluding tea, correlated with weighted UniFrac distances.
Gallocatechin intakes correlated positively with genus Actinomyces and
family Actinomycetaceae (Actinobacteria), and negatively with class Cor-
iobacteriia (Actinobacteria).
Conclusions: Intakes of certain ﬂavonoids may be associated with gut
microbiota variations, presenting implications for metabolism, immune
function and inﬂammation which affect CF co-morbidity management.
Funding source(s): NHMRC, Australian Cystic Fibrosis Research Trust.
TEA AND FLAVONOID INTAKE IN RELATION TO OSTEOPOROTIC
FRACTURE RISK IN ELDERLY AUSTRALIAN WOMEN
J. Hodgson 1, G. Myers 2, R. Prince 1, D. Kerr 2, A. Devine 3, R. Woodman 4, J.
Lewis 5. 1University of Western Australia, WA, Australia; 2Curtin University,
WA, Australia; 3 Edith Cowan University, WA, Australia; 4 Flinders
University, SA, Australia; 5University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
E-mail address: jonathan.hodgson@uwa.edu.au (J. Hodgson)
Background/Aims: Observational studies have linked tea drinking, a ma-
jor source of dietary ﬂavonoids, with higher bone density. The objective of
this study was to examine the associations of black tea drinking and
ﬂavonoid intake with fracture risk in a prospective cohort of women aged
over 75 years.
Methods: A total of 1,188 womenwere assessed for habitual dietary intake
with a food frequency and beverage questionnaire. Incidence of osteopo-
rotic fracture requiring hospitalization was determined through the
Western Australian Hospital Morbidity Data system. Multivariable
adjusted Cox regression was used to examine the hazard ratios (HR) for
incident fracture.
Results: Over 10 years of follow up, osteoporotic fractures were identiﬁed
in 288 (24.2%) women, of which 129 (10.9%) were a hip fracture. Compared
to the lowest tea intake category ( 1 cup/week), consumption of 3 cups/
day was associated with a 30% decrease in the risk of any osteoporotic
fracture (HR: 0.70; 95%CI: 0.50, 0.96). Compared to women in the lowest
tertile of total ﬂavonoid intake women in the highest tertile had a lower
risk of any osteoporotic fracture (HR: 0.65; 95%CI: 0.47, 0.88) or hip fracture(HR: 0.58; 95%CI: 0.36, 0.95). For speciﬁc classes of ﬂavonoids, reductions
in fracture risk were observed for higher intake of ﬂavonols with any
osteoporotic fracture, and ﬂavones with hip fracture (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:Higher intake of black tea and particular classes of ﬂavonoids
were associated with lower risk of fracture-related hospitalizations in
elderly women at high risk of fracture.
Funding source(s): Healthway; NHMRC.
RIPE FOR THE PICKING: ANTHOCYANIN CONTENT OF WASTE FRUIT
VERSUS FIRST GRADE FRUIT IN AUSTRALIAN SWEET CHERRIES
M.L. Blackhall, R. Berry, J.T. Walls. University of Tasmania, TAS, Australia
E-mail address: melanie.blackhall@utas.edu.au (M.L. Blackhall)
Background/Aims: Approximately 16000 tonnes of sweet cherries are
produced annually in Australia, however growers estimate that 20 to 50%
of each season’s crop is unﬁt for market. As cherries are known to be rich in
bioactive compounds, the recovery and conversion of this waste fruit into
value-added products is attractive for both economic and environmental
reasons. The aim of this research was to compare the anthocyanin content
and proﬁle of third grade (waste) Prunus avium ‘Lapins’ cherries with that
from ﬁrst grade fruit.
Methods: Anthocyanins were extracted from ﬁrst and third grade 'Lapins'
cherries and analysed via UPLC. Differences in anthocyanin proﬁle and
total anthocyanin content (TAC) were identiﬁed. In addition, the effect of
storage on the TAC of the waste fruit was determined.
Results: No differences in the anthocyanin proﬁles of the two grades of
fruit were identiﬁed. The TAC of waste ‘Lapins’ cherries was 385 mg/100 g
freshweight (FW), 43% higher than that of ﬁrst grade cherries (269mg/100
g fresh weight). Whilst storage at -80oC for 3 months resulted in a sig-
niﬁcant decrease in the TAC of waste cherries (p ¼ 0.002), it remained
higher than that of fresh ﬁrst grade cherries.
Conclusions: Third grade ‘Lapins’ cherries contain a signiﬁcantly higher
concentration of anthocyanins than ﬁrst grade fruit, with a TAC exceeding
those previously reported for sweet cherries. As such, there is much scope
as to the application of current waste cherry fruit and their potential as a
rich source of anthocyanins.
Funding source(s): Researcher in Business Grant.
FOLLOWING A MEDITERRANEAN DIET FOR 6 MONTHS REDUCES
OXIDATIVE STRESS IN OLDER AUSTRALIANS: RESULTS FROM THE
MEDLEY STUDY
K.J. Murphy 1, C.R. Davis 1, J. Bryan 2, C. Wilson 3, J.M. Hodgson 4. 1Alliance
for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Uni. of South Australia, SA,
Australia; 2 School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, Uni. of
South Australia, SA, Australia; 3 Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer,
School of Medicine, Flinders Uni., SA, Australia; 4 School of Medicine and
Pharmacology, Uni. of Western Australia, WA, Australia
E-mail address: karen.murphy@unisa.edu.au (K.J. Murphy)
Background/Aims: The MedLey trial is a 6 month dietary intervention
study comparing the effects of a traditional Mediterranean diet (MedDiet)
with habitual diet on cardiovascular risk factors and cognitive perfor-
mance in Australians aged 65 years and over. We aim to present the effect
of a MedDiet versus a habitual diet (HabDiet) on an oxidative stress
biomarker (F2-isoprostane; PGF2a).
Methods: One hundred and ﬁfty-two volunteers (mean age 71 ± 5 years)
were randomly assigned to follow either a MedDiet (n ¼ 80) or continue
their habitual diet (HabDiet; n ¼ 72) (control) for 6 months. Plasma PGF2a
was measured by GC-MS at baseline and 3 and 6 months. Data were
analysed using a linear mixed effects model with age and gender as
covariates.
Results: One hundred and thirty-seven volunteers completed the trial (n¼
70 MedDiet, n ¼ 67 HabDiet). Mean plasma PGF2a values for the MedDiet
group were 808.5 ± 27.5, 729.3 ± 26.7, 730.4 ± 50.0 pmol/L, at baseline, 3
and 6 months, respectively. Mean plasma PGF2a values for the HabDiet
group were 787.8 ± 34.8, 805.9 ± 32.9, 776.4 ± 33.5 pmol/L, at baseline, 3
and 6 months, respectively. There was a signiﬁcant change over time
within the MedDiet group (p < 0.0001, 95% CI 34.8, 109.3) however, there
Abstracts / Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 4 (2016) 6e47 31was no signiﬁcant difference over time for the HabDiet group, nor was
there any difference between dietary groups.
Conclusions: Following a traditional MedDiet for 6 months may help
reduce oxidative stress in vivo in older Australians which may assist with
healthy vascular function and cognitive ageing.
Funding source(s): NHMRC.
POSTER SESSION 1.
A METHODOLOGICAL APPRAISAL OF POSTPRANDIAL VASCULAR
FUNCTION FOLLOWING OGTT IN MIDDLE-EASTERN MEN
A. Alyami 1, M.J. Soares 1, J.L. Sherriff 1, F. Coombes 2. 1Nutrition, Dietetics &
Food Technology, Curtin University, WA, Australia; 2University Health Service,
Curtin University, WA, Australia
E-mail address: yami.ali2002@gmail.com (A. Alyami)
Background/Aims: Vascular function is inﬂuenced by meal ingestion. We
determined whether different time-points of observation were equivalent
in detecting postprandial changes.
Methods: Twenty-two Middle Eastern adult men aged 29 (5.3) y and
percent fat 32 (8.9) were studied after a two day avoidance of vigorous
physical activity, an overnight fast and a mandatory 30 min rest in bed. All
recordings were made in the supine position, at fasting and every 15 min
for 2 h following a 75 g OGTT. Blood pressure and heart rate was monitored
through a semi-automated device and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was
calculated. Endothelial function (EF) was assessed through pulse contour
analysis that provided stiffness index (SI) and reﬂective index (RI). Inte-
grated area under the curve (iAUC) was calculated by the trapezoid rule for
15 min and 30 min time-points.
Results: There was a signiﬁcant drop in RI and an increase in HR following
OGTT that was detected by both methods. There was no difference be-
tween methods on a paired t-test (iAUC-15 vs. iAUC-30) in RI [-11.2 (18.7)
vs. -10.0 (17.4)%; p ¼ 0.29], SI [-0.15 (1.7) vs. -0.14 (1.4) m/sec, p ¼ 0.39], HR
[+6.1 (5.8) vs. +5.9 (6.4) beats/min; p ¼ 0.69] and MAP [1.8 (11.2) vs. 1.7
(10.9) mmHg, p ¼ 0.80]. Mean differences between methods were unre-
lated to the average of the two for all parameters. ICC for SI, RI, HR andMAP
were 0.99, 0.96, 0.95 and 0.99, respectively.
Conclusions: The time-points of iAUC were equivalent for postprandial
vascular function in this group.
Funding source(s): N/A.
EFFECT OF PROCESSING ON NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF DIFFERENT PARTS
OF ROOT AND TUBER CROPS AS LIVESTOCK FEED
B.B. Babatunde. Department of Animal Husbandry, College of Agriculture
Fisheries and Forestry Fiji National University Koronivia, Suva, Fiji
E-mail address: bukola9465@hotmail.com (B.B. Babatunde)
Background/Aims: To investigate the effect of processing on nutritional
value of root and tuber crops as livestock feed resources.
Methods: Fresh potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, yam and dalo pur-
chased from the market were washed and cut into slices. Fresh slices of
peeled, unpeeled and peels of root and tubers were divided into three
equal parts. One part was analysed for chemical composition as fresh
samples, while remaining two parts were oven dried at 60 oC and sundried
respectively. Sundried and oven dried samples were also analysed for
chemical composition respectively in a 5  3  3 factorial experiment and
data were expressed on as-fed basis. Interaction between type of tuber
crop, component parts and processing on nutrient concentration was
tested using three-way ANOVA.
Results: No difference (p > 0.05) was found in the moisture content of
fresh sample results between root and tuber crops parts. However, there
are signiﬁcant interaction effects (p < 0.05) between the type of tuber crop,
part of tuber crop and processing methods for dry matter, ash, crude
protein, crude ﬁbre and soluble carbohydrate fractions. Sundried potato
and sweet potato peels have higher signiﬁcant (p < 0.05) protein content
(11.5%) than other parts of root crops. Equally, soluble carbohydrate frac-
tions of sundried yam and dalo were signiﬁcantly higher (p < 0.05) than
potato, sweet potato and cassava.
Conclusions: Processing method affect nutrient composition of root andtuber crops.
Funding source(s): Fiji National University.
24-HOUR URINARY IODINE CONCENTRATION AND 24 H URINARY
IODINE EXCRETION IN A SAMPLE OF AUSTRALIAN PRIMARY SCHOOL
CHILDREN
K. Beckford 1, C. Grimes 1, C. Margerison 1, L. Riddell 1, C. Nowson 1, S.
Skeaff 2. 1Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin
University, VIC, Australia; 2Department of Human Nutrition, University of
Otago, New Zealand
E-mail address: kbec@deakin.edu.au (K. Beckford)
Background/Aims: The most common method for determining a pop-
ulation’s iodine status is median Urinary Iodine Concentration (UIC)
determined in spot urine samples. Urinary Iodine Excretion (UIE)
derived from 24-hour urine collections is likely to provide a more ac-
curate measure of iodine status as it captures variations in excretion
over the whole day, however few surveys have utilised 24-hour urine
collections to determine UIC. We aimed to assess UIC (mg/L) and UIE (mg/
day) in 24-hour urine collections obtained from a sample of Victorian
primary schoolchildren and to determine whether the sample is iodine
sufﬁcient, when compared with World Health Organisation (WHO)
guidelines.
Methods: As part of a cross-sectional study, 24-hour urine samples were
collected from primary school children aged 5-12 years from 42 schools
across Victoria, Australia between 2010-2013.
Results: The sample included 650 children, 359 boys and 291 girls [mean
(SD) age 9.3 (1.8) years]. The mean urine volume was 873 (424) mL. The
mean UIE and median (IQR) UIC were 104 (54) mg/day and 124 (83,172) mg/
L respectively. Boys were found to have signiﬁcantly higher mean UIE
compared to girls (112 vs. 93, p < 0.0001). The median UIC of the children
falls between 100-199 mg/L, indicating adequate iodine status. Using UIC
36% of participants were classiﬁed as having a UIC less than 100 mg/L, with
only 8% less than 50 mg/L.
Conclusions: In comparison with WHO guidelines for assessing the iodine
status of a population, this group of Victorian school children is iodine
sufﬁcient.
Funding source(s): Australian Postgraduate Award, NHF of Australia,
Helen MacPherson Smith Trust Fund.
A RAT MODEL FOR DETERMINING POSTPRANDIAL RESPONSES TO
FOODS
D.P. Belobrajdic, J. Wei, A.R. Bird. CSIRO, Adelaide, SA, Australia
E-mail address: damien.belobrajdic@csiro.au (D.P. Belobrajdic)
Background/Aims: Rodent models for investigating postprandial plasma
nutrient responses are limited by blood collection volume. We aimed to
develop a rat model that overcomes that shortcoming and evaluate its
performance in an acute metabolic study.
Methods: Rats trained to eat meals had a temporary or permanent
indwelling catheter inserted in the jugular or caudal (tail) vein, respec-
tively. Multiple blood samples were collected before and after con-
sumption of a white bread test meal (containing 0.4 or 1.25 g carbo-
hydrate) and analysed for glucose and insulin. Effects of meal timing
(start or end of the dark period), anaesthesia recovery time and portion
size were evaluated.
Results: Both meals raised blood glucose concentration and the level
remained above baseline at the end of the sampling period (3 h) in rats fed
the larger (1.25 g) but not smaller (0.4 g) carbohydrate load. The glycemic
response tended to be higher when the meal test was conducted at the
start rather than the end of the dark period (p ¼ 0.063) whereas the
insulinemic response was unaffected. The postprandial glycemic response
was consistently less for caudal vein blood than jugular (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: This model enabled multiple blood samples to be taken from
unrestrained animals to assess the glycemic response to a standardised
meal. The shape of the glucose response curve is consistent with that
observed in people. This model provides a new opportunity to investigate
postprandial nutrient bioavailability and metabolic responses to food


Following a Mediterranean diet for 6 months reduces oxidative stress in older Australians: Results from the MedLey study 

K.J. Murphy

C.R. Davis

J. Bryan

C. Wilson

J.M. Hodgson

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Following a Mediterranean diet for 6 months reduces oxidative stress in older Australians: Results from the MedLey study

Following a Mediterranean diet for 6 months reduces oxidative stress in older Australians: Results from the MedLey study

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