早大学位記番号:新7750早稲田大

Martinez Sires  Paula

早稲田大学博士（国際コミュニケーション学）早大学位記番号:新7750doctoral thesi

マルティネス シレス, パウラ

75004

Martinez Sires , Paula

Waseda University Repository

Graduate School of InternationalCulture and Communication StudiesExamination Report on the Doctoral DissertationApplicantStudent ID 5615D008NameMARTINEZ SIRES, Paula( Last Name / (Middle Name) / First Name )DissertationTitle・Subtitle：（English）HIGUCHI ICHIYO IN MODERN JAPANESEAND EUROPEAN DRESS:MODERN JAPANESE VERSIONS(GENDAIGOYAKU) OF HIGUCHI ICHIYO’STAKEKURABE AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPWITH ENGLISH, CASTILIAN SPANISH ANDCATALAN TRANSLATIONSDissertationTitle・Subtitle：（Japanese）「現代日本とヨーロッパにおける樋口一葉」「樋口一葉の『たけくらべ』の現在語訳とその英語、スペイン語とカタルーニャ語の翻訳との関係性」*If the dissertation title is changed after the oral defense, please insert the changed title.*Even if the dissertation is written in English, a Japanese language translation of the titleand subtitle must also be submitted.2018/2/6YYYY/MM/DDTo Dean of Graduate School of InternationalCulture and Communication Studies,Examination CommitteeChief Examiner ADRIAN PINNINGTON 印 Signature（Affiliation・Title： GSICCS, PROFESSOR ）Sub-Examiner Graham Law 印 Signature（Affiliation・Title： GSICCS / PROFESSOR ）Sub-Examiner Shigeko Mato 印 Signature（Affiliation・Title： SILS, PROFESSOR）The Examination Committee members report the results of the dissertationexamination and the oral defense below.1．Degree：Doctor of Philosophy (in International Culture and Communication Studies)2．Curriculum Doctorate (Katei Hakase)3．Examination periodDissertation examination： From 2017/11/17 To 2018/1/30YYYY/MM/DD YYYY/MM/DDOral defense： 2018/1/13YYYY/MM/DD４．The results of the dissertation examination and the oral defense*Please write down Pass or Fail in both categories.Dissertation examination：PassOral defense：Pass５． Summary of the DissertationAs per attached sheet６． Table of ContentsAs per attached sheet７．The results of the dissertation examination and the oral defense(About 3,000 characters in Japanese or 1,000 words in English)（１） Evaluation and summary of the dissertation examination(Including Summary of the Dissertation)As per attached sheet（２） Summary of the oral defense (including Comments and Questions)As per attached sheet7 The results of the dissertation examination and the oral defense (Including Summaryof the Dissertation)(1) Evaluation and summary of the dissertation examinationThe examiners agreed that the dissertation was of high quality and interesting,although there were some reservations about the organization of the work. Thedissertation consists of an Introduction, Part I, Part II, Part III, and a Conclusion. ThIntroduction explained the motivation for the research, and introduced the life andwork of Higuchi Ichiyo. The research was designed to carry out, within the field ofTranslation Studies, an investigation and comparison between modern Japanesetranslations (‘gendaigoyaku’) and English, Spanish and Catalan translations of a shortstory by Higuchi Ichiyo, ‘Takekurabe’. Part I described the theoretical framework andmethodology of the study. With the aim of placing modern Japanese translations ofclassical literary works within the framework of translation studies, the field and themain theories in translation studies, especially Descriptive Translation Studies, wereintroduced and discussed. Further, the state of translation studies in Japan wasintroduced. The overall conclusion was that, although modern Japanese translationscould be seen as an example of ‘intralingual translation’ as defined by Jakobson, hisdefinition was too hermetic and overlooked the important parallels, in terms of bothapproach and technique, with interlingual translation. The candidate then discussedthe importance of paratexts, such as covers, introductions and footnotes, to ascertainingthe degree of ‘otherness’ evidenced in both kinds of translation. These paratexts can inturn be related to the translation strategies adopted in the different translations. PartII then turned to an examination of six different modern Japanese translations of thetext to measure the level of otherness, taking into account both paratexts and the text.The prefaces were examined to bring out the different approaches to translating theoriginal text, with some adopting a more foreignising approach and others a moredomesticating approach. In general, all the translators stressed the aim of bringingreaders back to the original text, a concern not evident in the interlingual translations.A detailed analysis of the footnotes according to a typology based on earlier work intranslation studies supported these claims, as did a close textual analysis of strategiesadopted by the translators in their texts. In general, analysis showed that texts andparatexts supported each other in the degree of otherness evidenced in the translations.Part III then turned to consider the interlingual translations. Three English, threeSpanish and two Catalan translations were analyzed and compared. In general, thecovers were foreignising, but not exoticising, and the prefaces and postfaces did notdiscuss translation techniques so much as the original context of the story. Examinationalso revealed that the Spanish translations in particular seemed to have relied to somedegree on modern Japanese translations. Footnotes, too, were predominantlyethnographic, that is, devoted to explaining features of Japanese culture and lifestylerelevant to the texts. In terms of translation strategies, the slightly surprising resultwas that whereas the Catalan and Spanish texts were largely foreignising, the Englishversions were all domesticating in approach. In the Conclusion, these results weresummarized and it was argued that the dissertation had succeeded in its aim ofdeveloping a theoretical framework that would allow for the analysis of modernJapanese translations of classical literary texts within translation studies.(2) Summary of the oral defenseThe examiners agreed that the dissertation represented a thorough and impressivepiece of research, although all examiners felt that some of the material in the thesiscould have been relegated to appendices. In the end, it was agreed that, in the spirit ofDescriptive Translation Studies, the candidate’s approach was acceptable in a PhDthesis, but in a book much of the evidence could be moved to appendices or omitted.Professor Law prepared a list of typographical errors and also made some commentsabout the theory. He also pointed to some useful information concerning the firstEnglish translation, by Nobunaga Seizo, which the candidate was able to follow up andincorporate in the final version of the thesis. Professor Mato raised the issue of thenotion of the ‘other’ in the thesis and made some suggestions for improving thediscussion. Pinnington also took up this question and asked for clarification concerningthe distinction between ‘foreignising’ and ‘exoticising’. There was also a generaldiscussion of the use of prescriptive and descriptive approaches in translation studies.The examiners concluded by congratulating the candidate on the generally high qualityof the thesis.Following the oral defense, the candidate made the revisions to the dissertationsuggested by the examiners, and the resubmitted thesis was then checked and therevisions ascertained by the examiners.

HIGUCHI ICHIYO IN MODERN JAPANESE AND EUROPEAN DRESS : Modern Japanese versions (gendaigoyaku) of Higuchi Ichiyo's Takekurabe and their Relationship with English, Castilian Spanish and Catalan Translations

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