Cannella, V.

Console, A.

Conte, A.

Di Bella, C.

Di Bella, S.

Di Marco, P.

Guercio, A.

Mira, F.

Purpari, G.

Savini, G.

Vullo, S.

Zammuto, G.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Elsevier - Publisher Connector 

Study of antibody dynamics in horses vaccinated against West Nile Virus (WNV) 

468 17th International Congress on Infectious Diseases / International Journal of Infectious Diseases 45S (2016) 1–477
positive for B.mallei. Beside of these, in Gimza stained tissue sec-
tions were observed beaded bacterium, by immunohistochemistry
were detected B.mallei.
Conclusion: Equine glanders cases, with clear symptoms, iso-
lation and identiﬁcation of B.mallei are indicating that glanders is
re-emerging with potential risks on public health in Mongolia.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.989
Type: Poster Presentation
Final Abstract Number: 43.254
Session: Poster Session III
Date: Saturday, March 5, 2016
Time: 12:45-14:15
Room: Hall 3 (Posters & Exhibition)
Mozambique experience in implementing One
Health Surveillance as an innovative tool to
understand the risk of spillover of emerging
and zoonotic infections between wildlife and
humans
E.S. Gudo1,∗, J. Fafetine2, P. Alho3, A. Muianga3,
S. Ali 3, G. Pinto3, A. Tivane3, V. Monteiro3, L.
Neves4
1 National Institute of Health, Maputo, Maputo,
Mozambique
2 Veterunary Faculty and Biotechnology Center from
Eduardo Nondlane university, Maputo, Mozambique
3 National Institute of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
4 Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases,
Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria,
MaputoDepartment of Veterinary, Mozambique
Background: Zoonotic diseases are in the forefront position of
emerging diseases, accounting for 70% of emerging diseasesworld-
wide as a consequence of rapid deforestation, intense globalization,
unplanned urbanization and globalwarming.Mozambique is a vast
country, where rapid and unplanned urbanization is common, pos-
ing the risk for spill over of diseases from animals to humans. In
2012, Ministry of Health in collaboration with Faculty of Veteri-
nary from Eduardo Mondlane University and Biotechnology Center
established the ﬁrst one health sentinel site to conduct research
and surveillance in the interface between wildlife and humans.
Methods&Materials: The OneHealth sentinel surveillance site
was established in Caia District, a rural area situated in Zambeze
valley in the central part of the country. This district was selected
because of the following characteristics, i) intense contact between
humans and wildlife, ii) high vulnerability for ﬂooding, iii) abun-
dance of domestic animals such as cattle, pigs and poultry, and also
abundance of breeding places for mosquitoes. The one health sen-
tinel surveillance in Caia comprised three key pillars, i) surveillance
of zoonotic diseases in febrile patients attended at the local district
hospital, ii) surveillance of zoonotic diseases in cattle, pigs, poul-
try and micro mammals (bats and rodents) and iii) entomologic
investigation mostly in mosquitoes and ticks.
Results: We assessed the following indicators: number of post
graduation students involved, number of projects initiated, num-
ber samples collected, number of report generated and number of
manuscripts published. A total of 2 PhD students and 4 Msc stu-
dents from different disciplines, such as entomologists, biologists,
veterinarians, medical doctors and epidemiologists are conducting
their thesis in this site. An estimated 1000 serum sampleswere col-
lected from febrile patients. Mosquitoes were collected as part two
PhD thesis. Two project that will investigate zoonosis in poultry
and cattle will start in February 2016.
Conclusion: After two years of implementation of this project,
we conclude that establishment of One Health surveillance sites
represents a strong platform to conduct transdisciplinary research
combining human, veterinary and entomological data, so that to
improveour knowledgeon the risk of spillover of zoonotic diseases.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.990
Type: Poster Presentation
Final Abstract Number: 43.255
Session: Poster Session III
Date: Saturday, March 5, 2016
Time: 12:45-14:15
Room: Hall 3 (Posters & Exhibition)
Study of antibody dynamics in horses
vaccinated against West Nile Virus (WNV)
G. Purpari1, G. Savini2, A. Conte3, F. Mira4, P. Di
Marco1, V. Cannella1, G. Zammuto5, A. Console6,
C. Di Bella4, S. Vullo7, S. Di Bella4, A. Guercio1,∗
1 Istituto Zooproﬁlattico Sperimentale della Sicilia,
Palermo, Italy, Italy
2 Istituto G. Caporale Teramo, Teramo, Italy
3 Istituto G. Caporale, Teramo, Italy, Teramo, Italy
4 Istituto Zooproﬁlattico Sperimentale della Sicilia A.
Mirri, Palermo, Italy
5 Centro Ippico Militare Reggimento Lancieri Di
Aosta della Caserma Generale Cascino, Palermo,
Italy, Palermo, Italy
6 Istituto Sperimentale Zootecnico per la Sicilia, Italy,
Palermo, Italy
7 Istituto Zooproﬁlattico Sperimentale della Sicilia,
Palermo, Italy
Background: WNV is an RNA virus belonging to Flaviviridae
family, transmitted by mosquitoes, causing zoonosis. Humans and
horses are dead-end hosts. To date, there is no cure for the dis-
ease. The prevention can be achieved minimizing the exposure to
the vector or through vaccination in equine species. In Italy, two
vaccines are authorized: the “EquipWNV - Pﬁzer” (inactivated vac-
cine, VM-2 strain) and the “ProteqWestNile -Merial” (recombinant
canarypox virus, vCP2017 strain, that expresses the WNV prM/prE
genes). Both vaccines protect againstWNV lineages 1 and 2 strains.
No vaccination is available for humans. Aim of this research was
the study of the dynamic of antibodies in sera of vaccinated horses.
Methods&Materials: Twogroups, eachconsistingof20healthy
horses, serological negative toWNV,were submitted to vaccination
(booster after 28days) using authorizedvaccines. After vaccination,
horses were examined to evaluate the immune response from 0 to
365days after vaccination (DAV). IgGwere detected through the kit
ELISA: ID ScreenWest Nile CompetitionMulti-species – ID.vet. IgM
were detected using the kit ELISA: West Nile Virus IgM Antibody
Test - IDEXX. All sera were tested by serum neutralization (SN)
test according to the Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for
Terrestrial Animals (OIE, 2013).
Results: Data relating to IgG response showed that Pﬁzer vac-
cine induced an earlier immune response compared to the Merial
one (100%of positive animals at 18◦ vs 38◦ DAV). Both vaccines pro-
duced appropriate levels of IgG for one year. SN results showed that
Merial vaccine stimulated long-lasting and more intense response
compared to Pﬁzer one (65% vs 21%). Horses treated with Merial
17th International Congress on Infectious Diseases / International Journal of Infectious Diseases 45S (2016) 1–477 469
vaccine had high neutralizing antibody titers for one year unlike
of subjects vaccinated with Pﬁzer. All horses vaccinated produced
IgM.
Conclusion: Both vaccines gave adequate antibody titers. Data
suggest tousePﬁzerproductduringoutbreaks thanks to its capacity
to produce antibodies early, instead Merial vaccine might be used
during prophylaxis plans. Both vaccines induced IgM production,
therefore, DIVA (Differentiating Infected fromVaccinated Animals)
strategy is not applicable. This study can be useful as model to
develop the indirect prophylaxis in humans.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.991
Type: Poster Presentation
Final Abstract Number: 43.256
Session: Poster Session III
Date: Saturday, March 5, 2016
Time: 12:45-14:15
Room: Hall 3 (Posters & Exhibition)
Endemic toxoplasmosis and listeriosis in the
perspective of ‘The problem of shelter dogs’ in
Istanbul
H. Kırkoyun Uysal1,∗, Y.A. Oner1, Ö. Akgül2, S¸.
Bayırlıog˘lu1, Ü. Tunga Babaog˘lu3, S. Purisa3
1 I˙stanbul University I˙stanbul Medical Faculty,
I˙stanbul, Turkey
2 Uskudar University, Istanbul, Turkey
3 Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty,
Istanbul, Turkey
Background: Nowadays it is known that animal sourced infec-
tions may have serious threats against human health. It is a fact
that Toxoplasmosis and Listeriosis are signiﬁcant zoonotic infec-
tions and dogs play a substantial role on the prevalence of these
infections. In our study, we have aimed to determine the sero-
prevalence of Listeriosis and Toxoplasmosis among shelter dogs in
different animal shelters around Istanbul and to describe the role
of dogs in the transmission of these zoonoses.
Methods & Materials: Blood samples from 100 dogs were col-
lected and Tag-Man probe based Real Time PCR (qPCR) analyses
of the samples were conducted regarding to the high sensibility
and characteristics of this technique and the results were evalu-
ated according to the gender and age of the dogs. Real Time PCR
(qPCR) analyses were conducted using speciﬁc primers and probes
that target the gene regions 529 bp RE for Toxoplasma gondii and
Listeriolysin O (hyl A) for Listeria monocytogenes.
Results: According to our results, it is found that 19 dogs (19%)
out of 100 are T. gondii positive, and 12 dogs (12%) are L. monocyto-
genespositive. It is seen that seropositivity among the0-2 agegroup
is high in both zoonoses and also according to gender L. monocy-
togenes is high among the females and T. gondii is high among the
male dogs.
Conclusion:Whencompared toother cities inTurkey, it is found
thatour results in Istanbulprovincehavea lowerprevalence. Beside
this, we think that these results may be a serious risk for the peo-
ple living in this city and optimal protective cautions should be
taken. We estimate that our study will contribute the data about
the prevalence of these zoonoses not only in our country but also
all around the world.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.992
Type: Poster Presentation
Final Abstract Number: 43.257
Session: Poster Session III
Date: Saturday, March 5, 2016
Time: 12:45-14:15
Room: Hall 3 (Posters & Exhibition)
Brucellosis presenting as mediastinal
lymphadenopathy with raised ß2 microglobulin
A.N. Koul1,∗, J.A. sheikh2, F.A. shaheen2
1 SKIMS, srinagar, jk, India
2 skims, srinagar, India
Background: 75 year old male with high grade continuous
fever for past one month. It was associated with rigors, chills
and sweating. Clinical examination was unremarkable and routine
screening for pyrexia was unrewarding. CECT revealed mediastinal
lymphadenopathy. Brucella serology was positive with dilutional
titers of 1:1280. ß2 microglobulin levels were high i.e 3570 i.u.
The patient was treated with Inj Streptomycin, Cap Rifampcin and
Cap Doxycycline. His symptoms resolved and was followed for 11
months.
Methods &Materials: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease present-
ing mainly as fever, sweating, low back ache and ill health. Its
incubation period varies from weeks to months with fever per-
sisting and undulating. Clinical signs include anaemia, arthritis,
cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatospleenomegaly.
Our patient presented with classical undulant fever and had
mediastinal lymphadenopathy which is relatively rare manifesta-
tion of brucelosis. In addition our patient had low back ache with
anaemia which prompted us to screen him for malignancy espe-
cially multiple myeloma. His 2 microglobulin levels were high
and brucella serology at higher dilutional also came high positive.
Patient was started on brucella treatment protocol and marked
improvement was noticed at 4 weeks of completion of treatment.
Patient has been followed for next 11 months and was doing well.
The aim of presenting this case is that mediastinal nodes can be
isolated involved in brucellosis and high 2 micoglobulin levels
should not preoccupy the clinical decision for multiple myeloma.
Results: Our patient presented with PUO and initial brucella
serology was negative. The CT chest revealed mediastinal lym-
phadenopathy with borderline rise of LDH and high levels of  2
microglobulin. We considered lymphoma as a cause of his fever.
As this patient developed backache and headache, repeat brucella
serology was sent and titer came 1:640. This titer doubled in a
weeks time. He was put on brucella treatment.


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Study of antibody dynamics in horses vaccinated against West Nile Virus (WNV)

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