Dawes, Jay J.

Dulla, Joseph

Lockie, Robert G.

Moreno, Matthew R.

Orr, Rob Marc

Wall, Sullivan

English

Many law enforcement recruits complete a state-specific physical test beforegraduating from their respective academies. In California, this is known as the WorkSample Test Battery (WSTB). The WSTB is comprised of tests related to job-relatedtasks. Certain agencies also conduct assessments to measure physical fitness; oneexample is the Validated Physical Abilities Test+ (VPAT+). The VPAT+ was developed tomeasure a recruit’s power as well as general fitness. This study aimed to identifyrelationships between VPAT+ and WSTB performance. Retrospective analysis on datafrom four academy classes (203 males, 35 females) from one law enforcement agencywas conducted. The VPAT+ and WSTB were completed in the last weeks of a 22-weekacademy training program. The VPAT+ is comprised of: a vertical jump (VJ) and seated2 kg medicine ball throw (MBT) to indirectly measure lower- and upper-body power,respectively; a 75-yard pursuit run (75PR), which was a simulated foot pursuit involvingsprinting and direction changes; and the multi-stage fitness test (MSFT), where thenumber of shuttles indicated aerobic fitness. The WSTB comprised five tests completedfor time: agility run around a 99-yard obstacle course (99OC); 32-foot body drag (BD)with a 165-lb dummy; climb over a six-foot chain link fence (CL) and six-foot solid wall(SW); and 500-yard run (500R). Partial correlations controlling for sex calculatedrelationships between the tests from the VPAT+ and WSTB. A greater VJ related tofaster 99OC, CL, SW, and 500R scores (r = -0.23 to -0.38). Greater MBT distancecorrelated to quicker 99OC and CL performance (r = -0.21 to -0.27). Faster 75PRperformance was associated with a faster 99OC, CL, SW, and 500R (r = -.025 to -0.50). Ahigher number of MSFT shuttles correlated to faster 99OC and 500R (r = -0.27 to -0.410). No VPAT+ tests related to the BD. The VJ and 75PR related to the running andbarrier-clearing WSTB tests, which may display the need for lower-body power andhigh-intensity anaerobic performance in these tasks. Superior MSFT performancerelated to the OC99 and 500R times, which highlights high-intensity running capacityneeds for law enforcement. Better MBT scores correlated with the 99OC and CL, whichprovide some indication of the value of upper-body power in occupational tasks.However, no VPAT+ tests related to the BD. The BD is strength-intensive, which is anattribute not usually tested in recruits. The use of strength testing in recruits should beexplored, as this quality could relate to job-specific tasks

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Bond UniversityResearch RepositoryRunning Speed, Power, and Aerobic Fitness relate to Work Sample Test Battery Performancein Deputy Sheriff RecruitsWall, Sullivan; Moreno, Matthew R. ; Dulla, Joseph; Dawes, James; Orr, Rob Marc; Lockie,Robert G.Published: 01/10/2018Document Version:Peer reviewed versionLink to publication in Bond University research repository.Recommended citation(APA):Wall, S., Moreno, M. R., Dulla, J., Dawes, J. J., Orr, R. M., & Lockie, R. G. (2018). Running Speed, Power, andAerobic Fitness relate to Work Sample Test Battery Performance in Deputy Sheriff Recruits. Poster sessionpresented at The 38th Annual Meeting of the Southwest Regional Chapter of the American College of SportsMedicine, Costa Mesa, United States.General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright ownersand it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.For more information, or if you believe that this document breaches copyright, please contact the Bond University research repositorycoordinator.Download date: 10 May 2019Sullivan J. Wall1 w Matthew R. Moreno1 w Robert G. Lockie1 w J. Jay Dawes2 w Robin M. Orr3 w Joseph M. Dulla41Center for Sport Performance, Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA. 2Department of Health Sciences, University of Colorado-Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA.3Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, Qld, Australia.4Recruit Training Unit, Training Bureau, Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department, Los Angeles, CA, USA.Running Speed, Power, and Aerobic Fitness relate to Work Sample Test Battery Performance in Deputy Sheriff RecruitsINTRODUCTIONMETHODSCONCLUSIONSRESULTS• Table 1 displays the correlation data. A greater VJ related to faster 99OC, CL, SW, and 500Rscores. Greater MBT distance correlated to quicker 99OC and CL performance. Faster 75PRperformance was associated with a faster 99OC, CL, SW, and 500R. A higher number ofMSFT shuttles correlated to faster 99OC and 500R.• No VPAT+ tests related to the BD.• The VJ and 75PR related to the running and barrier-clearing WSTB tests, which maydisplay the need for lower-body power and high-intensity anaerobic performance inthese tasks. Furthermore, these findings align with Dawes et al.,1 who highlighted theneed for these attributes in law enforcement officers.• Superior MSFT performance related to the OC99 and 500R times, which highlights high-intensity running capacity needs for law enforcement; not only to score highly on physicaltesting, but this could crossover to job-specific tasks such as suspect pursuit.1• Better MBT scores correlated with the 99OC and CL, which provide some indication ofthe value of upper-body power in occupational tasks, especially when an officer mustpull themselves up and over a barrier. Previous research by Lockie et al.3 has indicatedthe potential value of upper-body power for law enforcement officers.• No VPAT+ tests related to the BD. The BD is strength-intensive, which is an attribute notusually tested in recruits. The use of strength testing in recruits should be explored, asthis quality could relate to job-specific tasks such as jumping/climbing over obstacles,apprehending suspects, and dragging a person to safety.• Retrospective analysis on data from four academy classes (203 males: age= 26.42 ± 5.13years, height= 1.77 ± 0.07 m, body mass= 83.12 ± 14.08 kg; 35 females: age= 26.87 ± 4.34years, height= 1.65 ± 0.07 m, body mass= 70.42 ± 19.35 kg) from one law enforcementagency was conducted.• The VPAT+ and WSTB were completed in the last weeks of a 22-week academy trainingprogram. The VPAT+ was comprised of: a vertical jump (VJ) and seated 2 kg medicine ballthrow (MBT) to measure lower- and upper-body power, respectively; a 75-yard pursuit run(75PR), which was a simulated foot pursuit involving sprinting and direction changes(Figures 1 and 2); and the multi-stage fitness test (MSFT), where the number of shuttlesindicated aerobic fitness.• The WSTB comprised five tests completed for time: agility run around a 99-yard obstaclecourse (99OC; Figure 3); 32-foot body drag (BD) with a 165-lb dummy; climb over a six-footchain link fence (CL) and six-foot solid wall (SW); and 500-yard run (500R).4• Partial correlations (p < 0.05) controlling for sex calculated relationships between the testsfrom the VPAT+ and WSTB.References1. Dawes, J.J, Lindsay, Keston, K., Bero, J., Elder, C., Kornhauser, C. & Holmes,. (2017). Physical fitness characteristics of high versus low performers on an occupationally specific Physical Agility Test(PAT) for patrol officers. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 31(10): 2808-2815.2. Lockie, R.G., Dawes, J.J., Balfany, K., Gonzales, C.E., Beitzel, M.M., Dulla, J.M. & Orr, R.M. (under review). Physical fitness characteristics that relate to Work Sample Test Battery performance in lawenforcement recruits. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.3. Lockie, R.G., Dawes, J.J., Orr, R.M., Stierli, M., Dulla, J.M. & Orjalo, A.J. (2018). An analysis of the effects of sex and age on upper- and lower-body power for law enforcement agency recruits priorto academy training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 32(7): 1968-1974.4. Peace Officer Standards and Training. (2012). Work Sample Test Battery Proctor Manual. Retrieved October 7, 2018, from: https://post.ca.gov/post_docs/regulationnotices/2012-05/WrkSmplTestBattryProctrMan.pdf.• Many law enforcement recruits complete a state-specific physical test before graduatingfrom their respective academies. In California, this is known as the Work Sample TestBattery (WSTB).4 The WSTB is comprised of tests resembling job-related tasks. For instance,the WSTB simulate situations in which an officer must chase a suspect; climb over a barrier;navigate obstacles while running; and drag an incapacitated person to safety.2• Certain agencies also conduct assessments to measure physical fitness; one example is theValidated Physical Abilities Test+ (VPAT+). The VPAT+ was developed to measure a recruit’spower, high-intensity running ability, and general fitness. Dawes et al.1 has linked thephysical qualities of power and high-intensity running to increased performance in lawenforcement-specific physical abilities tests.• As the VPAT+ has more power-based and high-intensity running tests than the WSTB, it maybe a better indicator of future job performance, as officers frequently need to move quicklyover and around barriers while pursuing fleeing suspects, amongst other anaerobically-based tasks.• The purpose of this study was to document the relationships between VPAT+ and WSTBperformance in deputy sheriff recruits.ABSTRACTMany law enforcement recruits complete a state-specific physical test before graduating from their respective academies. In California, this is known asthe Work Sample Test Battery (WSTB). The WSTB is comprised of tests related to job-related tasks. Certain agencies also conduct assessments tomeasure physical fitness; one example is the Validated Physical Abilities Test+ (VPAT+). The VPAT+ was developed to measure a recruit’s power as wellas general fitness. This study aimed to identify relationships between VPAT+ and WSTB performance. Retrospective analysis on data from four academyclasses (203 males, 35 females) from one law enforcement agency was conducted. The VPAT+ and WSTB were completed in the last weeks of a 22-week academy training program. The VPAT+ is comprised of: a vertical jump (VJ) and seated 2 kg medicine ball throw (MBT) to indirectly measurelower- and upper-body power, respectively; a 75-yard pursuit run (75PR), which was a simulated foot pursuit involving sprinting and direction changes;and the multi-stage fitness test (MSFT), where the number of shuttles indicated aerobic fitness. The WSTB comprised five tests completed for time:agility run around a 99-yard obstacle course (99OC); 32-foot body drag (BD) with a 165-lb dummy; climb over a six-foot chain link fence (CL) and six-foot solid wall (SW); and 500-yard run (500R). Partial correlations controlling for sex calculated relationships between the tests from the VPAT+ andWSTB. A greater VJ related to faster 99OC, CL, SW, and 500R scores (r = -0.23 to -0.38). Greater MBT distance correlated to quicker 99OC and CLperformance (r = -0.21 to -0.27). Faster 75PR performance was associated with a faster 99OC, CL, SW, and 500R (r = -.025 to -0.50). A higher number ofMSFT shuttles correlated to faster 99OC and 500R (r = -0.27 to -0.410). No VPAT+ tests related to the BD. The VJ and 75PR related to the running andbarrier-clearing WSTB tests, which may display the need for lower-body power and high-intensity anaerobic performance in these tasks. Superior MSFTperformance related to the OC99 and 500R times, which highlights high-intensity running capacity needs for law enforcement. Better MBT scorescorrelated with the 99OC and CL, which provide some indication of the value of upper-body power in occupational tasks. However, no VPAT+ testsrelated to the BD. The BD is strength-intensive, which is an attribute not usually tested in recruits. The use of strength testing in recruits should beexplored, as this quality could relate to job-specific tasks.Table 1. Correlation matrix showing relationships between VPAT+ and WSTB performance.* Significant (p < 0.05) relationships between the two variables.99OC BD CL SW 500RVertical Jumprp-0.382*<0.001-0.0620.340-0.232*<0.001-0.243*<0.001-0.242*<0.001Medicine Ball Throwrp-0.207*0.001-0.0680.298-0.266*<0.001-0.0920.158-0.0960.14275-yard Pursuit Runrp0.498*<0.0010.0950.1460.476*<0.0010.254*<0.0010.281*<0.001Multi-Stage Fitness Testrp-0.274*<0.001-0.0850.194-0.0750.249-0.0800.222-0.410*<0.001 0.86 m (34 inch) high obstacle0.15 m x 0. 15 m (6 inch x 6inch) curbRunning directionFigure 1: Set-up of the 75-yard Pursuit Run.Figure 2: Runningdirection of the 75-yardPursuit Run.Figure 3:  99-yard Obstacle Course.

Running Speed, Power, and Aerobic Fitness relate to Work Sample Test Battery Performance in Deputy Sheriff Recruits

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Running Speed, Power, and Aerobic Fitness relate to Work Sample Test Battery Performance in Deputy Sheriff Recruits

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