Kotomkin, R. A.

Polonskiy, M. S.

Zhelnorovich, V. A.

Electronic archive of Tomsk Polytechnic University

 Секция 7.  Химия и химическая технология на иностранном языке443and cyclization of olefins with hydrogen transfer (Aij = 4.62 kJ/mol) are reversible at the process tem-perature 794 K during the processing of vacuum distillate with saturated to aromatic ratio 1.88 unit and reaction temperature range is 848–794 K. In ad-dition, the reversibility of cracking olefins take into account as the direct reaction of olefins aromatiza-tion in formalized scheme of hydrocarbon conver-sion due to the high reactivity of olefins according to the classical concepts of the catalytic cracking [2] and results of the quantum chemical calculation (ΔG = –92.2 kJ/mol).references1.	 Parmon	V.N.	Thermodynamics	of	nonequilibri-um	processes	for	chemists.	Dolgoprudny:	Intel-lect,	2015.–	472p.2.	 Kapustin	 V.M.,	Gureev	A.A.	 Technology	 of	 oil	refining.	Destructive	processes.	Part	two.–	M.:	Kolos,	2008.–	334p.COMparatIVe eValuatION Of DIffereNt raDICal INItIatOrS, uSeD fOr prODuCtION Of graft COpOlYMerS, BaSeD ON ataCtIC pOlYprOpYleNeM.S. Polonskiy, V.A. Zhelnorovich, R.A. KotomkinScientific Supervisor – Docent, Candidate of chemical Sciences O.V. RotarTomsk Polytechnic University 634050, Russia, Tomsk, Lenin str. 30, tpu@tpu.ruIntroduction. Nowadays the demand for pro-duction of polypropylene is extremely high in the world. Polypropylene takes the 3rd place by volume of consumption now, and this number has increased from 200 to 1200 thousand tons per year in Rus-sia in 2000–2015. It’s obvious that the need of this polymer will keep growing, therefore the technolo-gies of production should be developed and the vol-ume of it ought to be increased.relevance. Polypropylene is most commonly produced by propylene polymerization in presence of the Ziegler–Natta catalyst [1, 2], yet at the end of the chemical process 2–3 % of the final product is an atactic polypropylene (abbreviated APP). This material has much lower quality in comparison with the isotactic polypropylene; therefore it isn’t used in industry and is commonly utilized. A hypothesis was made [3] that a modification of APP with dif-ferent graft copolymers could improve its charac-teristics and makes it suitable for using in industry. This approach might also contribute to a solution of economic and ecological questions in the subject of fig. 1.		The	chart	for	implementation	of	this	approach	at	the	mathematical	modeling	of	the	catalytic	crackingXVIII Международная научно-практическая конференция имени профессора Л.П. Кулёва444propylene production’s waste.purpose. The selection of comopomer (styrene, dicyclopentadiene, abbreviated DCPD) for a graft copolymerization with APP, which will produce the product with better characteristics in comparison with APP. The selection of initiator (azoisobutyroni-trile, abbreviated AIBN; benzoyl peroxide or BPO; potassium peroxydisulfate or KPS), which will give the highest practical product yield of the copolymer of the best quality.Method. The radical copolymerization was processed in the heptane solution at the 80 °C tem-perature. The solution of APP in heptane and the solution of comonomer and initiator were prepared previously; then they were mixed together in a flask and this mixture was held for three hours. After the end of the reaction received copolymer was swaged in isopropyl alcohol, filtered out and dried firstly in air and then in vacuum. The speciation of graft co-polymer was defined by the infrared spectroscopy.results. Maximum values of practical product yield depending on types of comonomer and initia-tor are represented in the table below. According to these results it can be concluded that the highest ex-tent of reaction is reached by using AIBN and BPO with styrene.In the low concentration area AIBN is not very effective, but the sharp increase of product yield takes place after reaching 5 % concentration of AIBN. Then the product yield becomes constant so there’s no use of increasing AIBN concentration further. The same tendency is shown in the experi-ment with BPO. At the same time the copolymer-ization with DCPD has a low product yield with all three initiators.The styrene copolymerization increases also the softening temperature from 70–90 °C to 105–120 °C, which could be interpreted as the elimina-tion of low resistance to thermo–oxidative and light destruction. The mechanical strength of copoly-mer’s films is also higher than of the film of APP itself.Conclusion. According to the current day the volume of APP production is about 40 thousand tons per year. The introduction of APP copolymerization into industry seems rational because of the improve-ment of its physical properties and available data [4] about the positive effect of the addiction of APP into bitumen and various coatings. The approach of this kind, as it was already mentioned upwards, could be the solution of an ecological problem and also might become a source of income.references1.	 Stereoselectivity	 in	 Ziegler-Natta	 polymeriza-tion	of	conjugated	dienes.	2.	Mechanism	for	1,	2	syndiotactic	polymerization	of	diene	monomers	with	high	energy	s-cis	4	coordination	 /	Costa-bile	C.,	Milano	G.,	Cavallo	L.,	Longo	P.,	Guer-ra	 G.,	 Zambelli	 A.	 //	 Polymer,	 2004.–	№45.–	P.467–485.2.	 Dolgoplosk	 B.A.,	 Tinyakova	 E.I.	 Organome-tallic	catalysis	 in	 the	processes	of	polymeriza-tion.–	Moscow:	«Nauka»,	1985.–	534p.	3.	 Battaerd	 H.A.,	 Tregear	 G.W.	 Graft	 copoly-mers.–	Leningrad:	«Khimia»,	1970.–	216p.4.	 The	application	of	atactic	polypropylene	for	the	improvement	of	bitumen	and	asphaltic	concrete	/	 Hochman	 L.M.,	 Shemonaeva	 D.S.,	 Stepon-yan	I.V.,	Titov	E.N.	 //	Car	roads,	1990.–	№8.– P.11–13.table 1. Maximum values of practical product yield depending on types of comonomer and initi-atorInitiator ComonomerThe highest practical product yield, %AIBNStyrene 85 DCPD 24 KPSStyrene 30 DCPD 26 BPOStyrene 85 DCPD 26 

Comparative evaluation of different radical initiators, used for production of graft copolymers, based on atactic polypropylene

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