The Spade Sandskate (Psammobatis rutrum) is a small (to 32 cm total length) skate that occurs in the Southwest Atlantic from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to the San Matías Gulf, northern Chubut, Argentina. It inhabits the continental shelf at depths of 31–150 m. It is captured in demersal trawl fisheries, which are intense in parts of its range. There are no estimates of population trend for this species, but it is still caught commonly in fisheries despite a long history of fishing pressure, and therefore the population size is suspected to be stable. Its small size indicates that it likely has an early age-at-maturity and a fast growth rate and thus some ability to withstand fishing pressure. Therefore, the Spade Sandskate is assessed as Least Concern.Fil: Pollom, R.. University Fraser Simon; CanadáFil: Barreto, R.. Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservacao Da Biodiversidade; BrasilFil: Charvet, P.. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Chiaramonte, Gustavo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia". Estación Hidrobiológica de Puerto Quequén (sede Quequén); ArgentinaFil: Cuevas, J. M.. Wildlife Conservation Society; Estados UnidosFil: Faria, V.. Universidade Federal Do Ceara; BrasilFil: Herman, K.. Georgia Aquarium; Estados UnidosFil: Montealegre Quijano, S.. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Motta, F.. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Paesch, L.. No especifíca;Fil: Rincon, G.. Universidade Federal Do Maranhao.; Brasi

Barreto, R.

Charvet, P.

Chiaramonte, Gustavo Enrique

Cuevas, J. M.

Faria, V.

Herman, K.

Montealegre Quijano, S.

Motta, F.

Paesch, L.

Pollom, R.

Rincon, G.

English

CONICET Digital

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ISSN 2307-8235 (online)IUCN 2020: T63101A3117368Scope(s): GlobalLanguage: EnglishPsammobatis rutrum, Spade SandskateAssessment by: Pollom,  R. et al.View on www.iucnredlist.orgShort citation: Pollom,  R. et al. 2020. Psammobatis rutrum. The IUCN Red List of ThreatenedSpecies 2020: e.T63101A3117368. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T63101A3117368.en [see full citation at end]Copyright: © 2020 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural ResourcesReproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior writtenpermission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged.Reproduction of this publication for resale, reposting or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior writtenpermission from the copyright holder. For further details see Terms of Use.The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species Programme, the IUCNSpecies Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership. The IUCN Red List Partners are: Arizona StateUniversity; BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation International; NatureServe;Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; and Zoological Society of London.If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown in this document, please provide us withfeedback so that we can correct or extend the information provided.THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™TaxonomyKingdom Phylum Class Order FamilyAnimalia Chordata Chondrichthyes Rajiformes ArhynchobatidaeScientific Name:  Psammobatis rutrum Jordan, 1891Synonym(s):• Malacorhina cirrifer Regan, 1914Common Name(s):• English: Spade Sandskate• Spanish; Castilian: Rayita Sin OrlasTaxonomic Source(s):Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W.N. and Van der Laan, R. (eds). 2020. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: genera,species, references. Updated 14 September 2020. Available at:http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp.Assessment InformationRed List Category & Criteria: Least Concern ver 3.1Year Published: 2020Date Assessed: July  1, 2019Justification:The Spade Sandskate (Psammobatis rutrum) is a small (to 32 cm total length) skate that  occurs in theSouthwest Atlantic from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to the San Matías Gulf, northern Chubut, Argentina. Itinhabits the continental shelf at depths of 31–150 m. It is captured in demersal trawl fisheries, which areintense in parts of its range. There are no estimates of population trend for this species, but it is stillcaught commonly in  fisheries despite a long history of fishing  pressure,  and therefore the  populationsize is suspected to be stable. Its small size indicates that it likely has an early age-at-maturity and  a fastgrowth rate and thus some ability to withstand fishing  pressure. Therefore, the Spade Sandskate isassessed as Least Concern.Previously Published Red List Assessments2007 – Data Deficient (DD)https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T63101A12603797.enGeographic RangeRange Description:The Spade Sandskate occurs in the Southwest Atlantic from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to San Matías Gulf,northern Chubut, Argentina (Last et al. 2016).© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Psammobatis rutrum – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T63101A3117368.en1Country Occurrence:Native, Extant (resident): Argentina; Brazil; UruguayFAO Marine Fishing Areas:Native: Atlantic - southwest© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Psammobatis rutrum – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T63101A3117368.en2Distribution Map© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Psammobatis rutrum – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T63101A3117368.en3PopulationThis species is still  caught commonly in  fisheries despite a long history of fishing pressure,  andtherefore the  population is suspected to be stable.Current Population Trend:  StableHabitat and Ecology (see Appendix for additional information)The Spade Sandskate is demersal on the continental shelf at depths of 31–150 m (Last et al. 2016,Weigmann 2016). It reaches a maximum size of 32 cm total length; both sexes mature at 27 cm TL(Martins and Oddone 2017). As in other skates, reproduction is oviparous.Systems:  MarineUse and Trade (see Appendix for additional information)This species is not known to be utilized or traded. Other members of this genus are typically discardeddead when caught (Mabragaña and Cousseau 2004).Threats (see Appendix for additional information)This skate is captured in commercial and artisanal demersal trawl fisheries, which are intense in parts ofits range. Its small size indicates that it likely has an early age-at-maturity and a fast growth rate and thussome ability to withstand fishing pressure.Conservation Actions (see Appendix for additional information)There are no species-specific protections or conservation measures in   place for this sandskate. It isincluded in the maximum permitted catch   for coastal skates and rays in Argentina, but is typicallydiscarded  and  therefore this is not an appropriate tool for the conservation of  this  and other smallskates. Further research is needed on life  history and population size and trend. Artisanal andcommercial  fisheries should monitor bycatch at the species level.CreditsAssessor(s): Pollom, R., Barreto, R., Charvet, P., Chiaramonte, G.E., Cuevas, J.M., Faria, V.,Herman, K., Montealegre-Quijano, S., Motta, F., Paesch, L. & Rincon, G.Reviewer(s): Dulvy, N.K. & Kyne, P.M.Facilitator(s) andCompiler(s):Kyne, P.M., Pollom, R., Charvet, P. & Dulvy, N.K.Authority/Authorities: IUCN SSC Shark Specialist Group (sharks and rays)© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Psammobatis rutrum – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T63101A3117368.en4BibliographyIUCN. 2020. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2020-3. Available at: www.iucnredlist.org.(Accessed: 10 December 2020).Last, P., White, W., de Carvalho, M., Séret, B., Stehmann, M. and Naylor, G. 2016. Rays of the World.CSIRO Publishing, Clayton.Mabragaña, E. and Cousseau, M.B. 2004. Reproductive biology of two sympatric skates in the south-west Atlantic: Psammobatis rudis and Psammobatis normani. Journal of Fish Biology 65: 559-573.Martins, M.F. and Oddone, M.C. 2017. Reproductive biology of Psammobatis rutrum (Chondrichthyes:Arhynchobatidae) in south Brazil, south‐west Atlantic. Journal of Fish Biology 91(2): 443–459.Weigmann, S. 2016. Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) ofthe world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology 88(3): 837-1037.CitationPollom, R., Barreto, R., Charvet, P., Chiaramonte, G.E., Cuevas, J.M., Faria, V., Herman, K., Montealegre-Quijano, S., Motta, F., Paesch, L. & Rincon, G. 2020. Psammobatis rutrum. The IUCN Red List ofThreatened Species 2020: e.T63101A3117368. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T63101A3117368.enDisclaimerTo make use of this information, please check the Terms of Use.External ResourcesFor Supplementary Material, and for Images and External Links to Additional Information, please see theRed List website.© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Psammobatis rutrum – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T63101A3117368.en5AppendixHabitats(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)Habitat Season SuitabilityMajorImportance?9. Marine Neritic -> 9.3. Marine Neritic - Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel Resident Suitable Yes9. Marine Neritic -> 9.4. Marine Neritic - Subtidal Sandy Resident Suitable Yes9. Marine Neritic -> 9.5. Marine Neritic - Subtidal Sandy-Mud Resident Suitable Yes9. Marine Neritic -> 9.6. Marine Neritic - Subtidal Muddy Resident Suitable YesThreats(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)Threat Timing Scope Severity Impact Score5. Biological resource use -> 5.4. Fishing & harvestingaquatic resources -> 5.4.3. Unintentional effects:(subsistence/small scale) [harvest]Ongoing Majority (50-90%)No decline Low impact: 5Stresses: 2. Species Stresses -> 2.1. Species mortality5. Biological resource use -> 5.4. Fishing & harvestingaquatic resources -> 5.4.4. Unintentional effects:(large scale) [harvest]Ongoing Majority (50-90%)No decline Low impact: 5Stresses: 2. Species Stresses -> 2.1. Species mortalityConservation Actions in Place(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)Conservation Action in PlaceIn-place research and monitoringAction Recovery Plan: NoSystematic monitoring scheme: NoIn-place land/water protectionArea based regional management plan: NoOccurs in at least one protected area: UnknownInvasive species control or prevention: Not ApplicableIn-place species managementHarvest management plan: Yes© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Psammobatis rutrum – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T63101A3117368.en6Conservation Action in PlaceSuccessfully reintroduced or introduced benignly: NoSubject to ex-situ conservation: NoIn-place educationSubject to recent education and awareness programmes: NoIncluded in international legislation: NoSubject to any international management / trade controls: NoResearch Needed(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)Research Needed1. Research -> 1.2. Population size, distribution & trends1. Research -> 1.3. Life history & ecology3. Monitoring -> 3.1. Population trendsAdditional Data FieldsDistributionLower depth limit (m): 150Upper depth limit (m): 31© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Psammobatis rutrum – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T63101A3117368.en7The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ISSN 2307-8235 (online)IUCN 2020: T63101A3117368Scope(s): GlobalLanguage: EnglishThe IUCN Red List PartnershipThe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global SpeciesProgramme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership.The IUCN Red List Partners are: Arizona State University; BirdLife International; Botanic GardensConservation International; Conservation International; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew;Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; and Zoological Society of London.THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Psammobatis rutrum – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T63101A3117368.en8

Psammobatis rutrum, spade sandskate

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Psammobatis rutrum, spade sandskate

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