The Argentine Skate (Dipturus argentinensis) occurs in the Southwest Atlantic from central Chubut to southern Santa Cruz, Argentina and off the northwest Falkland Islands (Malvinas). It inhabits continental and insular shelves and slopes at depths of 85–400 m. Maximum size is unknown as only immature specimens have been caught (up to 125 cm total length) and there is some question as to where the adult population occurs. This skate is captured in commercial demersal trawl fisheries, which are intense across its entire known geographic and bathymetric range. It is captured in the target trawl fishery for skates off the Falkland Islands (Malvinas). Identification is an issue, and it may be captured more than is perceived. More information is needed to determine the level of overlap with fisheries and this species' catchability and sensitivity to fishing. Research is needed on distribution, life history, population size and trends, and threats. Since it is unknown whether fishing is causing a population reduction, there is currently inadequate information available to assess the Argentine Skate beyond Data Deficient.Fil: Pollom, R.. University Fraser Simon; CanadáFil: Chiaramonte, Gustavo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia". Estación Hidrobiológica de Puerto Quequén (sede Quequén); ArgentinaFil: Cuevas, J. M.. Wildlife Conservation Society; Estados UnidosFil: Pompert, J.. Georgia Seafoods; Países BajosFil: Herman, K.. Georgia Aquarium; Estados Unido

Chiaramonte, Gustavo Enrique

Cuevas, J. M.

Herman, K.

Pollom, R.

Pompert, J.

English

CONICET Digital

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ISSN 2307-8235 (online)IUCN 2020: T129495924A129495933Scope(s): GlobalLanguage: EnglishDipturus argentinensis, Argentine SkateAssessment by: Pollom, R., Chiaramonte, G.E., Cuevas, J.M., Pompert, J. &Herman, K.View on www.iucnredlist.orgCitation: Pollom, R., Chiaramonte, G.E., Cuevas, J.M., Pompert, J. & Herman, K. 2020. Dipturusargentinensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T129495924A129495933.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T129495924A129495933.enCopyright: © 2020 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural ResourcesReproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior writtenpermission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged.Reproduction of this publication for resale, reposting or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior writtenpermission from the copyright holder. For further details see Terms of Use.The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species Programme, the IUCNSpecies Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership. The IUCN Red List Partners are: Arizona StateUniversity; BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation International; NatureServe;Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; and Zoological Society of London.If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown in this document, please provide us withfeedback so that we can correct or extend the information provided.THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™TaxonomyKingdom Phylum Class Order FamilyAnimalia Chordata Chondrichthyes Rajiformes RajidaeScientific Name:  Dipturus argentinensis Díaz de Astarloa, Mabragaña, Hanner & Figueroa, 2008Synonym(s):• Zearaja argentinensis (Díaz de Astarloa, Mabragaña, Hanner & Figueroa, 2008)Common Name(s):• English: Argentine Skate• Spanish; Castilian: Raya Hocicuda de Cola LargaTaxonomic Source(s):Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R. and Van der Laan, R. (eds.). 2018. Catalog of Fishes: genera, species,references. Updated 30 April 2018. Available at:http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catelog/fishcatmain.asp.Taxonomic Notes:Concha et al. (2019) synonymised the genus Zearaja with Dipturus, thereby relegating this species to thegenus Dipturus.Assessment InformationRed List Category & Criteria: Data Deficient ver 3.1Year Published: 2020Date Assessed: July  1, 2019Justification:The Argentine Skate (Dipturus argentinensis) occurs in the Southwest Atlantic from central Chubut tosouthern Santa  Cruz, Argentina and off the northwest Falkland Islands (Malvinas). It inhabitscontinental and insular shelves and slopes at depths of 85–400 m. Maximum size is unknown as onlyimmature specimens have been caught (up to 125 cm total length) and there is some question as towhere the adult population occurs. This skate is captured in commercial demersal trawl fisheries, whichare  intense across its entire known geographic and bathymetric range. It is captured in the target trawlfishery for skates off the Falkland Islands (Malvinas).  Identification is an issue, and it may be capturedmore than is perceived. More information is needed to determine the  level of overlap with fisheriesand this species' catchability and  sensitivity to fishing. Research is needed on distribution, life history,population size and trends, and threats. Since it is unknown whether fishing is causing a populationreduction, there is currently inadequate information available to assess the Argentine Skate beyondData Deficient.Geographic Range© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Dipturus argentinensis – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T129495924A129495933.en1Range Description:The Argentine Skate occurs in the Southwest Atlantic from central Chubut to southern Santa Cruz,Argentina and off the northwest Falkland Islands (Malvinas) (Arkhipkin et al. 2012, Last et al. 2016).Country Occurrence:Native, Extant (resident): Argentina; Falkland Islands (Malvinas)FAO Marine Fishing Areas:Native: Atlantic - southwest© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Dipturus argentinensis – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T129495924A129495933.en2Distribution Map© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Dipturus argentinensis – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T129495924A129495933.en3PopulationThis species overlaps with fisheries but there are no data to determine the level of mortality occurring.Skate catches in general are stable off the Falkland Islands (Malvinas), but there is concern thatindividual species declines may be masked (Wakeford et al. 2005). The population trend is unknown.Current Population Trend:  UnknownHabitat and Ecology (see Appendix for additional information)The Argentine Skate is demersal on the continental and insular shelves and slopes at depths of 85–400m (Last et al. 2016, J. Pompert unpubl. data 2018). Its maximum size is unknown; the largest specimensof 125 cm total length were still immature (J. Pompert unpubl. data 2018). As in other skates,reproduction is oviparous. Little else is known of its biology.Systems:  MarineUse and Trade (see Appendix for additional information)Utilization of this species is unknown. Most skates captured within its range are retained as valuablebyproduct for their meat.Threats (see Appendix for additional information)This skate is captured in commercial demersal trawl fisheries, which are intense across its entire knowngeographic and bathymetric range. There is some question as to where the adult population occurs, as itis only juveniles that are encountered in trawl fisheries (J. Pompert unpubl. data 2018). It is captured inthe target trawl fishery for skates off the Falkland Islands (Malvinas) (Winter et al. 2015). Identification isan issue for this species, and it may be captured more than is perceived. More information is needed todetermine the level of overlap with fisheries and this species' catchability and sensitivity to fishing.Conservation Actions (see Appendix for additional information)There are no species-specific protections or conservation measures in place for this skate. There aremanagement measures in the skate fishery off the Falkland Islands (Malvinas), but they are not species-specific (Winter et al. 2015). Further research is needed on distribution, life history, population size andtrends, and threats. Trawl fisheries should be monitored for bycatch at the species level.CreditsAssessor(s): Pollom, R., Chiaramonte, G.E., Cuevas, J.M., Pompert, J. & Herman, K.Reviewer(s): Dulvy, N.K. & Kyne, P.M.Facilitator(s) andCompiler(s):Kyne, P.M., Pollom, R., Charvet, P. & Dulvy, N.K.Authority/Authorities: IUCN SSC Shark Specialist Group (sharks and rays)© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Dipturus argentinensis – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T129495924A129495933.en4BibliographyArkhipkin, A., Brickle, P., Laptikhovsky, V., Pompert, J. and Winter, A. 2012. Skate assemblage on theeastern Patagonian Shelf and Slope: structure, diversity and abundance. Journal of Fish Biology 80(5):1704–1726.Concha, F.J., Caira, J.N., Ebert, D.A. and Pompert, J.H.W. 2019. Redescription and taxonomic status ofDipturus chilensis (Guichenot, 1848), and description of Dipturus lamillai sp. nov. (Rajiformes: Rajidae), anew species of long-snout skate from the Falkland Islands. Zootaxa  4590(5): 501-524.IUCN. 2020. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2020-3. Available at: www.iucnredlist.org.(Accessed: 10 December 2020).Last, P., White, W., de Carvalho, M., Séret, B., Stehmann, M. and Naylor, G. 2016. Rays of the World.CSIRO Publishing, Clayton.Wakeford, R.C., Agnew, D.J., Middleton, D.A.J., Pomport, J.H.W. and Laptikhovsky, V.V. 2005.Management of the Falkland Islands Multispecies ray fishery: Is species specific management required?Symposium, 11-13 September 2001: Elasmobranch fisheries: Managing for sustainable use andbiodiversity conservation. Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Science 35: 309-324.Winter, A., Pompert, J., Arkhipkin, A. and Brewin, P.E. 2015. Interannual variability in the skateassemblage on the South Patagonian shelf and slope. Journal of Fish Biology 87(6): 1449–1468.CitationPollom, R., Chiaramonte, G.E., Cuevas, J.M., Pompert, J. & Herman, K. 2020. Dipturus argentinensis. TheIUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T129495924A129495933.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T129495924A129495933.enDisclaimerTo make use of this information, please check the Terms of Use.External ResourcesFor Supplementary Material, and for Images and External Links to Additional Information, please see theRed List website.© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Dipturus argentinensis – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T129495924A129495933.en5AppendixHabitats(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)Habitat Season SuitabilityMajorImportance?9. Marine Neritic -> 9.3. Marine Neritic - Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel Resident Suitable Yes9. Marine Neritic -> 9.4. Marine Neritic - Subtidal Sandy Resident Suitable Yes9. Marine Neritic -> 9.5. Marine Neritic - Subtidal Sandy-Mud Resident Suitable Yes9. Marine Neritic -> 9.6. Marine Neritic - Subtidal Muddy Resident Suitable Yes11. Marine Deep Benthic -> 11.1. Marine Deep Benthic - ContinentalSlope/Bathyl Zone (200-4,000m)- - -Threats(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)Threat Timing Scope Severity Impact Score5. Biological resource use -> 5.4. Fishing & harvestingaquatic resources -> 5.4.4. Unintentional effects:(large scale) [harvest]Ongoing Majority (50-90%)Slow, significantdeclinesMediumimpact: 6Stresses: 2. Species Stresses -> 2.1. Species mortalityConservation Actions in Place(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)Conservation Action in PlaceIn-place research and monitoringAction Recovery Plan: NoSystematic monitoring scheme: NoIn-place land/water protectionConservation sites identified: NoArea based regional management plan: NoOccurs in at least one protected area: UnknownInvasive species control or prevention: Not ApplicableIn-place species managementHarvest management plan: NoSuccessfully reintroduced or introduced benignly: No© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Dipturus argentinensis – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T129495924A129495933.en6Conservation Action in PlaceSubject to ex-situ conservation: NoIn-place educationSubject to recent education and awareness programmes: NoIncluded in international legislation: NoSubject to any international management / trade controls: NoConservation Actions Needed(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)Conservation Action Needed3. Species management -> 3.1. Species management -> 3.1.1. Harvest managementResearch Needed(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)Research Needed1. Research -> 1.2. Population size, distribution & trends1. Research -> 1.3. Life history & ecology1. Research -> 1.4. Harvest, use & livelihoods1. Research -> 1.5. Threats3. Monitoring -> 3.1. Population trends3. Monitoring -> 3.2. Harvest level trendsAdditional Data FieldsDistributionLower depth limit (m): 400Upper depth limit (m): 85© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Dipturus argentinensis – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T129495924A129495933.en7The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ISSN 2307-8235 (online)IUCN 2020: T129495924A129495933Scope(s): GlobalLanguage: EnglishThe IUCN Red List PartnershipThe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global SpeciesProgramme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership.The IUCN Red List Partners are: Arizona State University; BirdLife International; Botanic GardensConservation International; Conservation International; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew;Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; and Zoological Society of London.THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Dipturus argentinensis – published in 2020.https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T129495924A129495933.en8

Dipturus argentinensis, argentine skate

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Dipturus argentinensis, argentine skate

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