The bipartition of the Carboniferous System adopted by the International Commission of Stratigraphy for the world stratigraphic chart is impractical in Gondwana. Correlation with thePaleoequatorialrealm, from the Late Viséan to the Early Permian inclusive, is n ot possible by paleontologic means because ofendemism ofthebiotaFil: Gonzalez, Carlos Roberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Dirección de Geología; Argentin

Gonzalez, Carlos Roberto

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Jul y 2005Volume 23 July 2005sccsI.U.G.S. SUBCOMMISSION ON CARBONIFEROUS STRATIGRAPHYCarboni fe rous Newsle tterTable of ContentsCHAIRMAN’S COLUMN ...................................................................................................................... 1SECRETARY / EDITOR’S REPORT 2004-2005 ................................................................................. 2SCCS ANNUALREPORT 2004 ............................................................................................................. 3TASK/PROJECT GROUP REPORTS .................................................................................................. 6Progress report of the Task Group to establish a boundaryclose to the existing Tournaisian-Viséan boundary ....................................................................... 6The Viséan-Serpukhovian boundary: summary of progressmade on research goals established at the XV-ICCP Carboniferous Workshop in Utrecht ........... 7Report of the Task Group to establish a GSSP close to the existingBashkirian-Moscovian boundary ................................................................................................... 8Report of the Task Group to establish GSSPs at the Moscovian-Kasimovianand Kasimovian-Gzhelian boundaries ........................................................................................... 9Report of the Project Group “Upper Paleozoic boreal biota,stratigraphy and biogeography” ................................................................................................... 10Report of the Carboniferous Magnetostratigraphy Project Group ..................................................... 11CONTRIBUTIONS BY MEMBERS ................................................................................................... 12Correlation of the base of the Viséan Stage in the typeMississippian region of North America (Sevastopulo and Devuyst) ........................................... 12Report on the First Meetingon Upper PaleozoicChronostratigraphy of South America (Azcuy) ........................................................................... 15Are regional stages necessary ? (González) ......................................................................................... 16Carboniferous Correlation Table (CCT)Karbon-Korrelationstabelle (KKT) (Amler and Gereke) ............................................................ 17Bivalve biostratigraphy of the Kulm Facies (Mississippian,Early Carboniferous) in central Europe (Amler) ......................................................................... 18Fauna and sedimentation near the Tournaisian-Viséan boundary in deep-water sedimentsof the Jangjir Range (Southern Tien-Shan), Kyrgyzstan (Neyevin and Djenchuraeva) .............. 20Viséan-Serpukhovian transition in the Middle Tien-Shan (Orlov-Labkovsky) ................................. 23Advances in understanding of the Viséan-Serpukhovian boundary in theSouth Urals and its correlation (Nikolaeva et al.) ........................................................................ 27Correlation of Viséan plant-bearing deposits of the Russian Platform (Mosseichik) ........................ 31Geography and succession of European floras during the Viséan (Mosseichik) ............................... 33Cyclothem [sequence-stratigraphic] correlation and biostratigraphy acrossthe Moscovian-Kasimovian and Kasimovian-Gzhelian Stage boundaries(Upper Pennsylvanian Series) in North America and Eurasia (Heckel et al.) ............................ 36Lower Kasimovian (Pennsylvanian) of Donskaya Luka (southern Russia) (Isakova et al.) .............. 44Reminiscences of W.H.C. Ramsbottom (1926-2004) (Saunders) ..................................................... 47ANNOUNCEMENTS ............................................................................................................................ 49SCCS VOTING & CORRESPONDING MEMBERSHIP 2005 ........................................................ 51SCCS OFFICERS AND VOTING MEMBERS 2004-2008 ................................................................ 60Carboni fe rous Newsle tter16Chacoparaná: Marilín Vergel and Pedro GutierrezTarija: Mercedes di Pasquo and Jaime OllerArizaro: CarlosAzcuy, Mercedes diPasquo, and FlorencioAceñolazaPaganzo: CarlosAzcuy,Hugo Carrizo, and NoraSabattiniUspal lata-Igl esia: Hugo Car rizo, Cecilia RodríguezAmenábar, Car los González, Arturo Tabo ada, GabrielaCisterna, and Nora SabattiniSan Rafael : SilviaCésari and Pablo PazosTepuel-Genoa: Hugo Carrizo, Art uro Taboada, CarlosGonzález, and Nora Sabattini.Are regional stages necessary?Carlos R. GonzálezDirección de Geología, Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo251, 4000 Tucumán, Rep. Argentina.The bipartit ion of the Carboniferous System adoptedby the International Commission of Stratigraphy for theworld stratigr aphic chart is impractical in Gondwana.Correlation with thePaleoequatorialrealm, from the LateViséan to the Early Permian inclusive, is n ot possible bypaleontologic means because ofendemism of thebiota.AsHeckel (2001)noted, Angara andGondwana“will need toretain regional subdivisions above the upp er part of theMississippian.” This is especially the case in Argentina,wh ere absolute ages are insufficient and som ewh atimprecise, and do not give the certainty of paleontologicmethods. Moreover, dating sequences of this intervalfrequently initiates endless discussionsabout theirpositionwithin the world stratigraphic scale, especially of thoseunits that are suspected to contain the Mid-Carboniferousand Carboniferous-Permian boundaries. For practicalreasons, it would be more desirable, and reliable, to referthese sequences to regional stages, rather than attemptingdebatable correlations with the paleoequatorial standards.The Gondwana glaciations are the most outstandingeventsof the LatePaleozoic.During this “iceage” climaticchanges and sea-levelfluctuations werethe most importantfactorsthat induced the origin, evolution, and extinctionof endemic taxa (Roberts, 1981; González, 1997), andmarine faunas reflect variationsof sea-water temperature.The best known of these are closely associated withglaciations, such as the Middle Carboniferous Levipustulafaunaand theEarly Permian Eurydesma fauna.However,other less well known assemblages are also indicators oftemperature.Marin e sequences show a changing succession oflith ofacies and biofacies that were clearly linked topaleoclimatic events. They suggest that major climaticchanges occurr ed rapidly in terms of geologic time. Themost significant of these occurred at the beginning andend of the “ice age,” and at the beginning and end of theUpper Pennsylv anian interglacial. Minor variations intemperature caused discreteglaciations, but these werenotso significant as to greatly affect faunal composition. Aftereach major climatic change, a distinct faunal assemblageflourished during lapses of more or less stable, glacial ornon-glacial, climatic conditions, untilanewclimaticchangeoccurred. In the Carboniferous-Permian sequences ofArgentina, five MajorFaunal Groupscan be distinguishedwhich are closely associated with each climatic stasis.These have proved to beeffective biostratigraphic unitsata regional scale. Based on these Major Faunal Groups, Iproposed (González,1993)apreliminary sequenceof regionalstagesfor the CarboniferousandEarly Permian. These canbe matched wit h Australian faunas, which are, in turn,constrained by absolute age dates (Roberts et al., 1995;Claoué-Long et al., 1995) and allowa reliable correlationwith the paleoequatorial standards. In this regard, the Mid-Carboniferous boundary occurs somewhere within theSerpukhovian-Bashkirian Levipustula Zone.Both paleoclimatic eventsand their associated faunasare adequate for the subdivision of the lapse between theLate Mississip pian and the Early Permian in the SouthAmerican Gondwana area.A significant advance was achieved dur ing the FirstMeetingon UpperPaleozoic Chronostratigraphy of SouthAmerica, held in Gram ado, Brazil, in 2004. On thisoccasion, a concrete position was finally adopted followinga proposal by Carlos Azcuy (this issue), wh ich led to theformation of working groups that will address problemsof SouthAmerican Gondwanabiostratigraphy. The faunalsubdivision proposedin 1993 may serveas astarting pointfor future discussion s on regional stages.ReferencesClaoué-Long, J.C., W. Compston, J. Roberts, and C.M. Fanning.1995. Two Carboniferous ages: a comparison ofSHRIMP zir-con dating with conventional zircon ages and 40Ar/39Ar analy-sis, p. 3-21. In Geochronology: Time Scales and Global Strati-graphic Correlation. SEPM Special Publication, 54.González, C.R. 1993. Late Paleozoic faunal succession in Ar-gentina. Comptes Rendus XII ICC-P, 1:537-550.González, C.R. 1996. The Mid Carboniferous boundary and thebeginning of the glacial age in Argentina. Newsletter on Car-boniferous Stratigraphy, 14:12.González, C.R., 1997. Late Carboniferous Bivalvia from west-ern Argentina. Geologica et Palaeontologica, 31:193-214.Heckel, P.H. 2001. New proposal for series and stage subdivi-sion of Carboniferous System. Newsletter on CarboniferousStratigraphy, 19:12-14.Jul y 2005 17Roberts, J. 1981. Control mechanisms of Carboniferous brachio-pod zones in eastern Australia. Lethaia 14:123-34.Roberts, J., J.C. Claoué-Long, and P.J. Jones. 1995. AustralianEarly Carboniferous time, p. 23-40. In Geochronology: TimeScales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation. SEPM SpecialPublication, 54.Carboniferous Correlation Table(CCT) Karbon-Korrelationstabelle(KKT)Michael R. W. Amler and Manf red GerekeInstitut für Geologie und Paläontologie, FachbereichGeowissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str., D-35032 Marburg, Germany.Sincethe early attempts at a stratigraphic subdivisionof Carbon ifero us rocks, m any correla tion charts ofquestionable m erit have been proposed for the differentbiostratigraphic zonations and lithologicsuccessions of theCarbon iferous. For this purpo se, the results of t heCongresses on Carboniferous Stratigrap hy since 1927proved to be quite helpful, but difficulties are stillobvious(e.g., Paproth, 1969). In western Europe (i.e., therealm ofthe Carboniferous Limestone Shelf Facies), small-scaledifferences in litho- and biofacies complicate the task. Incentral Europe (i.e., the realm of the Kulm Facies), theseattempts are hampered by extremevariations in thickness,sedimentary unconformities, magmatic ex trusions, andtectonic influences. Additio nally, gaps in knowledge andlack of paleon tological revision of many fossil groupslargely prevent ed the publication of reliable correlationcharts. Consequently, many workers had to manage theirown attempts o r, for the Dinantian (i.e. , the EuropeanLower Carboniferous), use the table published by theArbeitsgemeinschaft für Dinant-Stratigraphie (1971).With support from the German Subcommission onCarboniferous St ratigraphy, th e aut hors published aCarboniferous Correlation Table (CCT;Amler and Gereke[eds.], 2002, 2003) basedon thesame system and principlesas th e highly successful Devon ian Correlation Table(Weddige, 199 6). Unlike the Devonian, however, theCarboniferousdisadvantageously lacks the framework ofa high-resolution conodont zonation.Actually, a precisemulti-str atigraphy is necessary to enable reliable andaccuratecorrelation.Furthermore, thecurrent internationalsubdivision of theCarboniferous lacks ratified GSSPs, andthe upper boundary of the system/period remains largelyunknown.In the first two issue of the CarboniferousCorrelationTable published in Senckenbergiana lethaea (Frankfurt/Main) Vol. 82 (2002) and 83 (2003) we presented thebiostratigraphicsubdivision of the Mississippian in basinal(Kulm) facies with regional stratigraphic correlationcolumns for the Rhenish Basin (Amler and Gereke [eds.],2002, 2 003). Regarding the inco mplete sedim entarysequence,no complete biozonation hasyet been establishedfor theMississippian of central Europe, either because offragmentary faunal or floralcontent oreven general lackof biota. Local and regionalbiostratigraphic zonations ofthe Kulm sequence are based on goniatite successions,trilobites, and radiolarians(Korn, 1996; Hahn and Hahn,1974; Braun and Gursky, 1991;Braun and Schmidt-Effing,1993; and earlier references therein), but seem to bevirtually unknown outside Germany. A litho logic andbiostratigraph ic correlation of Carboniferous limestoneshelf and Kulm sequences is restricted to interfingeringareas or large scale carbonate turbidites derived from theshelf edge that spreadacross the basin or, at least, parts ofit (Paproth,1969; Bender et al., 1993 and earlier referencestherein). However, serious correlation difficulties anduncertainties are still present dueto the scarcity ofcommonindex fossils, contrasting with the fine-scaled conodontzonat ion of the Upper Dev onian, wh ere correlationproblems occur only in p ure red shale sequences.Th e fo llowing par ts, which are currently underpreparation for a 2005 issue,will include the subdivisionsof the shelf facies as well as those of the Pennsylvanian.We would like to encourage all our colleagues working inbio- and litho stratigraphy or worldwide correlation tocreat e and pro vide us wit h t heir o wn column s forpublication in forthcoming issues.Th e rules and in structio ns largely follow tho secompiled by Weddige (1996, p. 268; 2000,p. 685) for theDevonian Correlation Table. We would like to stress thateach column represents an individual element, is registeredindividually under the name of the compiler, and must becited as such. Consequently, the compiler , who does notnecessarily need to be the author of the zonation, isresponsible for therespectivecolumn (see Weddige, 2000,p. 686). In each subsequent issue of the CCT previouslypublished columns may app ear in a revised version.Commentaries to individualcolumns may be published asseparate“Annotations” in Senckenbergiana lethaea.M.G. had the idea of applying the co ncept of thesuccessful Dev o nian Co r rela tio n Table t o t h eCarboniferous. First drafts of columns were compiled byM.A.and M.G. in cooperation with the authors. Thefinalarrangement an d layout of the columns was carried outby M.G. after extensive coordination with thecontributingauth o r s. As t h e rep resent at iv e o f t h e Germ anSubcommission on Carboniferous Stratigr aphy, M.A. isresponsible for the contined publication of future issuesof the CCT. Sp ecial thanks for informatio n and criticalco mmen ts are due to Diet er Korn (Berlin), Diet er

Are regional stages necessary?

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Are regional stages necessary?

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