The establishment of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) on Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) in the northeastern province of Misiones, Argentina, is described.Fil: Schliserman, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentina. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Centro de Investigaciones para la Regulación de Poblaciones de Organismos Nocivos; ArgentinaFil: Ovruski Alderete, Sergio Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentina. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Centro de Investigaciones para la Regulación de Poblaciones de Organismos Nocivos; ArgentinaFil: De Coll, Olga R.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentin

De Coll, Olga R.

Ovruski Alderete, Sergio Marcelo

Schliserman, Pablo

Florida Entomologist

English

CONICET Digital

 Scientific   Notes 491 THE ESTABLISHMENT OF  DIACHASMIMORPHA LONGICAUDATA  (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) IN MISIONES,NORTHEASTERN ARGENTINA P ABLO  S CHLISERMAN 1 , S ERGIO  M. O VRUSKI 1   AND  O LGA  R. D E  C OLL 21 Instituto Superior de Entomología-FCNeIML-UNT, CONICET, Fundación Miguel Lillo-CIRPONMiguel Lillo 251, (T4000JFE) San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, ArgentinaE-mails: schli@networld.com.ar; ovruski@infovia.com.ar 2 INTA, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo, Av. El Libertador 2472(3384) Montecarlo, Misiones, ArgentinaE-mail: odecoll@ceel.com.ar Diachasmimorpha longicaudata  originatedfrom the Indo-Pacific region, has been widely dis-seminated into America via Hawaii, and can beconsidered successfully established in most of theimporting countries, such as Colombia, CostaRica, Guatemala, El Salvador, Mexico, Nicara-gua, Trinidad, United States of America (Florida),Venezuela (Ovruski et al. 2000), and Brazil (Car-valho & Nascimento 2002). This exotic parasitoidspecies is the most widely employed parasitoidnow in use for augmentative biocontrol programsagainst fruit flies in Latin America and the south-ern United States, primarily because it is easilymass-rearing and it adapts readily to differentfruit fly species of economic importance such as Anastrepha fraterculus ,  A. suspensa  (Loew),  A.ludens  (Loew),  A. obliqua  (Macquart),  A. striata Schiner,  A. serpentina  (Wiedemann) and  Ceratitiscapitata  (Sivinski 1996), (Ovruski et al. 2000). In-terestingly,  D. longicaudata  is a common parasi-toid species of  Anastrepha  larvae particularly inexotic commercial fruit in the state of Veracruz,México (López et al. 1999), and it may enter a dryseason diapause (Aluja et al. 1998).In 1961, Argentina’s Ministry of Agricultureand Cattle, together with the National Institute ofAgricultural Technology (INTA), introduced thebraconid parasitoid of fruit flies  D. longicaudata  tothe country from Mexico. This biological controlprogram was a direct response to the establish-ment of the Mediterranean fruit fly,  Ceratitis cap-itata  (Wiedemann), in Argentina However, theeffort also hoped to control  A. fraterculus , TheSouth American fruit fly, in several citrus-growingareas where both tephritid species coexisted inwild and commercial fruit.  Diachasmimorpha lon-gicaudata  was released in 100,000 in the 1960s inthe northeastern provinces of Misiones (Monte-carlo county) and Entre Rios (Concordia county),in the northwestern provinces of Tucumán (SanMiguel de Tucumán city) and Jujuy (Calileguacounty) and the central province of Córdoba (Cruzdel Eje and Yacanto counties) Turica (1968). Newreleases of  D. longicaudata  were made in citrus or-chards in the Tucumán province in 1977 and 1986(Ovruski & Fidalgo 1994). As noted by (Ovruski etal. 1999),  D. longicaudata  was recovered immedi-ately following release in all sites. However, untilnow, there was no evidence of permanent estab-lishment in any release site.Recent fruit fly parasitoid surveys made inMontecarlo county (Misiones province) includedspecimens of  D. longicaudata . The first record ofthis species was in March 2000 attacking  A.fraterculus  larvae from  Feijoa sellowiana  L.(Myrtaceae), and it was subsequently found inFebruary and March 2001 and April 2002 (all col-lection data are listed at the end of the paper), sothat  D. longicaudata  was recovered approxi-mately 40 years after its first release in Argen-tina. Thus this exotic parasitoid has becomeestablished in at least one province of Argentina,albeit in small numbers( ≈ 1% parasitism).Fruit flies and parasitoids were identified tospecies by the authors using Zucchi’s (2000) andWharton and Gilstrap’s (1983) taxonomic keys,respectively. Voucher specimens were deposited inthe Fundación Miguel Lillo (FML) entomologicalcollection in San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina. Collection Data Argentina, Misiones, Montecarlo, Chacra La-harrague, 21-03-00, ex.  Anastrepha fraterculus  on Feijoa sellowiana , 5 males, col.: O.R. De Coll,Ident.: S.M. Ovruski—P. Schliserman.Argentina, Misiones, Montecarlo, Chacra La-harrague, 26-02-01, ex.  Anastrepha fraterculus  on Feijoa sellowiana , 1 female and 2 males, col.: O.R.De Coll, Ident.: S.M. Ovruski—P. Schliserman.Argentina, Misiones, Montecarlo, Chacra La-harrague, 05-03-01, ex.  Anastrepha fraterculus  on Feijoa sellowiana , 2 males, col.: O.R. De Coll,Ident.: S.M. Ovruski—P. Schliserman.Argentina, Misiones, Montecarlo, Chacra La-harrague, 08-04-02, ex.  Anastrepha fraterculus  on Feijoa sellowiana , 3 females and 1 male, col.: O.R.De Coll, Ident.: S.M. Ovruski—P. Schliserman.We acknowledge financial support from Con-sejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas yTécnicas de la República Argentina (CONICET)(Programa de Modernización tecnológica II PIP 492 Florida Entomologist  86(4) December 2003 0702/98) and Intituto Nacional de TecnologíaAgropecuaria (INTA)—Estación ExperimentalAgropecuaria Montecarlo, Misiones, Argentina.S UMMARY The establishment of  Diachasmimorpha longi-caudata  (Ashmead) on  Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) in the northeastern province of Mi-siones, Argentina, is described.R EFERENCES  C ITED A LUJA , M., M. L ÓPEZ ,  AND  J. S IVINSKI . 1998. Ecologicalevidence for diapause in four native and one exoticspecies of larval-pupal fruit fly (Diptera: Tephriti-dae) parasitoids in tropical environments. Ann. En-tomol. Soc. Am. 91(6): 821-833.C ARVALHO , R. S.,  AND  A. S. N ASCIMENTO . 2002. Criaçãoe utilização de  Diaschamimorpha longicaudata  paracontrole biológico de moscas das frutas (Tephriti-dae), pp. 165-179,  In  J. R. Parra, P. S. M. Botelho, B.S. Correa-Ferreira, and J. M. S. Bento [ed.], ControleBiológico no Brasil. Parasitóides e Depredadores,Editora Manole Ltda., Barueri, SP, Brasil.L ÓPEZ , M., M. A LUJA ,  AND  J. S IVINSKI . 1999. Hymenop-terous larval-pupal and pupal parasitoids of  Anas-trepha  flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Mexico. Biol.Control 15: 119-129.O VRUSKI , S. M.,  AND  P. F IDALGO . 1994. Use of parasitoids(Hym.) in the control of fruit flies (Dip.: Tephritidae)in Argentina: bibliographic review (1937-1991).IOBC/WPRS Bulletin 17(6): 84-92.O VRUSKI , S. M., J. L. C ANCINO , P. F IDALGO ,  AND  P.L IEDO . 1999. Nuevas perspectivas para la aplicacióndel control biológico contra moscas de la fruta(Diptera: Tephritidae) en Argentina. Manejo Integr.Plagas, Costa Rica 54: 1-12.O VRUSKI , S. M., M. A LUJA , J. S IVINSKI ,  AND  R. A. W HAR-TON . 2000. Hymenopteran parasitoids on fruit-infesting tephritidae (Diptera) in Latin America andthe southern United States: diversity, distribution,taxonomic status and their use in fruit fly biologicalcontrol. Int. Pest Management Reviews 5: 81-107.S IVINSKI , J. M. 1996. The past and potential of biologicalcontrol of fruit flies, pp. 369-375.  In  B. A. McPheronand G. J. Steck [ed.], Fruit fly pests: a world assess-ment of their biology and management, St. LuciePress, Delray Beach, FL.T URICA , A. 1968. Lucha biológica como medio de controlde las moscas de los frutos. IDIA 241: 29-38.W HARTON , R. A.,  AND  F. E. G ILSTRAP . 1983. Key to andstatus of Opiinae braconid (Hymenoptera: Bra-conidae) parasitoids used in Biological Control of Ceratitis  and  Dacus  s. l. (Diptera: Tephritidae). Ann.Entomol. Soc. Am. 76: 721-741.Z UCCHI , R. A. 2000. Taxonomía, pp. 13-24.  In  A. Malavasiand R. A. Zucchi [ed.], Moscas-das-frutas de Im-portância Econômica no Brasil. Conhecimento Básicoe Aplicado). Riberão Preto: Holos, Editora, Brasil.

The establishment of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Misiones, Northeastern Argentina

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The establishment of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Misiones, Northeastern Argentina

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