A survey of the eggs parasitoids of the corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott) was carried out in Tucumán Province, Argentina. Samples were collected during the summer of 2004-2005 with sentinel eggs. Anagrus nigriventris Girault was responsible for 7.2% of the total egg parasitism. That is the first record of this parasitoid reared from the eggs of D. maidis; A. nigriventris is one of three species of Anagrus known to affect populations of this leafhopper pest in Argentina.Fil: Luft Albarracin, Erica Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Virla, Eduardo Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Triapitsyn, Serguei V.. University of California; Estados Unido

Luft Albarracin, Erica Beatriz

Triapitsyn, Serguei V.

Virla, Eduardo Gabriel

Florida Entomologist

English

LAReferencia - Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas Latinoamericanas

 284 Florida Entomologist  89(2) June 2006 A NEW HOST RECORD FOR THE EGG PARASITOID  ANAGRUS NIGRIVENTRIS  (HYMENOPTERA: MYMARIDAE) OF THE CORN LEAFHOPPER,  DALBULUS MAIDIS  (HEMIPTERA: CICADELLIDAE) E RICA  L UFT  A LBARRACIN 1 , E DUARDO  G. V IRLA 1   AND  S ERGUEI  V. T RIAPITSYN 21 PROIMI-Biotecnología, Div. Control Biológico, Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros (T4001 MVB)San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina 2 University of California, Department of Entomology, Riverside, CA 92521, USA The corn leafhopper,  Dalbulus maidis  (DeLong& Wolcott), is the most common leafhopper feed-ing on corn in Argentina. It causes great losses tocorn crop in most tropical and subtropical Ameri-cas because of its ability to transmit three impor-tant pathogens: Corn stunt spiroplasma (CSS),Maize bushy stunt phytoplasma (MBSP), andMaize rayado fino virus (MRFV) (Nault & Ammar1989; Oliveira et al. 1998). The diseases caused bythese pathogens adversely affect the corn crop inArgentina (Giménez Pecci et al. 1998, 2002a, b;Virla et al. 2004).Until now, six species of parasitoids were knownfrom eggs of  D. maidis :  Anagrus breviphragma Soyka,  A. flaveolus  Waterhouse,  Anagrus  sp. (My-maridae), and  Paracentrobia subflava  (Girault), Paracentrobia  sp., and  Oligosita  sp. (Trichogram-matidae) (Marín 1987; De Santis et al. 1992; Glad-stone et al. 1994; Triapitsyn 1997; Oliveira &Spotti Lopez 2000; Virla 1999, 2001).Representatives of Mymaridae, particularly Anagrus  spp., have been utilized in several in-stances for the biological control of crop pests.Twelve described species of  Anagrus  Haliday oc-cur in Argentina (Triapitsyn 1997, 1999, 2002;Triapitsyn & Virla 2004). Of these,  A. brevi-phragma  and  A. flaveolus ,   are mentioned as af-fecting  D. maidis  populations (Triapitsyn 1997;Virla 2001, 2004).The eggs of  D. maidis  are imbedded in the corntissues, mostly along the midrib on the top side ofthe leaf (Pitre 1967). Sentinel eggs of  D. maidis were exposed to parasitization in a cornfield fromDecember 2004 to April 2005 at “El Manantial”site (Tucumán Province, Argentina: latitude26°49’50.2”S, longitude 65°16’59.4”W, elevation495 m). Potted plants containing sentinel eggswere placed inside the cornfield at no more than 3m from the edge of the field.In the laboratory, 6-10 females of  D. maidis were placed in Polyethylene-Terephtalathe cylin-drical cages (35 cm high  ×  18 cm diameter) oncorn leaves in order to obtain sentinel eggs. The D. maidis  colony was maintained at room temper-ature (25 ± 4°C), 70-80% RH, with natural sum-mer photoperiod. Potted corn plants in the vege-tative stage (three to six leaves) were checkeddaily for eggs. Eggs less than 24 h old were ex-posed for 72-96 h. After eight days, the leaveswith exposed eggs were cut from the plant andtransferred to Petri dishes containing wet tissuepaper on the bottom and covered with a clearplastic food wrap to avoid desiccation and to keepparasitoids from escaping. Parasitized eggs werechecked daily to ensure leaf quality until theemergence of adult wasps.In total, 13828 (58.1%) of 23781 eggs were par-asitized. One of the parasitoids was the mymaridwasp  Anagrus nigriventris  Girault (with 7.2% ofthe total egg parasitism). It is the first record ofthe corn leafhopper as a natural host for thisspecies of  Anagrus . Due to the importance of thediseases vectored by the corn leafhopper in theAmericas,  A. nigriventris  should be properlyevaluated as a potential biological control agentagainst this leafhopper pest. Anagrus nigriventris ,  A. breviphragma , and A. flaveolus  can be distinguished with the keys byTriapitsyn (1997, 1999, 2002).  Anagrus nigriven-tris  is one of the most common mymarid speciesin the New World, and has been recorded fromArgentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Mexico, Peru,Trinidad, Tobago, and USA (throughout, includingHawaii) (Triapitsyn 1997, 1999, 2002). Its otherhosts include the leafhoppers,  Aceratagallia  spp., Circulifer tenellus  (Baker),  Empoasca fabae  (Har-ris),  E. solana  DeLong,  Empoasca  spp.,  Erythro-neura comes  (Say),  Scaphytopius nitridus  (De-Long) (Triapitsyn & Moratorio 1998), and themirid bug,  Pycnoderes quadrimaculatus  Guérin-Méneville (Triapitsyn 1997).Voucher specimens of  A. nigriventris  resultingfrom this study are deposited in the collections ofthe Entomology Research Museum, University ofCalifornia at Riverside, USA (UCRC) and Fun-dación e Instituto Miguel Lillo at San Miguel deTucumán, Argentina (IMLA).This work was supported by FONCYT-PICTproject No 08-15029. Erica Luft Albarracin is aCONICET fellowship holder.S UMMARY A survey of the eggs parasitoids of the corn leaf-hopper,  Dalbulus maidis  (DeLong & Wolcott) wascarried out in Tucumán Province, Argentina. Sam-ples were collected during the summer of 2004-2005 with sentinel eggs.  Anagrus nigriventris  Gi- Scientific Notes 285 rault was responsible for 7.2% of the total egg par-asitism. That is the first record of this parasitoidreared from the eggs of  D. maidis ;  A. nigriventris  isone of three species of  Anagrus  known to affectpopulations of this leafhopper pest in Argentina.R EFERENCES  C ITED C HIAPPINI , E., S. V. T RIAPITSYN ,  AND  A. D ONEV . 1996.Key to the Holarctic species of  Anagrus  Haliday (Hy-menoptera: Mymaridae) with a review of the Nearcticand Palaearctic (other than European) species anddescriptions of new taxa. J. Nat. Hist. 30: 551-595.D E  S ANTIS , L., E. V IRLA ,  AND  R. M ARAGLINO  [sic] [Mara-gliano]. 1992. Presencia de  Anagrus flaveolus  en laArgentina parasitoide de un insecto dañino del trigoy maíz (Insecta - Hymenoptera - Mymaridae). Rev.Fac. Agronom. 13(1): 19-23.G IMÉNEZ  P ECCI , M., E. O LIVEIRA , R. R ESENDE , I. L A-GUNA , L. C ONCI , A. A VILA , P. H ERRERA , E.G ALDEANO , E. V IRLA ,  AND  C. N OME . 2002. Ocorren-cia de Doenças causadas por molicutes e por vírusem milho nas províncias de Tucumán e de Córdobana Argentina. Fitopat. Brasileira 27: 403-407.G LADSTONE , S., A. D E  L A  L LANA , R. R IOS ,  AND  L. L OPEZ .1994. Egg parasitoids of the corn leafhopper  Dalbu-lus maidis  (De Long & Wolcott) (Homoptera: Ci-cadellidae) in Nicaraguan maize. Proc. Entomol. Soc.Washington 96: 143-146.M ARÍN , R. 1987. Biología y comportamiento de  Dalbulusmaidis  (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Rev. Peruana En-tomol. 30: 113-117.M EYERDIRK , D. E.,  AND  M. S. M ORATORIO . 1987. Biologyof  Anagrus giraulti  (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), anegg parasitoid of the beet leafhopper,  Circulifertenellus  (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Ann. Entomol.Soc. America 80(2): 272-277.N AULT , L. R.,  AND  D. A MMAR . 1989. Leafhopper andplanthopper transmission of plant viruses. Annu.Rev. Entomol. 34: 503-529.O LIVEIRA , C.,  AND  J. S POTTI  L OPEZ . 2000. Parasitoidesde ovos da cigarrinha-do-milho,  Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), emPiracicaba. Rev. Agric. 75: 263-270.P ITRE , H. N. 1967. Greenhouse studies of the host rangeof  Dalbulus maidis , a vector of the Corn Stunt Virus.J. Econ. Entomol. 60 (2): 417-421.T RIAPITSYN , S. V. 1997. The genus  Anagrus  (Hymenop-tera: Mymaridae) in America south of the UnitedStates: a review. CEIBA 38(1): 1-12.T RIAPITSYN , S. V. 1999. A review of the species of Anagrus  Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae)collected by A. A. Ogloblin in Argentina. Russian En-tomol. J. 8(3): 213-222.T RIAPITSYN , S. V. 2002. Descriptive notes on a new andother little known species of  Anagrus  Haliday, 1833(Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) from the New Worldtropics and subtropics. Entomotropica 17(3): 213-223.T RIAPITSYN, S. V., AND J. W. BEARDSLEY. 2000. A reviewof the Hawaiian species of Anagrus (Hymenoptera:Mymaridae). Proc. Hawaiian Entomol. Soc. 34: 23-48.TRIAPITSYN, S. V., AND M. S. MORATORIO. 1998. Host as-sociations of Anagrus nigriventris Girault (Hy-menoptera: Mymaridae) and techniques for itsrearing under insectary conditions, pp. 185-191 InS. A. Hassan [ed.], Egg Parasitoids. 5th Interna-tional Symposium. International Organization forBiological Control, Cali, Columbia, March 1998. Mit-teilungen aus der Biologischen Bundesanstalt fürLand- und Forstwirtschaft, Berlin-Dahlem, H. 356.Parey Buchverlag Berlin.TRIAPITSYN, S. V., AND E. G. VIRLA. 2004. A newAnagrus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) from Argen-tina, an egg parasitoid of Delphacodes sitarea(Hemiptera: Archaeorrhyncha: Delphacidae). Flor-ida Entomol. 87(3): 383-385.VIRLA, E. 1999. Aportes acerca de la bionomía de Para-centrobia subflava (Hymenoptera: Trichogramma-tidae), parasitoide de Hemipteros Cicadeloideosargentinos. Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argentina 58(3-4): 17-22.VIRLA, E. 2001. Notes on the biology of Anagrus brevi-phragma (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), natural en-emy of the corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis(Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and other plant diseasesvectors in South America. Bol. Sanidad Veg. “Plagas”27(2): 239-247.VIRLA, E., C. DÍAZ, P. CARPANE, I. LAGUNA, J. RAMALLO,L. GÓMEZ, AND M. GIMÉNEZ PECCI. 2004. Evaluaciónpreliminar de la disminución en la producción demaíz causada por el “Corn Stunt Spiroplasma” (CSS)en Tucumán, Argentina. Bol. Sanidad Veg. “Plagas”30: 403-413.

A New Host Record for the Egg Parasitoid Anagrus nigriventris (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of the Corn Leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

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A New Host Record for the Egg Parasitoid Anagrus nigriventris (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of the Corn Leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

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