Background: Both HIV and depression are associated with increased heart failure (HF) risk. Depression, a common comorbidity, may further increase the risk of HF  among HIV+ adults. We assessed the association between HIV, depression and incident HF. Methods and Results: Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) participants free from cardiovascular disease at baseline (N = 81,427; 26,908 HIV+, 54,51

Bedimo, Roger J.

Budoff, Matthew J.

Butt, Adeel A.

Chang, Chung-Chou H.

Freiberg, Matthew S.

Gibert, Cynthia L.

Gottdiener, John S.

Gottlieb, Stephen S.

Gupta, Samir Kumar

Justice, Amy C.

Khambaty, Tasneem

Kop, Willem J.

Leaf, David A.

Rimland, David

Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C.

So-Armah, Kaku A.

Stewart, Jesse C.

Tindle, Hilary

White, Jessica R.

Circulation

PubMed

BackgroundBoth HIV and depression are associated with increased heart failure (HF) risk. Depression, a common comorbidity, may further increase the risk of HF among adults with HIV infection (HIV+). We assessed the association between HIV, depression, and incident HF.Methods and resultsVeterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) participants free from cardiovascular disease at baseline (n=81 427: 26 908 HIV+, 54 519 without HIV [HIV-]) were categorized into 4 groups: HIV- without major depressive disorder (MDD) [reference], HIV- with MDD, HIV+ without MDD, and HIV+ with MDD. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes from medical records were used to determine MDD and the primary outcome, HF. After 5.8 years of follow-up, HF rates per 1000 person-years were highest among HIV+ participants with MDD (9.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 8.20-10.6). In Cox proportional hazards models, HIV+ participants with MDD had a significantly higher risk of HF (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.45-1.95) compared with HIV- participants without MDD. MDD was associated with HF in separate fully adjusted models for HIV- and HIV+ participants (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06-1.37; and adjusted hazard ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.11-1.51, respectively). Among those with MDD, baseline antidepressant use was associated with lower risk of incident HF events (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.58-0.99).ConclusionsOur study is the first to suggest that MDD is an independent risk factor for HF in HIV+ adults. These results reinforce the importance of identifying and managing MDD among HIV+ patients. Future studies must clarify mechanisms linking HIV, MDD, antidepressants, and HF and identify interventions to reduce HF morbidity and mortality in those with both HIV and MDD

White, Jessica R

Chang, Chung-Chou H

So-Armah, Kaku A

Stewart, Jesse C

Gupta, Samir K

Butt, Adeel A

Gibert, Cynthia L

Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C

Leaf, David A

Bedimo, Roger J

Gottdiener, John S

Kop, Willem J

Gottlieb, Stephen S

Budoff, Matthew J

Tindle, Hilary A

Justice, Amy C

Freiberg, Matthew S

eScholarship - University of California

Depression and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Are Risk Factors for Incident Heart Failure Among Veterans


            Background—
            Both HIV and depression are associated with increased heart failure (HF) risk. Depression, a common comorbidity, may further increase the risk of HF among adults with HIV infection (HIV+). We assessed the association between HIV, depression, and incident HF.
          
          
            Methods and Results—
            
              Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) participants free from cardiovascular disease at baseline (n=81 427: 26 908 HIV+, 54 519 without HIV [HIV−]) were categorized into 4 groups: HIV− without major depressive disorder (MDD) [reference], HIV− with MDD, HIV+ without MDD, and HIV+ with MDD.
              International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision
              codes from medical records were used to determine MDD and the primary outcome, HF. After 5.8 years of follow-up, HF rates per 1000 person-years were highest among HIV+ participants with MDD (9.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 8.20–10.6). In Cox proportional hazards models, HIV+ participants with MDD had a significantly higher risk of HF (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.45–1.95) compared with HIV− participants without MDD. MDD was associated with HF in separate fully adjusted models for HIV− and HIV+ participants (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06–1.37; and adjusted hazard ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.11–1.51, respectively). Among those with MDD, baseline antidepressant use was associated with lower risk of incident HF events (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.58–0.99).
            
          
          
            Conclusions—
            Our study is the first to suggest that MDD is an independent risk factor for HF in HIV+ adults. These results reinforce the importance of identifying and managing MDD among HIV+ patients. Future studies must clarify mechanisms linking HIV, MDD, antidepressants, and HF and identify interventions to reduce HF morbidity and mortality in those with both HIV and MDD.
          </jats:sec

Jessica R. White

Chung-Chou H. Chang

Kaku A. So-Armah

Jesse C. Stewart

Samir K. Gupta

Adeel A. Butt

Cynthia L. Gibert

David Rimland

Maria C. Rodriguez-Barradas

David A. Leaf

Roger J. Bedimo

John S. Gottdiener

Willem J. Kop

Stephen S. Gottlieb

Matthew J. Budoff

Tasneem Khambaty

Hilary A. Tindle

Amy C. Justice

Matthew S. Freiberg

Crossref

BackgroundBoth HIV and depression are associated with increased heart failure (HF) risk. Depression, a common comorbidity, may further increase the risk of HF among adults with HIV infection (HIV+). We assessed the association between HIV, depression, and incident HF.Methods and ResultsVeterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) participants free from cardiovascular disease at baseline (n=81 427: 26 908 HIV+, 54 519 without HIV [HIV−]) were categorized into 4 groups: HIV− without major depressive disorder (MDD) [reference], HIV− with MDD, HIV+ without MDD, and HIV+ with MDD. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes from medical records were used to determine MDD and the primary outcome, HF. After 5.8 years of follow-up, HF rates per 1000 person-years were highest among HIV+ participants with MDD (9.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 8.20–10.6). In Cox proportional hazards models, HIV+ participants with MDD had a significantly higher risk of HF (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.45–1.95) compared with HIV− participants without MDD. MDD was associated with HF in separate fully adjusted models for HIV− and HIV+ participants (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06–1.37; and adjusted hazard ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.11–1.51, respectively). Among those with MDD, baseline antidepressant use was associated with lower risk of incident HF events (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.58–0.99).ConclusionsOur study is the first to suggest that MDD is an independent risk factor for HF in HIV+ adults. These results reinforce the importance of identifying and managing MDD among HIV+ patients. Future studies must clarify mechanisms linking HIV, MDD, antidepressants, and HF and identify interventions to reduce HF morbidity and mortality in those with both HIV and MDD.Keywords: depression, epidemiology, heart failure, HI

White, J.R.

Chang, C.C.

So-Amah, K.A.

Stewart, J.C.

Gupta, S.K.

Butt, A.A.

Gibert, C.L.

Rimland, D.

Rodriguez-Barradas, M.C.

Leaf, D.A.

Bedimo, R.J.

Gottdiener, J.S.

Kop, W.J.

Gottlieb, S.S.

Budoff, M.J.

Khambaty, T.

Tindle, H.A.

Justice, A.C.

Freiberg, M.S.

Tilburg University Repository

Depression and human immunodeficiency virus infection are risk factors for incident heart failure among veterans:Veterans Aging Cohort Study.

IUPUIScholarWorks

Depression and HIV Infection are Risk Factors for Incident Heart Failure Among Veterans: Veterans Aging Cohort Study.

Background Both HIV and depression are associated with increased heart failure (HF) risk. Depression, a common comorbidity, may further increase the risk of HF among adults with HIV infection (HIV+). We assessed the association between HIV, depression, and incident HF. Methods and Results Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) participants free from cardiovascular disease at baseline (n=81 427: 26 908 HIV+, 54 519 without HIV [HIV−]) were categorized into 4 groups: HIV− without major depressive disorder (MDD) [reference], HIV− with MDD, HIV+ without MDD, and HIV+ with MDD. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes from medical records were used to determine MDD and the primary outcome, HF. After 5.8 years of follow-up, HF rates per 1000 person-years were highest among HIV+ participants with MDD (9.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 8.20–10.6). In Cox proportional hazards models, HIV+ participants with MDD had a significantly higher risk of HF (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.45–1.95) compared with HIV− participants without MDD. MDD was associated with HF in separate fully adjusted models for HIV− and HIV+ participants (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06–1.37; and adjusted hazard ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.11–1.51, respectively). Among those with MDD, baseline antidepressant use was associated with lower risk of incident HF events (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.58–0.99). Conclusions Our study is the first to suggest that MDD is an independent risk factor for HF in HIV+ adults. These results reinforce the importance of identifying and managing MDD among HIV+ patients. Future studies must clarify mechanisms linking HIV, MDD, antidepressants, and HF and identify interventions to reduce HF morbidity and mortality in those with both HIV and MDD. Keywords: depression, epidemiology, heart failure, HI

NARCIS 

Depression and human immunodeficiency virus infection are risk factors for incident heart failure among veterans: Veterans Aging Cohort Study.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.014443

Depression and HIV Infection are Risk Factors for Incident Heart Failure Among Veterans: Veterans Aging Cohort Study.

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eScholarship - University of California

Crossref

Tilburg University Repository

IUPUIScholarWorks

Tilburg University Repository

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