Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb
Abstract
In two year experiments a survey was carried out on the presence of plant viruses in Hungarian rivers and lakes. Water samples from 14 rivers and three lakes were collected and after concentrating by ultracentrifugation they were tested by ELISA method for the presence of 26 plant viruses. The results of the serological tests were confirmed by biological assay on herbaceous test plants. According to the results, out of 47 investigated water samples 17 proved to contain infectious plant viruses belonging to caria- (PVM, PVS), cucunio- (CMV), monogemini- (WDV), necro- (TNV), nepo- (ArMV), poly- (PPV, ZYMV), tobra- (TRV) and tospovinis (TSWV). CMV, PVM and PPV were found more often. ArMV, PVM, TSWV, WDV and ZYMV were found for the first time in natural waters.Tijekom dviju godina istraživana je nazočnost biljnih virusa u površinskim vodama Mađarske, u 14 rijeka i tri jezera. Sadržaj 47 prikupljenih uzoraka vode, svaki volumena 500 mL, bio je najprije koncentriran visokookretajnim centrifugiranjem. Nastali taloži bili su zatim otopljeni zasebno u dva odgovarajuća pufera i istraženi osjetljivom serološkom metodom ELISA pomoću antiseruma od 26 virusa i na osnovi reakcije pokusnih biljaka nakon njihove mehaničke inokulacije. Nazočnost infekcioznih virusa dokazana je u 17 uzoraka vode, i to ukupno njih 10: M virus krumpira (PVM), S virus krumpira (PVS) (rod: Carlavirus), virus mozaika krastavca (CMV) (rod: Cucumovirus), virus kržljavosti pšenice (WDV) (rod: Monogeminivirus), virus nekroze duhana (TNV) (rod. Necrovirus), virus mozaika gušarke (ArMV) (rod: Nepovirus), virus šarke šljive (PPV) i virus žutog mozaika tikvice (ZYMV) (rod: Potyvirus), virus šuštavosti duhana (TRV) (rod: Tobravirus) i virus pje- gavosti i mozaika rajčice (TSWV) (rod: Tospovirus). Nađena su i daljna dva virusna izolata koja zasad još nisu identificirana. Nešto češće od drugih virusa bili su nađeni CMV, PVM i PPV. Od naprijed navedenih virusa po prvi puta uopće otkriveni su u prirodi kao kontaminantni u vodama ArMV, PVM, TSWV, WDV i ZYMV.
U radu se daje pregled dosadašnjih nalaza biljnih virusa u površinskim vodama (uglavnom vodotoci i jezera) zemalja svijeta
