The paper presents data on the assessment of the size of elementary population among the residents of Central Russia. It has been defined that population-genetic study of the residents of Central Russia should be carried out at the level of raion, which is an elementary population. The size of elementary population should be taken into account when forming the samples for further genetic and epidemiological surveys of populatio

Batlutskaya, I. V.

Krikun, E. N.

Rudyh, N. A.

Sergeeva, K. N.

Sorokina, I. N.

DSpace at Belgorod State University

ISSN: 1674-0440 284   Genetic and Demographic Characteristics of Population of Central Russia Inna N. Sorokina1, Kristina N. Sergeeva2, Irina V. Batlutskaya2, Evgenij N. Krikun2, Natalia A. Rudyh2, Svetlana S. Sirotina2    1 Belgorod State University, 308015, Belgorod, Pobedy Street, 85, Russia; e-mail: sorokina@bsu.edu.ru  2 Belgorod State University, 308015, Belgorod, Pobedy Street, 85, Russia  Abstract The paper presents data on the assessment of the size of elementary population among the residents of Central Russia. It has been defined that population-genetic study of the residents of Central Russia should be carried out at the level of raion, which is an elementary population. The size of elementary population should be taken into account when forming the samples for further genetic and epidemiological surveys of population.  1. INTRODUCTION        When conducting population genetic studies, an important task is to determine the size of elementary population. One of the indicators, allowing to estimate the size of elementary population, is the endogamy index. According to L.L. Cavalli-Sforsa and W.F. Bodmer, endogamy index is the proportion of husbands and wives, born in the same population (1). The higher is the level of endogamy in the population, the more often the spouses come from the same population, and the higher is likelihood that they are relatives and, therefore, they have the same genes, derived from common ancestors. Endogamy, in contrast to migrations, leads to an increase in genetic differences in the subpopulations, which are the part of a single population of higher level. The population can be considered as independent evolutionary unit, if it receives no more than 50% of gametes, occurring in the population and leading to childbirth (9). The endogamy index allows to establish, to a certain extent, the natural boundaries of populations. It is of great importance in the studies of population (4), in particular when forming samples for further medical-genetic and genetic-epidemiological research of the population (2). The endogamy index was widely used in population-genetic studies, carried out in the Kostroma and Kirov oblasts (4) the Rostov oblast (7; 1), the Kursk oblast (6; 12), Moscow (8), in Krasnodar Krai (5) and in a number of other populations (11). The values of endogamy index in the studied Russian populations are distinguished by considerable variability. In general, the endogamy index is higher in rural populations, compared to urban, but the variability of endogamy index is high as in urban, as in rural populations. In accordance with the foregoing, the endogamy index in four regional populations of three oblasts (Belgorod, Kursk, Voronezh) of Central Russia for the period 1990-2000, was studied in this research.  2. Materials and Methods   In order to estimate the size of elementary population, the endogamy index was calculated. 2015 records in the register books of marriages from the archives of Civil Registry Offices, located in 4 raions of the Belgorod, Kursk and Voronezh oblasts, were the material for the study of endogamy index. The data on the place of birth of spouses were received from the register books of marriages. The endogamy index was determined on the basis of the spouses' birth places. According to L.L. Cavalli-Sforsa and W.F. Bodmer, the endogamy index for a given population is calculated as the proportion of husbands and wives, born in this population (3).         The level of endogamy was estimated in accordance with the “administrative rank” of populations: at the level of rural municipality, at the raion level, at the oblast level. Existent administrative units - rural municipalities, raions, oblasts, as a rule, ORIGINAL ARTICLE Correspondence Author: Inna N. Sorokina Email address: sorokina@bsu.edu.ru Received: 04-08-2018 Revised: 12-09-2018 Accepted:25-11-2018 Keyword   Genetics, : ISSN : 1674-0440    Volume 45 | Journal of International Pharmaceutical Research are based on historically established hierarchical groups of populations (rural parish, county, governorate). Their current infrastructure also affects the structure of marital migrations. Elementary population is the population, which consists of at least 50% of endogamous marriages (9).  3. Results  It was defined, that the proportion of marriages, concluded within the rural municipality at the present time, was low (on average for 19 rural municipalities — 0.29). The index of endogamy in any of 19 rural municipalities of four districts of three regions did not exceed 0.38 (Table 1). In the rural municipalities of Krasnensky raion of the Belgorod oblast, the average value of endogamy index was 0.33, and varied from 0.23 to 0.36. In another raion of the Belgorod oblast (Prokhorovsky), the endogamy index at the level of rural municipality was even lower - 0.28, and varied from 0.17 to 0.37. Similar data were obtained for rural municipalities of the border raions of the Kursk oblast (0.26 with variability from 0.16 to 0.38) and the Voronezh oblast (0.27, varying from 0.13 to 0.38). Low values of the endogamy index don’t allow to consider the rural municipality as an elementary population, both in the Belgorod, Kursk and Voronezh oblasts. Since, the elementary population should consist of at least 50% of endogamous marriages (9). Then we considered a larger level of population structure - the level of administrative raions. Table 1 shows the proportion of marriages, concluded by the residents of rural municipalities within their raions. This means that we consider endogamy at the raion level of population organization.   Table (1) Index of endogamy at the population level of rural municipality in the Belgorod, Kursk and Voronezh regions (oblast) in the 1990s Studied populations  (rural municipality) The population  in 1998. Sample size Sources of marriage migrations given rural  municipality given raion given oblast Prokhorovsky raion of the Belgorod oblast (1978–1995 s.) 1. Plotavsky 770 101 0.17 0.50 0.69 2. Podoleshensky 2303 127 0.36 0.55 0.72 3. Prelestnensky 1232 76 0.20 0.50 0.63 4. Kolomytsevsky 1501 109 0.37 0.55 0.83 5. Kholodnyansky 1503 114 0.30 0.50 0.74 on average 1462 105 0.28 0.52 0.72 Krasnenskiy raion of the Belgorod oblast (1987–1999 s.) 1. Gorkinsky 1255 104 0.36 0.50 0.60 2. Gotovsky 1165 101 0.36 0.47 0.59 3. Kamysinsky 2547 205 0.33 0.53 0.79 4. Krasnensky 2976 138 0.23 0.45 0.54 5. Raskhovetsky 1481 92 0.35 0.49 0.70 on average 1885 128 0.33 0.49 0.64 Pristenskii raion of the Kursk oblast (1991–2001 s.) 1. Bobryshevsky 2036 89 0.28 0.50 0.59 2. Nagolensky 572 100 0.16 0.49 0.54 3. Pristenskii 509 102 0.17 0.57 0.61 4. Psaltery 803 96 0.38 0.56 0.69 5. Sredneolshansky 667 80 0.30 0.45 0.49 on average 917 93 0.26 0.51 0.58 Repyevsky raion of the Voronezh oblast (1994-2001 s.) 1. Butyrsky 1583 54 0.28 0.54 0.70 2. The Krasnopolyevsky 1626 88 0.38 0.58 0.78 3. Platavsky 1182 82 0.29 0.44 0.67 4. Rep'evsky 6409 157 0.13 0.44 0.62 on average 2700 95 0.27 0.50 0.69  286  Notes: sources of marriage migrations (rural municipality, raion, oblast) were determined for each rural municipality, as the ratio of the number of marriages between the persons, born in the given population (rural municipality, raion, oblast), to the total number of marriages in this rural municipality.   The size of marriage migrations within the raion in the Belgorod oblast varies insignificantly: from 0.45 to 0.55. In rural populations of Prokhorovsky raion of the Belgorod oblast, the endogamy index at the raion level of organization was 0.52, with variability from 0.50 to 0.55. In Krasnensky raion of the Belgorod oblast, the endogamy index at the raion level was slightly lower and amounted to 0.49, varying from 0.45 to 0.53. In populations of the Kursk and Voronezh oblasts, the index of endogamy at the raion level exceeds the critical value of 0.50. In Repyevsky raion of the Voronezh oblast, this index corresponds to a critical value of 0.50, varying from 0.44 to 0.58. In Pristenskii raion of the Kursk oblast, the endogamy index at the raion level of population organization is 0.51, with variability from 0.45 to 0.57. The values of endogamy index, calculated for marital migrations, within the considered rural municipalities varied from 0.49 to 0.83, averaging 0.66. The data obtained give reason to consider the rural municipality as an elementary population in the Belgorod, Kursk and Voronezh oblasts, since the endogamy indices for elementary population, located within one raion, are 0.50-0.52. This corresponds to the standard criterion for defining the elementary population —the population is considered as independent unit if it contains at least 50% of endogamous marriages. Krasnensky raion of the Belgorod oblast is also approaching to this criterion, although it does not reach it (0.49). Since at present, the raion is the elementary population of the Central Black Earth Region, we have defined the endogamy index at the population level of raion. (Table 2). The value of endogamy index as a whole for Prokhorovsky raion of the Belgorod oblast and Pristenskii raion of the Kursk oblast was 0.52. The value of this index for Krasnensky raion of the Belgorod oblast and the adjacent Repyevsky raion of the Voronezh oblast was 0.49. On average, the value of endogamy index, calculated at the raion level, for the population from south of Central Russia was 0.51. This meets the criterion for defining the elementary population (0.5). These data confirm once again that the raion is the elementary population in Central Russia.  Table (2) The index of endogamy at the population level of raion in the Belgorod, Voronezh and Kursk oblasts in the 1990s  Notes: sources of marriage migrations (raion, oblast) were determined for each raion, as the ratio of the number of marriages between persons, born in a given population (raion, oblast), to the total number of marriages, concluded in the area.     4. Discussion   Our research shows that the raion is the elementary population in the Belgorod, Kursk and Voronezh oblasts of Central Russia. Obtained data are completely consistent with the results of population-demographic studies, carried out in the Kostroma (5) and Kursk oblasts (6). In the raions of the Kostroma oblast, the endogamy index was 0.48–0.64 (5). The authors of the work (6) showed, that in Studied raions  The population  Sample size Sources of marriage migrations  given raion given oblast Krasnenskiy raion  (Belgorod oblast) 16070 640 0.49 0.66 Prokhorovsky raion  (Belgorod oblast) 32576 525 0.52 0.73 Repyevsky raion (Voronezh oblast) 18672 380 0.49 0.68 Pristenskii raion (Kursk oblast) 21368 465 0.52 0.59 on average 22171 502 0.51 0.67 ISSN : 1674-0440    Volume 45 | Journal of International Pharmaceutical Research 1987-1990, the endogamy index was 0.46 in rural raion populations of the Kursk oblast. Somewhat different results were obtained as a result of population-genetic study of the residents of Rostov oblast (7; 1). The authors have shown that the average index of endogamy for the rural population of the Rostov region was 0.34. At the same time, from 41% to 69% of marriages were registered on the territory of the Rostov region, and from 78% to 85% of marriages – on the territory of Russia. Based on these data, the authors conclude, that the elementary population for the rural residents of the Rostov region is practically the entire oblast.  5. Conclusion  Thus, as a result of the study, it was established that population-genetic and genetic-epidemiological studies of the residents of Central Russia should be carried out at the level of raion, which now is the elementary population.   REFERENCES  [1] Amelina, S.S., Vetrova, N.V., Amelina, M.A., Degtereva, E.V., Ponomareva, T.I., Elchinova, G.I., Zinchenko, R.A., Michailova, L.K., (2014). The load and diversity of hereditary diseases in four raions of Rostov oblast. Russian Journal of Genetics. 50 (1): 82-90. [2] Demakova, N.A., (2018). Molecular and genetic characteristics of patients with hyperplasia and endometric polyps. Research Result. 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Genetic and demographic characteristics of population of Central Russia

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Genetic and demographic characteristics of population of Central Russia

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