The article discusses the aspects of sectoral constraints, their impact on economy of Russia and its economic security. The author offers directions of increase of level of economic security due to the sectoral development of the economyyesBelgorod State National Research Universit

Orlov, A. V.

DSpace at Belgorod State University

6 1 6 0 014001200100080060040020002011 2012 2013 2014Picture. New housing in the Belgorod region (2011 -2014)However, despite the progress made in the area is a high need to provide housing for certain categories of cit­izens of certain federal and regional legislation.In addition, the housing problem is exacerbated by a high degree of deterioration of the housing stock. The housing stock of the Belgorod region, referred to the old and dilapidated, increased in 2013 compared to 2011 by 2.5 times and amounted to 665.3 of total area. It should be emphasized that in the Belgorod region in the past five years, since 2009, an average annual growth of old and dilapidated housing was 12%.Thus, the situation with the provision of housing in Russia is currently quite complicated. One of the most poignant moments is that the majority o f citizens living in dilapidated houses, not able to buy or get on the housing conditions of employment of satisfactory quality. The main problem in the provision of shelter is the lack o f public funds. Just remains unsolved problem of the affordability of housing for people with different income levels.The problem of availability of housing in Russia remains valid. The social and political importance of the is­sues of shelter can not be overstated, they are dependent on the quality and standard of living. In Russia, housing affordability is far behind the developed countries, and therefore particularly important state regulation o f  housing.References1. Grudtsyna, LA Housing policy in Russia: Past and Future [Text] / L.A.Gruditsyna. -  M .: Higher School of Economics, 2014. -  422 s.2. Puzanov AV Housing policy in Russia -  the myths, misconceptions and reality [Text]: the textbook / ed. TM Drobat - M „  2013. -  388 p. '3. Bunkin MK, AM Semenov Semenov VA, Macroeconomics. [Text]: the textbook, 3rd ed.. Rev. and add. -  M .: Business and Services, 2012. -  513 p.УДК 330.16 SECTORAL CONSTRAINTS AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE REGIONPh. D., Assoc. Orlov A. V. Belgorod, Russia Belgorod state national research UniversityAbstract: the article discusses the aspects o f sectoral constraints, their impact on economy of Russia and its econom­ic security. The author offers directions of increase of level o f economic security due to the sectoral development of the economy.Keywords: economic safety, industry, region, innovations.SECTORAL CONSTRAINTS AS A FACTOR OF SUPPORT ECONOMIC SECURITY IN THE REGIONPh. D., Assoc. Orlov A. V. Belgorod, Russia Belgorod state national research UniversityAbstract: the article examines indicators of economic security of Russia, which can be used for effective forecasting of crisis situations, internal and external threats.44602010202000202020101010101020202Keywords: economic security indicators.In regard to the leading Russian banks, energy and defense sectors of Russia since August 2014 entered into force the economic sanctions. So, the introduction o f sectoral restrictions increased the risk of recession of the Rus­sian economy in 2015-2016 and in subsequent stagnation. Assessing the main risks of the Russian economy, it should be noted that the most serious consequences have affected financial and industrial and technological sectors. The Russian banking sector has current assets that it may invest in the development of the economy, implementation of large-scale investment projects in industrial segments. In addition, Russia is involved in international financial market, and the sanctions limit access to capital markets has a negative value.The imposition of sanctions can help to strengthen the agricultural sector. For this must to do the anticyclonic policy envisages the development of state programs of import substitution and customs-tariff regulation to facilitate their implementation. The effectiv of implementation programs of import substitution is need to reindustrialization of the Russian economy.The basis o f the theory of counter-cyclical regulation constitute the program of economic growth, and the de­velopment of production over a long period of time, these provisions are disclosed in the works of R. Harrod, N. Of Kaldor, G. Bombach, A. Paulsen, N. Kondratyev, D. Lvov, etc.Since the early 90-ies of XX century Russian economy overcame the transformation crisis. The main trends of socio-economic processes in transition are modifications of the target functions, the need for restructuring the economic system, the dominance of the extensive over the intensive factors. It should be noted that a significant substitution was observed in Russia after the strong devaluation of the ruble, which occurred in 1998 after the crisis Increased the demand for domestic products was quite easily satisfied due to idle production capacity. Caused by the devaluation of the decline in imports has been a major factor of economic growth. Especially the strong positive influence of the factor of import substitution has had on manufacturing industries in 1999-2000A further process of import substitution has slowed, and again actualized by the economic crisis o f 2008­2009, which was accompanied by a significant fall of the ruble.Import substitution, in particular, concerned particular types of food products (e.g., meat, sunflower oil, sug­ar), and cars (the import o f finished cars replaced with their Assembly in Russia, with significant localization).The development of the crisis 2014-2015 compounded sectoral restrictions, and the Russian economy from this crisis, but it contributes to the restoration of industry on the basis o f innovation, improving the competitiveness of domestic producers. Foreign practice shows that countries that engaged in timely and innovative development of human, scientific, technological and industrial capacity in promising areas of the formation of a new technological order, gain substantial competitive advantages.The ongoing process of import substitution («plan of substitution»), the Ukrainian, American, European goods, and now Turkish and Egyptian products helps to support domestic producers and improve the competitive­ness of domestic products. The program of import substitution involves substantial financial costs, the accumulation of capital, additional burden on the budget, the formation of a new vertically integrated clusters and "growth points" development in Russia that requires major changes in the economy, including structural. These terms have become the new stage o f the program of modernization o f the Russian industry on the basis of wide use of innovations to create a technological platform for sustainable growth. Technology platforms are a mechanism of coordination of inter-country interactions in the implementation of innovative development programmes, and the instrument of transfer and commercialization of innovation in specific sectoral areas. Priority directions of development of sci­ence, technology, engineering and the list o f critical technologies is fixed by the decree of the President of the R us­sian Federation of 07.07.2011, No. 988.Traditionally Russia is considered a country with natural resource-based economy, its natural the land is rich, numerous deposits o f oil and natural gas determine the stability o f the fuel and energy complex of Russia, but the commodity economy is the risk of resource dependence and market problems. Over the past 10 years, oil production has increased 1.5 times, the production of iron ore by 40 %, coal -  20 %. Production potential of known deposits is about 50 years, major export resources from Russia will remain at this period.High regional asymmetry inherent in Russia, has negative consequences. Significant heterogeneity regions are able to form long-term sources of economic backwardness and become a threat to the integrity of the territory, national and economic security of the country as a whole.In strategy of regional industrial and technological development from the standpoint of sustainable trends in the main areas rapid growth of the real sector of the economy may become major cities -  Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk, Samara, Vladivostok, as well as regions with geopolitical significance -  the Irkutsk, Sakhalin and Kaliningrad regions, Altai, Kamchatka, Republic Sakha (Yakutia), the Rostov region.The majority of strategic documents, such as the Federal law «On strategic planning in the Russian Federa­tion», the Concept o f transition o f Russian Federation to sustainable development, the Concept long-term socially- economic development o f the Russian Federation for the period till 2020, Strategy of innovative development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020, declared by enhancing the role of subjects o f the Russian Federation in the sustainable development o f Russia.The industrial sector of Russia in comparison with indicators of 2013 and 2014, in 2015, characterized by a decline of 21.2 % relative to the December 2014 Industrial production in the first half of 2014, according to the Fed­447eral service of state statistics of the Russian Federation, increased by 1.5% in the second half of 1.7 %. According to Rosstat, the industrial production index in January 2015 compared with January 2014 totaled 100.9 %, compared with December 2014, 78.8 percent.In addition, negatively affects the development of the real sector of the economy, the lack of sufficient de­mand for advanced scientific and technical developments applicable industries.The processing sector remains one o f the weakest sectors o f the Russian economy. Depreciation o f fixed as­sets industry average of 60%, capital investments in industrial modernization and the creation of new competitive industries differentiated by sectors, according to the Ministry of agriculture of the Russian Federation, the additional costs of measures for import substitution of agricultural products in 2015-2020 are estimated at 636 billion rubles.The solution is a policy of reindustrialization of the economy -  modernization of the domestic industry on the basis o f an active industrial policy system, involving the upgrading of production facilities in the industry, restoring its structural (sectoral) integrity, the decision of personnel problems of industry, the alignment of the spatial charac­teristics of the industrial potential of the country.The development of the fields of industrial production, institutional and infrastructural measures are present­ed in existing state programs, «Economic development and innovative economy», «industry Development and in ­crease of its competitiveness» and the Federal law «On industrial policy in the Russian Federation». At the level of subjects of Federation be advisable to develop regional programmes in line with these documents, and specifying the mechanisms of budget planning to the objectives which are stipulated in policies, programmes, sectoral and terri­torial development, involving risk assessment, internal and external effects of the implementation o f the strategy or programme, public-private partnership.Literature1. Nikulina, E. V. a Study of indicators of fiscal security o f the region / E. V. Nikulin // Finance and Credit: LLC "Publishing house finances and Credit". 2014. -  №32(608). -  S. 14-17.2. The official website of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation / access Mode: http://cbr.ru.3. The official website of the Federal service o f state statistics of the Russian Federation / access Mode: http://www.gks.ru/УДК 786.5(476) СПАРТЫУНЫ ТУРЫЗМ НА БЕЛАРУСИ ПА ВЫ Ш КАХ ЧЭМП1ЯНАТУ СВЕТУ ПА ХАКЕЮ  2014 КОДАк.ф.н., дац. ЛюкевгчУл.П.Брэст, Беларусь Брэсцт дзяржауны унгверсгтэтАнатацыя: У артыкуле разглядаецца праблема фармавання адпаведных узаемасувязяу пампк правядзеннем буйных спартыуных спаборнщтвау микнароднага узроуню i турыстычнай галшою. На прыкладзе аналпу вынпсау чэмшянату свету па хакею у MiHCicy на БеларуЫ 2014 года аутар спрабуе вызначыць дамшантныя тэндэнцьп, яшя даюць падставу да жыццядзейнасщ спартыунаму турызму па шэрагу крытэрыяу. У дадзеным выпадку спартыуныя najsci i вынпа падаюцца хутчэй у якасщ свасасаб.чвага тавару для спажывання для шырошх колау пуб.йчнасцг а галоунай мэтай становщца дасягненне фшансава- эканаипчнага поспеху.Ключавыя словы : спартыуны турызм, чэмшянат свету, хакей, вщ овш ча як тавар, фшансавы i эканашчны поспехА ннот ация. В статье рассматривается проблема формирования соответствующих взаимосвязей между проведением крупных спортивных соревнований международного уровня и туристической отраслью. На примере анализа результатов чемпионата мира по хоккею в Минске на Беларуси 2014 года автор пытается определить доминантные тенденции, которые дают основания для жизнедеятельности спортивному туризму по ряду критериев. В данном случае спортивные события и результаты выступают скорее в качестве своеобразного товара для потребления для широких общественных слоев, а главной целью становится достижение финансово-экономического успеха.Ключевые слова : спортивный туризм, чемпионат мира, хоккей, зрелище как товар, финансовый и экономи­ческий успех448

Sectoral constraints as a factor of economic security of the region

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Sectoral constraints as a factor of economic security of the region

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