This paper is an attempt to analyze the contemporary phenomena affecting higher education. The main impact and dynamics of the innovative practices in the system of higher education are studied. The authors consider the process of globalization, the changing of supply and demand in higher education, and changes in funding of higher education as factors that have the most significant impact on the functioning of the world market of educational services, and determine the development and implementation of the innovative practices in the higher education system at the present stage of its developmen

Anosova, T. N.

Stepanenko, S. N.

DSpace at Belgorod State University

Сетевой научно-практический журналсЕрия Экономические исследованияТ Л У Ч Н Ы ИРЕЗУЛЬТАТUDC 339.924 DOI: 10.18413 / 2409-1634-2015-1-3-43-47Stepanenko S.N., Anosova T.N.INNOVATIVE PRACTICES IN  THE SYSTEM  O F  H IGH ER  EDUCATION: IM PACT, DYNAM ICS, CH ALLENGES D ETERM INING THEIR  D EVELO PM EN T A N D  M -PLEM ENTATION*Stepanenko Svetlana N ikolaevna,PhD in Philology, Associate Professor Belgorod State National Research University 85 Pobedy St., Belgorod, 308015, Russia SStepanenko@bsu.edu.ru Anosova Tatyana N ikolaevna,Associate Director of Scientific and Research Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication,PhD in Philology Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin 33 Internatsionalnaya St., Tambov, 392000, Russia TimTim2@yandex.ruA b s t r a c tThis paper is an attempt to analyze the contemporary phenomena affecting higher education. The main impact and dynamics of the innovative practices in the system of higher education are studied. The authors consider the process of globalization, the changing of supply and demand in higher education, and changes in funding of higher education as factors that have the most significant impact on the functioning of the world market of educational services, and determine the development and implementation of the innovative practices in the higher education system at the present stage of its development.J K e y w o r d s :  the system of higher education; innovative practices; globalization; supply of and demand for higher education; higher education fundingt.*Исследование выполнено в рамках гос. задания НИУ «БелГУ» на 2015 год. Проект №315№3 2015Сетевой научно-практический журналсЕрия Экономические исследования На:А у я н ы и  РЕЗУЛЬТАТУДК 339.924 DOI: 10.18413 / 2409-1634-2015-1-3-43-47ИННОВАЦИОННЫ Е ПРАКТИ КИВ  СИСТЕМЕ ВЫ СШ ЕГОСтепаненко С.Н., ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ: ВЛИЯНИЕ,Аносова Т.Н. ДИНАМ ИКА, ФАКТОРЫ,ПРЕДОПРЕДЕЛЯЮ Щ ИЕ И ХРАЗВИТИЕ И  ВНЕДРЕНИЕ*С т е п а н е н к о  С в е тл а н а  Н и к о л а е в н а ,доцент, кандидат филологических наук, доцент Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет ул. Победы, 85, 308015, г. Белгород, Россия SStepanenko@bsu.edu.ru А н о с о в а  Т а т ь я н а  Н и к о л а ев н а , помощник директора научно-исследовательского института филологии и межкулътурной коммуникации, кандидат филологических наук Тамбовский государственный университет им. Г.Р. Державина ул. Интернациональная, 33, 392000, г. Тамбов, Россия TimTim2@yandex.ru44А н н о т а ц и яНастоящая статья представляет собой попытку анализа явлений, оказывающих влияние на систему высшего образования. Изучаются влияние и динамика ин­новационных практик в системе высшего образования. Процесс глобализации, из­менение спроса и предложения в сфере высшего образования, а также изменения в финансировании высшего образования рассматриваются как факторы, оказывающие наиболее существенное влияние на функционирование мирового рынка образова­тельных услуг, и определяющие развитие и внедрение инновационных практик в си­стеме высшего образования на современном этапе его развития.Кл ю ч е в ы е  сл о в а: система высшего образования; инновационные практики; глобализация; предложение и спрос на высшее образование; финансирование выс­шего образования.№3 2015INNOVATIVE PRACTICES IN  THE SYSTEMO F HIGHER EDUCATION: IMPACT, DYNAMICS, CHALLENGES DETERMINING THEIR DEVELOPMENT AN D IMPLEMENTATIONStepan en ko S.N ., A n o so v a  T.N. НА У Ч Н Ы 1 ИРЕЗУЛЬТАТаучно-практическии ж урнаIn tro d u c tio n . In meeting the objectives of the Europe 2020 Strategy aimed at supporting the projects enhancing the quality and innova­tiveness of learning and teaching, developing new curricula, building bridges between the different sectors of education and fostering more intense forms of cooperation to achieve the moderniza­tion objectives, including a better exploitation of the open education resources, European institu­tions assigned a central role to higher education [4]. It should be noted that there is an unprec­edented demand for higher education, as well as an increased awareness of its vital importance for sociocultural and economic development. More than that, the system of higher education at the international arena is a separate branch of the global economy which can be characterized by the high rates of development [7]. The Euro­pean Commission, in particular, stressed the im­portance of higher education as a key enabler of sustainable and inclusive growth.Nowadays higher education faces great chal­lenges and difficulties related to equity of condi­tions to access into and during the study course, enhancement of quality in teaching, research and services, relevance of programmes, employ­ability of graduates, etc. [9]. This study aims in particular to contribute to a better understand­ing of the recent developments affecting higher education and determining the development and implementation of the innovative practices.M a in  P art. The development and imple­mentation of innovations in higher education systems have an impact on all the systems ele­ments of higher education system: components, relationships and functions. At the components level, a wide range of direct and indirect, indi­vidual and institutional actors are influenced by these innovations. At the relationships level, the most important effects are due to cooperation, networking and increased mobility, which may alter traditional relationships among actors or in­troduce new ones. At the functions level, the most significant impact is observed on the education function, and a more limited, but growing impact is observed on the research and engagement func­tions. This may be seen just as a manifestation of the early stage at which many of the innovative practices find themselves, rather than an effect of a minor importance of the innovation [2, 85-86].According to the Study on Innovation in Higher Education: Final Report there are three dynamics which appear to be most significant within an innovative higher education system:-  As innovation diffuses within the higher education system and touches every element of a higher education institution, the innovation pro­cess needs to be better managed;-  There is a reciprocal nature of change within an innovative higher education system: the system elements (components, relationships and functions) have an impact on the success of the innovation, while the success of the innova­tion induces further changes in the system ele­ments;-  The change induced in a higher educa­tion innovation system by the innovative prac­tices is not of a radical nature, but is rather slow and incremental, i.e. many innovation practices do not radically modify the traditional higher education institutions’ functions; on the con­trary, they provide new ways of doing traditional things that respond more efficiently to changing requirements in higher education [2, 87].The main challenges the higher education sector faces across the globe and that are driving innovation in this sector are:1) globalization pressures;2) changing of supply of and demand for higher education;3) changes in higher education funding.Globalization has been identified as a cru­cial challenge for the higher education sector. Challenges from the globalization process are connected with the fact that globalization has brought with it a weakening of national system boundaries, changing criteria of excellence, fiercer than ever competition among higher edu­cation institutions to recruit international stu­dents, imperative need to achieve global recogni­tion for courses and qualifications and increased cross-border operations by using technology as a ‘disruptive enabler’ [1].The challenges connected with changing supply of and demand for higher education come from ‘supply-side’ developments, which enable new services to be provided, as well as ex­isting ones to be improved. In fact they arise es­pecially from the use of new teaching and learn­ing technologies. For instance, online learningс е р и я  Экономические исследованияINNOVATIVE PRACTICES IN  THE SYSTEMO F HIGHER EDUCATION: IMPACT, DYNAMICS, CHALLENGES DETERMINING THEIR DEVELOPMENT AN D IMPLEMENTATIONStepan en ko S.N ., A n o so v a  T.N. НА У Ч Н Ы 1 ИРЕЗУЛЬТАТаучно-практическии ж урнаenvironments have been growing on the side of traditional learning environments and in some instances have started to replace them. The de­mand side is undergoing substantial changes as well. These include the changing students’ financial circumstances, the need of many to combine paid work or domestic duties with their study, anxieties about employment opportuni­ties, changing preferences for subjects of study, study methods, the extent of engagement with the non-academic features of university life [8] and changing lifestyles, influenced for instance by widespread use of social media [5].The challenges of funding are creating con­siderable uncertainty within many countries and institutions. In recent years, in the context of the economic crisis, particularly, increasing educa­tion costs and declining public funding have cre­ated difficulties for many higher education in­stitutions. In the USA, for example, the cost of receiving a college degree has continued to grow. Thus, as student debt in the USA in 2012 went above $1 trillion, with the average debt per stu­dent standing at more than $25,000 [3]. How­ever, if government funding for public education has declined in many countries, in turn, private investors now seem ready to provide education technology companies with the type of capital that has typically been reserved for consumer businesses. In responding to a changing fund­ing situation, higher education must either find ways of cutting costs or of generating additional revenue, or both. This implies looking at how current activities are being performed and find­ing new ways of doing them, as well as undertak­ing new activities, possibly for new markets [6].Financing of higher education require the development of appropriate planning and pol- icy-analysis capacities and strategies, based on partnerships established between higher edu­cation institutions and state and national plan­ning and co-ordination bodies, so as to secure appropriately streamlined management and the cost-effective use of resources. Higher education institutions should adopt forward-looking man­agement practices that respond to the needs of their environments. Higher education institu­tions must be given autonomy to manage their internal affairs, but with this autonomy must come clear and transparent accountability to thegovernment, parliament, students and the soci­ety. Today, when we are living in knowledge so­cieties the higher education institutions not only have a central role in such societies, but their role is also evolving rapidly. In order to adapt to changing circumstances, meet new challenges, and contribute substantially to the societies of which they are an important part, higher edu­cation institutions are required to innovate at a pace and on a scale not previously experienced in their long histories. In other words, in a world undergoing rapid changes, there is a perceived need for a new vision and paradigm of higher education, which should be student-oriented, calling in most countries for in-depth reforms and an open access policy so as to cater for ever more diversified categories of people, and of its contents, methods, practices and means of de­livery, based on new types of links and partner­ships with the community and with the broadest sectors of society.Higher education institutions should edu­cate students to become well informed and deeply motivated citizens, who can think criti­cally, analyze problems of society, look for solu­tions to the problems of society, apply them and accept social responsibilities. To achieve these goals, it may be necessary to recast curricula, using new and appropriate methods, so as to go beyond cognitive mastery of disciplines. New pedagogical and didactical approaches should be accessible and promoted in order to facili­tate the acquisition of skills, competences and abilities for communication, creative and critical analysis, independent thinking and team work in multicultural contexts, where creativity also involves combining traditional or local knowl­edge and know-how with advanced science and technology. These recast curricula should take into account the specific cultural, historic and economic context of each country. The teach­ing of human rights standards and education on the needs of communities in all parts of the world should be reflected in the curricula of all disciplines, particularly those preparing for en­trepreneurship. Academic personnel should play a significant role in determining the curriculum. New methods of education will also imply new types of teaching-learning materials. These have to be coupled with new methods of testing thatс е р и я  Экономические исследованияINNOVATIVE PRACTICES IN  THE SYSTEMO F HIGHER EDUCATION: IMPACT, DYNAMICS, CHALLENGES DETERMINING THEIR DEVELOPMENT AN D IMPLEMENTATIONStepan en ko S.N ., A n o so v a  T.N. НРАА У Ч Н Ы ИРЕЗуЛьТАТаучно-практическии ж урнаwill promote not only powers of memory but also powers of comprehension, skills for practi­cal work and creativity.C o n c lu s io n . The undertaken study has shown that the development and implementa­tion of innovations in higher education systems have an impact on all the systems elements: components, relationships and functions. Al­though blockages for innovation in higher edu­cation may occur both at the institutional and the national/regional levels, innovative practices do show the potential for delivering high-quality and equitable outcomes, in terms of widening access to higher education, granting students a more central role within the system, and provid­ing potential pathways to cope with the financial pressures that affect the system.R E FER E N CE S:1. Ball S. Global Education inc. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2012.2. Brennan J., Ryan S., Ranga M., Broek S., Durazzi N., Kamphuis B. Study on Innovation in Higher Education: Final Report. URL:h ttp ://ep rin ts.lse.ac.u k/558 19/1/ lse.a c .u k _ s t o r a g e _ lib r a r y _ s e c o n d a r y _  l ib f i le _ s h a r e d _ r e p o s ito r y _ c o n te n t_  d u ra zz i,% 2  0 n _ stu d y % 2  0 in n o v a tio n _  durazzi_study% 20innovation_ 2014.pdf] (date of access: May 23, 2015).3. Empson R. Online Education Startup Coursera Lands $16M from Kleiner & NEA, Adds John Doerr to its Board, TechCrunch, Wednesday, April 18, 2012. URL: http:// tech cru n ch .com /20 12/0 4/18 /cou rsera- raises-16m/ (date of access: June 13, 2015).4. Europe2020 Strategy. Education and Train­ing: Higher Education // European Commis­sion. URL: http://ec.europa.eu/education/ opportunities/higher-education/institu- tions_en.htm. (date of access: June 14, 2015).5. Fuller A., et al. Rethinking Widening Participation in Higher Education. London: Routledge. 2011.6. Jongbloed B. Funding Higher Education: A  View across Europe. URL: http://www. u tw e n te .n l/ b m s / c h e p s / p u b lic a tio n s /  Publications%202010/ MODERN_ Funding_Report.pdf. (date of access: June 15, 2015).7. Kamyshanchenko E.N., Stepanenko S.N. Integration of the Russian Higher Education System in the Globalizing Market of Educational Services: Conditions, Models and Factors Determining its Effectiveness // Research Result. Economic Research Series.2015. Vol 1. №1(3). Pp. 7-15.8. Orr D., et al. Social and Economic Conditions of Student Life in Europe: Synopsis of Indicators. 2012. URL: www. campuseuropae.org. (date of access: June 13, 2015).9. World Declaration on Higher Education fo r  the Twenty-First Century: Vision and Action. URL: http://www.unesco.org/ education/educprog/w che/declaration_  eng.htm. (date of access: June 18, 2015).с е р и я  Экономические исследования

Innovative practices in the system of higher education: impact, dynamics, challenges determining their development and M-plementation

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Innovative practices in the system of higher education: impact, dynamics, challenges determining their development and M-plementation

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