Preservation of forest soil and vegetation in the Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus L.) habitat within the eastern Karavanke region an the eastern Kamnik-Savinja Alps in Slovenia

Abstract

V študiji smo preuevali talne in vegetacijske razmere na devetih reprezentativnih ploskvah v habitatu divjega petelina (Tetrao urogallus L.) v visokogorju vzhodnih Karavank in vzhodnih Kamniško-Savinjskih Alp. Raziskave so potekale na ploskvah v razlinih gozdovih na rastiših divjega petelina, ki so bile sistematino izbrane glede na geološko podlago, ekspozicijo in stopnjo ohranjenosti gozdov. V drugotnih smrekovjih, ki so nastali na zarašenih pašnikih in porašajo distrina rjava tla na andezitnih grohih in na gnajsih, smo v primerjavi talnih lastnosti z dobro ohranjenim bukovimi gozdovi na podobnih rastiših zasledili znake degradacijskih procesov. V gozdovih na apnencih in dolomitih je bila rastlinska vrstna pestrost mnogo veja kot v gozdovih na nekarbonatnih kamninah. Floristina sestava in struktura vegetacijesta jasno nakazala stopnjo ohranjenosti oz. spremenjenosti gozdov tako na karbonatni kot tudi nekarbonatni matini podlagi.In the high-montane zone of the eastern Karavanke range and the eastern Kamnik-Savinja Alps of Slovenia, the soil and vegetation conditions on nine representative plots in the Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus L.) habitat were studied. The research was carried out on plots in different forest types within the Capercaillie leks, selected with regard to the different bedrock, exposure and level of forest degradation. By contrast to the well preserved beech forest, degradation processes in dystric soil on andesite tuff and gneiss of secondary spruce forest in the abandoned pastures were detected. In the forests on limestone and dolomite, the plant species diversity is much higher than in the forests on non-carbonate bedrock. On carbonate and non-carbonate bedrock, too, the level of preservation of forests (secondary forest in pastures vs. co-natural forests on permanent forest land) is significantly reflected in the floristic composition and vegetation structure