Gahne, B

Sjaunja, LO

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Sjaunja LO

Gahne B

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Genetics Selection Evolution

Simultaneous typing of alfa s<sub>1</sub>, beta, kappacaseins, betalactoglobulin, alfa-lactalbumin and serum albumin in cow milk by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

LO Sjaunja

B Gahne

Springer - Publisher Connector

SELECTION FOR GROWTH RATE AND POSSIBILITIES FOR GENETIC CHANGE IN ATLANTIC SALMON
T. GJEDREM
Dep. of Animal Genetics and Bveeding, Agvicultuval University of Norway,
I432 ÅS - NLH, Norway
The possibility for genetic change in production traits of salmon looks good when consider-
ing the magnitude of genetic variation together with the selection differential which can be applied.
At the Fish Breeding Expevim.ental Stations Sunndalsora and Averoy a selection programme is
being carried out. Selection for body weight is based on strain, full- and half sibs and indivi-
duals information. Strongest selection was applied on weight after two years in the sea. The
first generation respons of salmon fingerlings to selection for high weight at igo-day old was as
high as 30 p. ioo. This response is higher than expected and can not be explained as a direct
selection response only. It is thought that part of this response is a domestication effect.
5. - Biochemical studies
CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATION IN BOVINE BLOOD PLASMA
RELATION WITH GROWTH RATE ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY
AND THYROXINE DEGRADATION
I. EDFORS-LILJA, B. GAHNE K. LUNDSTRÖM
Dep. of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultuval Sciences,
S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
Cholesterol concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity in blood plasma were analysed
in zqq Swedish calves of both sexes and 249 young Danish bulls. Thyroxine degradation rate
was in addition determined in the Danish bulls. In both animal materials, blood samples were
taken one to three times per animal at different ages. The cholesterol level was higher in the
heifers than in the bulls at all ages, while the alkaline phosphatase activity was higher in the hei-
fers at 10 ans 16 months. Both cholesterol concentration and thyroxine degradation rate rose
with increasing age, while the age influence on alkaline phosphatase activity was more compli-
cated.
The repeatabilities of cholesterol concentration between ages were in the range 0.2 to 0.4
The repeatability estimates of alkaline phosphatase activity were between 0.3 and 0.5 For
thyroxine degradation rate, the estimate for bulls was o.4. When average data from the three
ages were used, the following estimates of heritabilities and genetic correlations were calcula-
ted. The heritability of cholesterol concentration was o.4 and o.8 for the two animal materials.
The heritability estimates of alkaline phosphatase activity were 0.3 and 0.7 respectively, and for
thyroxine degradation rate, the estimate was o.8. The genetic correlations between growth
rate and the blood parameters were 0.7 and o.8 for cholesterol concentration, 0.2 and T.0 for alka-
line phosphatase activity and o.9 for thyroxine degradation rate.
Due to the positive genetic correlations in bulls between growth rate and the blood parame-
ters studied, it may be possible to include them in an indirect selection for growth rate.
SIMULTANEOUS TYPING OF ALFA S1, BETA, KAPPACASEINS, BFTALACTOGLOBULIN, ALFA-LACTAL-
BUMIN AND SERUM ALBUMIN IN COW MILK BY POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
L. O. SJAUNJA, B. GAHNE
Dep. of Animal Bieeding and Genetics, The Swedish University of Agyicultuval Sciences,
S-75o 07 Uppsala, Sweden
A simple method of horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in a discontinuous buffer
system (Tris-citrate-borate, pH 9.0) was described for the simultaneous phenotyping of as,-,
o-, x-caseins and !-lactoglobulin, x-lactalbumm and serum albumin in cow milk. A step gra-
dient gel was used. Polymorphism was observed for asi-, 3-, x-caseins and 3-lactoglobulin.
The pretreatment of milk samples was found to be an important step for the improved separation
observed. As serum albumin fraction in mastitic cows was considerably stronger than in milk
from normal cows, this method also may be suitable for an indirect diagnosis of mastitis.
POST ALBUMIN VARIANTS IN PIG PLASMA DETECTED
BY POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
R. K. JUNEJA B. GAHNE
Dep. of Animal Bveeding and Genetics, The Swedish Univevsity of Agricultural Sciences,
7$0 0! Upfisala, Sweden
Horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with a discontinuous buffer system (Tris-
citrate-borate, pH 9.0) and io p. ioo separation gel was used to analyse plasma samples of Zlot-
nicka breed cf pigs from Poland. The material consisted of samples from 3 sires, 29 dams and
their 374 offsprings. Six different postalbumin (Po) phenotypes were observed. The analysis
of family data showed that the Po types were controlled by three codominant autosomal alleles
PoA, PoB and PoC. Each of the homozygote type showed a major band and 3 weak bands
moving cathodic to the major band. In the heterozygote types, all fractions of the two homo-
zygotes types were represented with half the staining intensity. It was, however, found diffi-
cult to distinguish between the PoA and PoAB types. Prealbumin (Pa), transferrin (Tf) and
hemopexin (Hpx) could also be typed on the same gel. TfB and TfC could be differentiated only
when the pH of the gel and electrode buffer was reduced to !.5. The use of pH 9.0 buffers was
however found to be a more convenient and rapid method for the simultaneous typing of samples
for Pa, Po, Hpx and Tf on the same gel. Further studies are needed to identify the polymorphic
Po protein described in the present report.
6. - Divers
CALCULATION OF SELECTION INDEXES THAT INCLUDES HIGHLY CORRELATED TRAITS
B. DANELL
De!. of Animal Breeding and Genetics, The Swedish University of Agyicultural Sciences,
S-qso 07 Uppsala, Sweden
In order to estimate breeding values for dairy bulls, the individual test day results in a
lactation were combined, using selection index theory. The method can in theory allow lacta-
tions of varying length (varying numbers of tests) to be combined and also the economic weight-
ing of individual test days to differ.
Some of the results of general interest from the aspect of selection index theory are presented
here. These concern the influence of genetic correlations among individual test days and their
heritability on accuracy of index, variation in selection index weights, and expected response.
Accuracy of index was not affected when the genetic correlations among the test days were altered
or when the phenotypic variances differed.
Individual b-values showed a wide variation and were especially affected by changes in the
pattern of heritabilities for the individual test days.
The percentage distribution of expected genetic response on individual test days was not
affected by the wide variation in b-values in some alternatives. Altering the phenotypic variation
of single traits had the greatest effect on the percentage distribution. Finally, it was concluded
that as selection index theory assumes error-free parameters, the choice of parameters in any
given situation is of prime importance. The commonly used YTI-value is not efficient for measuring
the influence of variations in parameters.
