Most infections were caused by non–7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotypes

Adam Jaffé

Andrew Martin

Anita Cornelius

Balfour-Lynn

Baranwal

Bekri

Burgner

Byington

Calbo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Cevey-Macherel

Claire E. Wainwright

Eastham

Esposito

Fletcher

Gillian M. Nixon

Greg Smith

Grijalva

Gwendolyn L. Gilbert

Hausdorff

Hendrickson

Hernández-Bou

Hiran Selvadurai

Hogg

Kiran Thapa

Kong

Lahti

Langley

Laurel Teoh

Le Monnier

Loens

Manuel Soto-Martinez

McAvin

Moore

Nascimento-Carvalho

Obando

Playfor

Poddar

Rob Roseby

Roxanne E. Strachan

Roxburgh

Sadasivam Suresh

Sarath Ranganathan

Singleton

Spencer

Strachan

Tanya Gulliver

Tarragó

Tim McDonald

Utine

Wang

Zhou

Emerging Infectious Diseases

English

PubMed

Strachan, Roxanne E.

Cornelius, Anita

Gilbert, Gwendolyn L.

Gulliver, Tanya

Martin, Andrew

McDonald, Tim

Nixon, Gillian

Roseby, Rob

Ranganathan, Sarath

Selvadurai, Hiran

Teoh, Laurel

The Australian National University

Bacterial causes of empyema in children, Australia, 2007-2009

An increase in the incidence of empyema worldwide could be related to invasive pneumococcal disease caused by emergent nonvaccine replacement serotypes. To determine bacterial pathogens and pneumococcal serotypes that cause empyema in children in Australia, we conducted a 2-year study of 174 children with empyema. Blood and pleural fluid samples were cultured, and pleural fluid was tested by PCR. Thirty-two (21.0%) of 152 blood and 53 (33.1%) of 160 pleural fluid cultures were positive for bacteria; Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common organism identified. PCR identified S. pneumoniae in 74 (51.7%) and other bacteria in 19 (13.1%) of 145 pleural fluid specimens. Of 53 samples in which S. pneumoniae serotypes were identified, 2 (3.8%) had vaccine-related and 51 (96.2%) had nonvaccine serotypes; 19A (n = 20; 36.4%), 3 (n = 18; 32.7%), and 1 (n = 8; 14.5%) were the most common. High proportions of nonvaccine serotypes suggest the need to broaden vaccine coverage

Directory of Open Access Journals

Bacterial Causes of Empyema in Children, Australia, 2007–2009

An increase in the incidence of empyema worldwide could be related to invasive pneumococcal disease caused by emergent nonvaccine replacement serotypes. To determine bacterial pathogens and pneumococcal serotypes that cause empyema in children in Australia, we conducted a 2-year study of 174 children with empyema. Blood and pleural fluid samples were cultured, and pleural fluid was tested by PCR. Thirty-two (21.0%) of 152 blood and 53 (33.1%) of 160 pleural fluid cultures were positive for bacteria; Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common organism identified. PCR identified S. pneumoniae in 74 (51.7%) and other bacteria in 19 (13.1%) of 145 pleural fluid specimens. Of 53 samples in which S. pneumoniae serotypes were identified, 2 (3.8%) had vaccine-related serotypes and 51 (96.2%) had nonvaccine serotypes; 19A (n = 20; 36.4%), 3 (n = 18; 32.7%), and 1 (n = 8; 14.5%) were the most common. High proportions of nonvaccine serotypes suggest the need to broaden vaccine coverage

Nixon, Gillian M.

Smith, Greg

Soto-Martinez, Manuel

Suresh, Sadasivam

Thapa, Kiran

Wainwright, Claire E.

Jaffe, Adam

University of Queensland eSpace

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Crossref

Strachan, R

Cornelius, A

Gilbert, GL

Gulliver, T

Martin, A

Mcdonald, T

Nixon, GM

Roseby, R

Ranganathan, S

Selvadurai, H

Smith, G

Soto-martinez, M

Suresh, S

Teoh, LC

Thapa, K

Wainwright, C

Jaffe, A 

UNSWorks

Strachan, RE

McDonald, T

Soto-Martinez, M

Teoh, L

Wainwright, CE

Jaffé, A

University of Melbourne Institutional Repository

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Bacterial Causes of Empyema in Children, Australia, 2007–2009

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