This report describes a machine which exerts hydrostatic pressure similar to those encountered at depth in the earth. The machine permits visual observation of pressure effects on a wax-talc mixture used to represent actual rock

Dorman, K. Robert

English

Digital Commons @ Montana Tech

Montana Tech Library Digital Commons @ Montana Tech Bachelors Theses and Reports, 1928 - 1970 Student Scholarship Spring 5-1957 A Device for Testing Model Hydrostatic Rock Pressure K. Robert Dorman Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtech.edu/bach_theses  Part of the Mining Engineering Commons 0 DEVICE 0 TI G DEL HYDROSTATIC ROCK PRESSU E A Renert Submitted to rofessor Koehler Stout ontana ~chool of 1nes s a B~ uir .P,nt for 1n1n 62 by (. obert Dorman 1957 BL OF COJ.TE TS Lit of I 1 stration bstract I. I TR DUCTI THEORY. A. R CK B. IZ III. . . v. v. DEC TIO F DEVICE . . . . . .•..• A. T E 1AC I E ER • • • • • • • B. TH RS URE TAK •••••...•.•... C. THE PU DO- OCK BODY •.•••. T 8 I G PR CE URE • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • T S A. p • I .. V C. TES VI. C CLUSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .LE s LE T DEPTH F PE I GS • • D TI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T I LS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OF A - IL-TALC MI TURES ER DD IT • • • • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 111 iv l 2 3 4 6 6 11 11 13 13 14 14 15 19 20 -11- L T I LUST TO S IGU 1. CLE I ~ CHI E . . . • . . ? F G E 2. HOT CHI E P OFER . . • . . . • . . • 9 FIGU E . VI I G ARTS I DE AIL . . . . . . • . 10 FIGU E 4. C .. PLETELY A EMBLED • . . . . . . 12 FIGURE 5. ULT OF TE T V IOUS IXTU E . . . • 16 IGU E 6. UL FT◄ T - IL-TALC ~I TU E • . • 17 FIGU E 7. F I U OF TI BR DUET GROU D PRE SU E • • 18 -111-- B C 1 r or b a ach1n h1ch t hy ostat o e 1 C l ncounter d at d th 1 th art. a din d r bb r a t 1 nd r p C n d b rv tin of pr s ur eo n r pr ent ctu 1 0 • T e heo y C by • K. Hubb r a u n h io m xtur 0 wax a d talc, 1 n lo y m ns f e 1 pla , 1 t C ob ervation windo 1r 1 admit- cou p r C o a cy 1 dr1cal t nk 1 ced ab ve the t uedo ~ock body note. t V 0 it d umber oft t ,e uit n ... n a pl C d in drift 1k d j C ur On post fail din much n r t und r round. T t 0 machin ha demon trat d the abi ity y r ur and r commends furth atio 0 1t a cab 11ty to C f1 pro le • E IC FO G ODEL HYDROST TIC ROCK P ES URi:., • I. 0 UCTIO 1 th b co bur c n titu n r t roe • b n o C in n co d1t1on e oun red at d C 0 ' b to r hi r 1 d t C n u in 1 i -talc 1 n op nin cu Th thor o l pl ind a nc ro S 0 Don 1 r. ar D n ' r. on 0 e r r 1 co tly item of m nin o 1 b d th. rt d c 1b tory mod 1, th r ctions o machine which x rte hydro a tho ncount rd at d pth upon a nd er its visual ob ervation of the ffect a f psu do-rock. 1 h to pres his grat1tud o the t the ontana School of Mins for tl r d tions· rote sor Koehler Stou cG rot ssor Fredrick Hames, y le, Mr El r Loner an, and 1 th nk a u th uthor1 r vent grater· pth h ma1 t nanc of th to th 11v ort nd planned extr ct on program deep • if way pen open mg • Roe will, in th fu ur, o both men and Tr mendou s v1n r d vi d for in no 1n r aring th manu cr1p. -1 • T O Y J. h o 0 1 d 1 t ted by Hubb rt original ar on th th1 0 ' 0 1 r tion becom u l OT:z. h I h 0 l 0 ti nd 1 g11 1bl 2 J il - od r t o of 1 th, hr 12 1 th r h n th od l l n th, then A.. 3 V1 th V 0 1 0 ol h od r tio of n 1ty b om ~ -~ h h 1 r tio of ma =fail I 0 1 tin ct 1n rt ' th· follo in mod can • • tr r t 48 -2 . h n o r t o u t tio, h ha but to choo n ity o th mo el to mak th mod l r io 0 tr an confor to actu l condit on. • oc E U A DEPTH Th theory o u on th u 1o th t th 1 hydro t tic in oc hydro tatic rock pr tur tr in a rock m sat depth rock is abl ur is ba d tor 11ev it elf Of that 1 1 o ed uff1c1ent time to do so If, hoe th pplied too suddenly, a 1 oft n th ca u in 1 n ' th rock has not im to flo an 11 by ractur. 4 Such vidence 1nd1c that rook 1 1co v cous materials of v ry high-vi - co ty.5 ub tances ar ela tico viscous in n tur, para in performe V it 1 t in one of the h mod 0 te ting mach1n, pu e ta C • In the te ts that o n a.n r 1 ax-t"'lc- 1 r u e r tactual roe. -1 n ' (London: M1n1n Pub 1c , 8 • • "'"'IZ F O I G 1 C Pe ur 1 h r h tom i o e, 1 hin 5.4 mod l r ti th y t e h 11 it • in di peni g1 er l 1 1 tion 1 o r 6 ' .? 1 e o av tion• be1n ad u b I r esur ch mb r o th tin pr ur 1 onfined t th sp c h mb r nd th rubb r nv 1 pe o p u d · ock bin t t d. th r h la tic ob rv tion 1 d , th in n ur ...,. r 1 ngth nd d nsity r oho en o atio f str agr wit actu 1 con z n o 1nflu nee around the open1n the rubber env lo • h a -tal 1 g • T lon t d sion of the 1 n c n be no great r than 1.8 in. Thi t o of in lu nee, hich 1° ual r 1 of th o ening, w thin a circl Int e ex eri ent, the major ax of the ct n was held to a minimu of 1. in., .n r1 r r nt , a 50. 50 1 the c n d • ct t ,nc of. 11 ft. of talc nd k o en For mo cu .. -ax of th s u e mi tr h d been pr pared by and e p 1- iou y r by Theodor Bethel t. 6 n , • 27. -4 n u .h mi u h 2 1 p cif c gr vity o t r o 2 7 s 'A. - a ra ? 1. • U ing C fi u or d th :f'ollo ng u t ns • c_:6X O 2 . • ? 4.8 10 l t r • r io o t 1 3 Stt= 6.55xl0 t .,ngth na. tr 3 6.55xl0 0 u t u 16 ngth o mixture ren th of 7 0 k /c 2 /c 2, </> - 2 p r nit range 8 6.55xl0- -.4.04 fro 2 g/cm 11 n In i Grou d 1 he r ort , June, 6. 8 ( or ntic - -5- 25 rz 00 lb/ft2 _ am 1 r t o- 00 -ctu 1 roe presqure r u r t. 0 .7 4.4 - 1?6 lb/ft ,160 t of d ptb 6. l 7 0 yd.ro tic pr ur of 23 p 1 vin BP 0 1 ra y 0 • t... n t ur X r d on w a r n1 t 0 I C I TI OF D VICE T V 1. 0 1 hy 0 t ti r ck pre r con 1 t m chin 0 r, t I r r t ro y • I 0 1 ur o. th machin ro r T y 1/ -1 1 n to b nd of 0 t t 1 pi • A back OU r 1 to of h 1 t 1 t n • t b C C • h in r d 0 t n TOP VIEW Scale II I I -:::. 3 Plt!!X i9la.$ 1Nirtdot.,J .L" Tl,icK Fr-o,d eJ, e- of ffv •It«,.,.. C.y 1, ,,,,J.r (a1i,>.lly fro+.,-1>~•.$) Flort5e.. h ~ .. ·-· --- .. FRO VIEW 510£ VIEW 1 U E C -7- 1 ct on h inn r 1 r o t diam t d 5/ 6 1. x 1 n. ach1n bolt (Fig. 2). S 8 c p, h ch r rou hly 1 1/2 in 1 ng, 1/2 in. id, ~ d 1/ in. r ~1m t y 60°; th v r /4 in 0 1/8 1 ro, t b C 1 n r ring /8 in. e • c lindr c 1 6 1 • nd t b n a of bol r r 0 h front out r ring 1 ring but 1 9 1/4 in. in out 1d front fl ng by m n of 2 qu lly lded at one end and a ace of the fr nt fl ng Th~ iamet r ual y s cin e d tic 1 Each ha an in id imu out ide dam ter o s equ lly r 5 1/2 in and an pac d 3/16 in. x 3/ d d the faoe of e ch inner rin. A 1 in automobil inn tub i h ld in place as foll ws. Th fr nt ti 1 laced round th front nn r fron out r ring. When th inner ugh the holes int clip or th 1 n u t 1 h n d, the nd of th tub 1 nd an air-ti ht s alb t 1een th t r nd o th rubb r cyl1nd r 1 h 1 bl n , n r. n dd1t1on, diaphragm, 1 e e be1n c1 cul r th in lac don ripped, alo g (Fi. 3). r h t rin bolt r ti ht • -8- 0 SIDE BACK GUE 2 CHI R E -9- C VI L TE RE OVED F EBY G 3 T D T IL Pl 1 1 n Fi. 3) 1/2 in. t n Lc nd /2 in. n d et 1 d rubb r cylind rand para e the bo r nt inner ring. Either em 1 ole r a r t n u r cut in the nter of th· nd 1 t of r h n t ... op n1ng in the body que ut n r u • Th 1 l p 1 d o the t· p of th machin intr du 1r und r r t t ur 0 of t rubber cyl-- r g n ir- r ur g u e, oonn ct to on 0 t in b ho t 1/2 in. pipe, reg1 er t pr r t y tim on h m1xtur. • HE E Th r r tan ' 1 tur din 1 ure 4, ha a C city 0 out 1. u • h 1 from an automob11 inner tube l bee at nto thr ded plu that fits in th to of h n • Thi r en llo one to ch r the tank 1 h C mp 00 rati service tation. Th itta ce 0 c ed to th tan. by a 6 .. in. ength the o sit side o the valve join t, C ( • ) . c. THE PU 0 K DY h 1 1 d nd our d into met l C I • 1 d m t r nd 5 1/2 n. n .. 1 IG; C L T L 2 t • 0 C h u h cool d tor om t m eratur, it r 0 m m d th ired op ning 1 d. . G PROC DUR o be in ng , the op ator place the hardened t r 1 1 lb cylinder which, 1 ke the b ck ring b c pl t ' 1 not e ov db t een exper fmen H th n la pl s 1 do in id the rubber cyl1n er and a inst t n nd of th x body. The wax body is followed by r nt in r1 g. Th perimenter n xt place the rr-orrt t on th la a rop th front outer ring aroun t out id 0 ubb r cylinder, rotatin the r1 sun 11 t out -ring c 1 0 r th inn r ring bolt Th r tight d uh to form a perf ct s al. Compl t 11 of th m chi 1s accom 11shed when the oper tor n t bo t t e u r ring to the front lan • 'Th pr s ur ac d abo m chin (Fig. 4), th conn ction m I nd t 0 d. When the d ir d pr s ur is 1 t r d th u th dmitt no v .. lv 1s clo d nd h 0 d o rv d 0 ctions. • TE TS PE 0 MED B o f 1 tim t.h uthor coul m ke b t a y inv 0 of th r ct1ons ot variou olid h u 1 d 1c r ur It 1 t that, -1 - lthough t 1 r run, S V r 1 potential us .d vie n C • ELI I IAL he f r t tri r m de wit th 50.5 talc .. n ro n -cut- mi r. Berthelot h d u e The auth r ut dri:rt-11 in th solid and subj cte on to 5 1 nd on to 5 1 r ure at 70° F. In b h s I t r two our riod th pening h hrunk to about 1/2 f their o 1g1n 1 h third t • in t 70 F. Th or gin 1 op 1 our Tit no It nth 1xtur z nd e h1b1ted no 1nd1c tion of fr ctur,. s run on sur u ed in this in tance a 30 hr n body of pure paraffin wax, p rent r cturing. h n d c d d to conduct test for compr 1. 1/2 it origin 1 siz in 1 1/2 ive 1 n ractu n char cter1st1cs of various wax-oil- • V ·r I~T LC 1I 'TUR S ffin oil, nd talc ere mixed in 1 ro 0 1soover som r t o th t d r au fr C r hen ubject u 1 • u nd 2 in. d P, e t 1 1 A cool d b oc a l C 00 1 ' 0 b 1 j C was id on top th - - -b'Loc , an ch 1 C v r the j ck. Wh.l on per on t 'the ch 1r a it no e th cal r ading, anoth r ao 11 nd ob rv d th block. Pictur t t b oc C n by o r data, ar sho u 5. caus r 5 oc (Fig. 5) deve oped a cracke, 11 t ff C on ur ac I th author subj c d an 1den .ca 1 tur t chin t u 1ng 15 psi at 70°F. 1 ure 6 0 t v lo m n • lthou h th piotu e ar not cl r, C u ob erv tion 1 l i clos som bli ter eff ct, par- on t 0 not con id rd at th o ening. Th re ults, howev r, c ory • ES ITH I ER DD IFT The in 1 t a to d termine iI one could moloy th m c in in t e tu of rock pressure rfect on timber. Th 0.50 le -cu ax 1xture w s u ed .t room te ratur. T o po t I C P, C .. 1.d a s111 1th spre der (1 a C 0 th dr t botto ) were insta led near th front f th 0 1 7) ood n atch stick provide re dy C C Af r th top of t 0 th cap down-b oc d, r 1 ur ? hows th squeez1n 0 s n r 0 on post. The ma 1 l 0 10 u s drilled in the 1ndo t - 5 l 2 3 4 5 45.5 8.0 18.2 50.0 .1 3.7 50 .o. 6 .6 4.0 18.1 0.0 27.3 t res t re Filed 1. droppe t lowly 12 p 1. from Sho ea. 85 p 1 sp llin to of in. ge ?7 p 1 dt lo tJ' . ilea. to h r t 150 p 1. G 5 -1 t t rt of et At end of 2 hr & 50 m n si t ?0°F L G E 6 AX- IL-TALC IXTURE TIE t t TI E 4 :40 p. • :52 • • e re t TIE 5:00 Endo t e t ou o t th • m. t ILU I ? DU O G U e t SC th d xp rim n . m gh b I O CLUSIO S Th o e f C pr e o e 1ng closed. ~ gratifying th ind tudy of timberin~ mt machin i ea able of • y o tatic e rt T C r u h u and C w d cou m • F n in bly t I C 0 ro UC ures, uch as tho e e c un rd t d rt n h in st 1 s applicability t th st dy o b ans rd only by a much mor 1 study Perhap t elm nt o an 0 n atic p C fie lo d 1 th ts I will hav to be con t y b tha a larg r v r ion f thi C r b f s vin th t rtain mine uppor beta o tor pr s n r o 1 main• the achine c n b us d n mod 1 rook b di d 1 fr hr n stigation of it a lie b111t b 9 I IOGR HY rthel t, · y Sc e chool of .n Inv tigation of ound ~re u e U publi hed n1n 2 rep rt, o t n u te, 1956. 1111ng, Hal, 1 n nc , , • 1955. tructural Geolocr e~, Yor : Pre tice- ~cale Models as Apnlie to __ ......., r_e_s. .S.A. Bulletin, ol. 48. Printing Off c , 1937. Sp ld n Jc. 1949 London: inn olication L d . ' ... 0 

A Device for Testing Model Hydrostatic Rock Pressure

https://digitalcommons.mtech.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1472&amp;context=bach_theses

A Device for Testing Model Hydrostatic Rock Pressure

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