Self-cleaning textiles based on nano $TiO_2$ coatings

Abstract

V prispevku je opisan postopek priprave samočistilnih poliestrnih (PES) tekstilij s fotokatalitičnimi $TiO_2$ nanonanosi. Samočistilno površino smo pripravili s sol-gel procesom in proučili vpliv pogojev postopka na oblikovanje nanonanosov na vlaknih. Pri postopku polikondenzacije nanodelcev $TiO_2$, smo uporabili kisli in bazični katalizator. Pri toplotni obdelavi nanodelcev na poliestrnem substratu se je tvorila polimorfna kristalna $TiO_2$ struktura anataz, ki ima širšo optično vrzel v frekvenčnem pasu kot kristalna oblika rutil. Obdelane tekstilije smo analizirali, da bi določili vpliv postopka obdelave na njihove uporabne lastnosti. Raziskava je potrdila, da s sol-gel postopkom oblikujemo nanonanose s samočistilno sposobnostjo, vendar pa imajo boljše fotokatalitične sposobnosti $TiO_2$ nanosi, pridobljeni iz kislega sola. Postopek obdelave poliestrnih pletiv s $TiO_2$ nanonanosi ni pomembno vplival na mehanske lastnosti PES pletenin.The aim of this research was to obtain self-cleaning properties of PES surfaces by nano-modification with $TiO_2$ coatings. The sol-gel process was used to prepare $TiO_2$ nanoparticles and the influence of process conditions on the formation of nano-coatings was studied. Acid and alkaline catalysts were used in the polycondensation process of $TiO_2$. The heat treatment of nanoparticles on the polyester substrate caused the formation of a polymorphic form of $TiO_2$ anatase which has a wider band gap than the crystal structure rutile. To determine the efficiency of the fibre nano-modification and influence of the treatment on the fibre properties, the photocatalytic activity was observed by Foron Brill. Violett EBIN degradation and the mechanical properties were determined. The results show that the photocatalytic properties of $TiO_2$ coatings obtained from acid sol are higher than those obtained from alkaline sol. However, the influence on mechanical properties of PES knitted fabrics was insignificant irrespective of the treatment conditions used in the process