This document provides a review of the techniques and therapies used in gait rehabilitation after stroke. It also examines the possible benefits of including assistive robotic devices and brain-computer interfaces in this field, according to a top-down approach, in which rehabilitation is driven by neural plasticity

Belda-Lois, Juan-Manuel

Bermejo-Bosch, Ignacio

Brunner, Clemens

Caria, Andrea

Farina, Dario

Iosa, Marco

Mena-del Horno, Silvia

Molinari, Marco

Moreno, Juan C

Pons, José L

Ramos, Ander

Rea, Massimiliano

Solis-Escalante, Teodoro

Tamburella, Federica

English

PubMed

Juan-Manuel Belda-Lois

Silvia Mena-del Horno

Ignacio Bermejo-Bosch

Juan C Moreno

José L Pons

Dario Farina

Marco Iosa

Marco Molinari

Federica Tamburella

Ander Ramos

Andrea Caria

Teodoro Solis-Escalante

Clemens Brunner

Massimiliano Rea

Springer - Publisher Connector

Rehabilitation of gait after stroke: a review towards a top-down approach

Abstract This document provides a review of the techniques and therapies used in gait rehabilitation after stroke. It also examines the possible benefits of including assistive robotic devices and brain-computer interfaces in this field, according to a top-down approach, in which rehabilitation is driven by neural plasticity. The methods reviewed comprise classical gait rehabilitation techniques (neurophysiological and motor learning approaches), functional electrical stimulation (FES), robotic devices, and brain-computer interfaces (BCI). From the analysis of these approaches, we can draw the following conclusions. Regarding classical rehabilitation techniques, there is insufficient evidence to state that a particular approach is more effective in promoting gait recovery than other. Combination of different rehabilitation strategies seems to be more effective than over-ground gait training alone. Robotic devices need further research to show their suitability for walking training and their effects on over-ground gait. The use of FES combined with different walking retraining strategies has shown to result in improvements in hemiplegic gait. Reports on non-invasive BCIs for stroke recovery are limited to the rehabilitation of upper limbs; however, some works suggest that there might be a common mechanism which influences upper and lower limb recovery simultaneously, independently of the limb chosen for the rehabilitation therapy. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) enables researchers to detect signals from specific regions of the cortex during performance of motor activities for the development of future BCIs. Future research would make possible to analyze the impact of rehabilitation on brain plasticity, in order to adapt treatment resources to meet the needs of each patient and to optimize the recovery process.</p

Belda-Lois Juan-Manuel

Mena-del Horno Silvia

Bermejo-Bosch Ignacio

Moreno Juan C

Pons José L

Farina Dario

Iosa Marco

Molinari Marco

Tamburella Federica

Ramos Ander

Caria Andrea

Solis-Escalante Teodoro

Brunner Clemens

Rea Massimiliano

Directory of Open Access Journals

Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

[EN] This document provides a review of the techniques and therapies used in gait rehabilitation after stroke. It also examines the possible benefits of including assistive robotic devices and brain-computer interfaces in this field, according to a top-down approach, in which rehabilitation is driven by neural plasticity. The methods reviewed comprise classical gait rehabilitation techniques (neurophysiological and motor learning approaches), functional electrical stimulation (FES), robotic devices, and brain-computer interfaces (BCI). From the analysis of these approaches, we can draw the following conclusions. Regarding classical rehabilitation techniques, there is insufficient evidence to state that a particular approach is more effective in promoting gait recovery than other. Combination of different rehabilitation strategies seems to be more effective than over-ground gait training alone. Robotic devices need further research to show their suitability for walking training and their effects on over-ground gait. The use of FES combined with different walking retraining strategies has shown to result in improvements in hemiplegic gait. Reports on non-invasive BCIs for stroke recovery are limited to the rehabilitation of upper limbs; however, some works suggest that there might be a common mechanism which influences upper and lower limb recovery simultaneously, independently of the limb chosen for the rehabilitation therapy. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) enables researchers to detect signals from specific regions of the cortex during performance of motor activities for the development of future BCIs. Future research would make possible to analyze the impact of rehabilitation on brain plasticity, in order to adapt treatment resources to meet the needs of each patient and to optimize the recovery process.This review has been carried out with financial support from the European Commission within the Seventh Framework Programme under contract FP7-ICT-2009-247935: BETTER BNCI-driven Robotic Physical Therapies in Stroke Rehabilitation of Gait Disorders.Belda Lois, JM.; Mena Del Horno, S.; Bermejo Bosch, I.; Moreno, JC.; Pons, JL.; Farina, D.; Iosa, M.... (2011). Rehabilitation of gait after stroke: a review towards a top-down approach. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. 8(66):1-19. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-8-6611986

Belda Lois, Juan Manuel

Mena Del Horno, Silvia

Bermejo Bosch, Ignacio

Moreno, Juan C.

Pons, Jose L.

RiuNet

This document provides a review of the techniques and therapies used in gait rehabilitation after stroke. It also
examines the possible benefits of including assistive robotic devices and brain-computer interfaces in this field,
according to a top-down approach, in which rehabilitation is driven by neural plasticity.
The methods reviewed comprise classical gait rehabilitation techniques (neurophysiological and motor learning
approaches), functional electrical stimulation (FES), robotic devices, and brain-computer interfaces (BCI).
From the analysis of these approaches, we can draw the following conclusions. Regarding classical rehabilitation
techniques, there is insufficient evidence to state that a particular approach is more effective in promoting gait
recovery than other. Combination of different rehabilitation strategies seems to be more effective than overground
gait training alone. Robotic devices need further research to show their suitability for walking training and
their effects on over-ground gait. The use of FES combined with different walking retraining strategies has shown
to result in improvements in hemiplegic gait. Reports on non-invasive BCIs for stroke recovery are limited to the
rehabilitation of upper limbs; however, some works suggest that there might be a common mechanism which
influences upper and lower limb recovery simultaneously, independently of the limb chosen for the rehabilitation
therapy. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) enables researchers to detect signals from specific regions of
the cortex during performance of motor activities for the development of future BCIs. Future research would make
possible to analyze the impact of rehabilitation on brain plasticity, in order to adapt treatment resources to meet
the needs of each patient and to optimize the recovery process

Belda-Lois JM

Mena-del Horno S

Bermejo-Bosch I

Moreno JC

Pons JL

Farina D

Iosa M

Molinari M

Tamburella F

Ramos A

Caria A

Solis-Escalante T

Brunner C

Rea M.

Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza

This document provides a review of the techniques and therapies used in gait rehabilitation after stroke. It also examines the possible benefits of including assistive robotic devices and brain-computer interfaces in this field, according to a top-down approach, in which rehabilitation is driven by neural plasticity. The methods reviewed comprise classical gait rehabilitation techniques (neurophysiological and motor learning approaches), functional electrical stimulation (FES), robotic devices, and brain-computer interfaces (BCI). From the analysis of these approaches, we can draw the following conclusions. Regarding classical rehabilitation techniques, there is insufficient evidence to state that a particular approach is more effective in promoting gait recovery than other. Combination of different rehabilitation strategies seems to be more effective than over-ground gait training alone. Robotic devices need further research to show their suitability for walking training and their effects on over-ground gait. The use of FES combined with different walking retraining strategies has shown to result in improvements in hemiplegic gait. Reports on non-invasive BCIs for stroke recovery are limited to the rehabilitation of upper limbs; however, some works suggest that there might be a common mechanism which influences upper and lower limb recovery simultaneously, independently of the limb chosen for the rehabilitation therapy. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) enables researchers to detect signals from specific regions of the cortex during performance of motor activities for the development of future BCIs. Future research would make possible to analyze the impact of rehabilitation on brain plasticity, in order to adapt treatment resources to meet the needs of each patient and to optimize the recovery process.peerReviewe

Pons, José L.

GoeScholar  The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen

Rehabilitation of gait after stroke: a review towards a top-down approach.

Abstract This document provides a review of the techniques and therapies used in gait rehabilitation after stroke. It also examines the possible benefits of including assistive robotic devices and brain-computer interfaces in this field, according to a top-down approach, in which rehabilitation is driven by neural plasticity. The methods reviewed comprise classical gait rehabilitation techniques (neurophysiological and motor learning approaches), functional electrical stimulation (FES), robotic devices, and brain-computer interfaces (BCI). From the analysis of these approaches, we can draw the following conclusions. Regarding classical rehabilitation techniques, there is insufficient evidence to state that a particular approach is more effective in promoting gait recovery than other. Combination of different rehabilitation strategies seems to be more effective than over-ground gait training alone. Robotic devices need further research to show their suitability for walking training and their effects on over-ground gait. The use of FES combined with different walking retraining strategies has shown to result in improvements in hemiplegic gait. Reports on non-invasive BCIs for stroke recovery are limited to the rehabilitation of upper limbs; however, some works suggest that there might be a common mechanism which influences upper and lower limb recovery simultaneously, independently of the limb chosen for the rehabilitation therapy. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) enables researchers to detect signals from specific regions of the cortex during performance of motor activities for the development of future BCIs. Future research would make possible to analyze the impact of rehabilitation on brain plasticity, in order to adapt treatment resources to meet the needs of each patient and to optimize the recovery process.Peer Reviewe

Belda-Lois, Juan Manuel

Moreno, Juan Camilo

Pons Rovira, José Luis

Digital.CSIC

Moreno, Juan

Pons, Jose

TUGraz OPEN Library

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Rehabilitation of gait after stroke: a review towards a top-down approach

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