Don Koo Lee

Go Eun Park

Ki Woo Kim

KW Kim

English

PubMed

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BMC Proceedings

Metrology of morphological response of Siberian elm to drought stress: increased stomatal pore depth

Ki Kim

Go Park

Don Lee

Springer - Publisher Connector

POSTER PRESENTATION Open Access
Metrology of morphological response of Siberian
elm to drought stress: increased stomatal
pore depth
Ki Woo Kim1*, Go Eun Park2, Don Koo Lee2
From IUFRO Tree Biotechnology Conference 2011: From Genomes to Integration and Delivery
Arraial d Ajuda, Bahia, Brazil. 26 June - 2 July 2011
Background
Structural characteristics of stomata consist of stomatal
shape, density, depth, and pore dimension. Commonly
called Siberian elm, the species Ulmus pumila L. is a
fast-growing and small to medium-sized tree. Due to
the superb adaptations to the harsh conditions of the
Gobi Desert, the trees have been preferentially planted
in Mongolia. It is worthwhile to investigate the morpho-
logical characteristics of the tree species that are toler-
ant to drought stresses in such arid areas.
Materials and methods
Based on average annual precipitations, two types of leaf
specimens were collected from Korea, China, and Mon-
golia: (i) leaves under normal environmental conditions
and (ii) leaves under arid conditions. Leaf stomatal char-
acteristics of Siberian elm were investigated by electron
microscopy and white light scanning interferometry [1].
Results and conclusions
Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed
stomata on the lower leaf surface of the tree species.
Measured as ca. 30 micrometers in width, the stomata
appeared to be oval in shape. In-lens secondary electron
imaging by a coaxial annular type detector showed a dif-
ference in depth from epidermis to pore between the
two types of leaves. Leaf stomata under arid conditions
appeared to have higher levels of depth from epidermis
to pore than ones under normal conditions (Figure 1).
Line profile analysis by white light scanning interfero-
* Correspondence: kiwoo@knu.ac.kr
1School of Ecological and Environmental System, Kyungpook National
University, Sangju, 742-711, Korea
Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Figure 1 Field emission scanning electron micrograhs of stomata of Siberian elm. (A) Stoma under normal conditions. (B) Stoma under arid
conditions.
Kim et al. BMC Proceedings 2011, 5(Suppl 7):P90
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1753-6561/5/S7/P90
© 2011 Kim et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in
any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
metry allowed for the nondestructive measurement of
the stomatal dimension (Figure 2). The depth from epi-
dermis to pore of stomatal complexes under normal
conditions was ca. 1.79±0.13 micrometers, whereas that
under arid conditions was ca. 2.12±0.08 micrometers. In
addition, higher levels of surface roughness were
observed in stomata under arid conditions than those
under normal conditions. These results suggest that
increased stomatal pore depth would be responsible for
the adaptations of the tree species to arid conditions.
Furthermore, such architectural differences in stomatal
dimension could be quantitatively analyzed by comple-
mentary microscopy.
Author details
1School of Ecological and Environmental System, Kyungpook National
University, Sangju, 742-711, Korea. 2Department of Forest Environmental
Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
Published: 13 September 2011
Reference
1. Kim KW, Lee IJ, Kim CS, Lee DK, Park EW: Micromorphology of epicuticular
waxes and epistomatal chambers of pine species by electron
microscopy and white light scanning interferometry. Microsc Microanal
2011, 17:118-124.
doi:10.1186/1753-6561-5-S7-P90
Cite this article as: Kim et al.: Metrology of morphological response of
Siberian elm to drought stress: increased stomatal pore depth. BMC
Proceedings 2011 5(Suppl 7):P90.
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Figure 2 Three-dimensional surface plot of a stoma under arid conditions by white light scanning interferometry.
Kim et al. BMC Proceedings 2011, 5(Suppl 7):P90
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1753-6561/5/S7/P90
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EW: Micromorphology of epicuticular waxes and epistomatal chambers of pine species by electron microscopy and white light scanning interferometry. Microsc Microanal

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Metrology of morphological response of Siberian elm to drought stress: increased stomatal pore depth

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