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Griggs, M.

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SA'I-73-537-LJ
E7.3 105.24
69-/,/ -
DETERMINATION OF AEROSOL CONTENT
IN THE ATMOSPHERE FROM
ERTS-1 DATA - --
tE73-10524i DETERMINATION OF AEROSOL N73-22291
CONTENT IN THE. ATMOSPHERE FROM ERTS-1 
DATA Proqress Report 7 Mar 972 -Uncas
May 1973 (Science Applications, Inc.) -May11 97 _______ _ _- CSCL -0~B G.3/13 ....- 00524- 
,11 p
Progress Report No. 4
Contract No.: NAS5-21860
Period Covered: 7 March 1972 to 6 May 1973
Proposal Number: 245
GSFC ID Number: P135
Principal Investigator: Dr. M. Griggs
SCIENCE APPLICATIONS, INCORPORATE
P.O. BOX 2351, 1250 PROSPECT ST., LA JOLLA, CALIFORNIA 9
Prepared for:
Goddard Space Flight Center
7 May 1973
-. . f/
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https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19730013564 2020-03-23T02:04:09+00:00Z
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
During the fourth two-month period of this contract data analysis,
now using the computer compatible tapes, was continued. Ground-truth
·:measurements were made at the Salton Sea test site.
GROUND -TRUTH MEASUREMENTS
The previous report stated that considerable cloud cover existed
at the time of the NASA aircraft overflight at the Salton Sea/desert test
site on February 4, 1973. The ERTS photographs since received have
confirmed that the test-site was almost totally covered with high cloud
so that no data useful for this investigation could be obtained from either
the satellite or the aircraft measurements. A definite data for another
NASA aircraft overflight has not yet been scheduled by Houston,
The photographic aircraft MSS data for one channel were received
from Houston in March. On the basis of examining these data, and the
satellite data analysis to date, the requirements for NASA aircraft support
have been revised. The target area to be covered by the aircraft has been
approximately halved, and the number of spectral channels reduced by
four, eliminating coverage of MSS 7 which is not useful for this investi-
gation due to atmospheric water vapor.
Ground-based observations of the aerosol optical thickness with
the Volz photometer have been made twice at the Salton Sea coinciding
with ERTS-1 overpasses. These measurements are shown in Fig. 1 with
previous Volz data. No measurements were made in this reporting period
at San Diego due to cloud cover at the time of the ERTS-1 overpasses.
1
DATA ANALYSIS
Photographic Data Analysis
The previous report discussed the problem with the grey-scale
calibration at high densities (low radiance). This is due to the inherent
inaccuracies in producing the photographic images. This is a severe
problem in this investigation since we are particularly concerned with
the low radiances over water surfaces. Hence, densitometric analysis
of the transparencies has been discontinued in this investigation; all
future analysis will use the digital data on the CCT.
Software Development
The program to read data from the CCT is prescribed geographical
areas has been completed and successfully used on actual ERTS-1 data.
Digital Data Analysis
The digital data for three overpasses for the Salton Sea/desert test
site have been printed out and a preliminary analysis made. The data are
more consistent than the photographic data as expected.
To analyze the data, an area, about 1000 x 1000 ft, is selected on
the Salton Sea and on the desert. The water area is selected away from the
shoreline where the radiance is essentially uniform within the area. The
desert area is selected for high radiance and uniformity. An average
radiance for each area is estimated for each MSS band. Of course, we
did not plan on using MSS7 due to the atmospheric water vapor effect; in
any case it would not be useful over water surfaces due to the very low
(counts O, 1, 2) and inaccurate radiance values.
2
The spectral variations of the radiance over the desert and Salton
Sea are shown in Fig. 2 and 3. The desert radiance increases with decreasing
wavelength and with sun elevation. The radiance for two areas (2-1) and (3-1)
for 10-1-72 show different variations at the shorter wavelengths, although the
difference is within the data errors. The water radiance, as expected, shows
a sharp decrease as the wavelength increases. For 11-6-72 it was found that
the radiance near the shoreline was higher than in the center of the sea, as
shown by the two curves for this date. It was necessary to go 1300 ft from
the shoreline to obtain constant radiance values. However, this effect was
not apparent on the other two dates analyzed. Further investigation of this
effect is necessary. If the data for 11-6-72 close to the shoreline are ignored,
then the water radiance increases with increasing sun elevation.
Preliminary use of these data to investigate the contrast relationship
are not consistent as a. function of wavelength, indicating that the theoretical
relationship, as expected, must be modified, and will be discussed in the next
reporting period.
Future Plans
In the next reporting period it is planned to continue analysis of the
digital data to investigate both the contrast and radiance relationships.
Significant Results
There are no significant results to report in this period.
Data Requests
Digital data for seven more sets of data (two at San Diego and five
at the Salton Sea) have been requested. In addition, a replacement set for
3
one previously received was requested since numerous parity errors on
the tape prevented our obtaining data from it. Copies of the Data Request
Forms are included at the end of this report.
Standing Order Change
A change in our Standing Order was made to extend the coverage
period to 9-30-73, to obtain the maximum data for the duration of the con-
tract, and to increase the acceptable cloud cover to 60%. A copy of the
form is included at the end of this report.
Presentation
A paper, "Determination of Aerosol Content in the Atmosphere, "
discussing the results of this study was presented at the ERTS-1 Symposium
by M. Griggs in Washington, D. C. in March. Many requests for a copy of
this paper have been received. -
Miscellaneous
M. Griggs visited R. F. Fraser at Goddard in March to discuss
the results and status of the investigation.
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Determination of aerosol content in the atmosphere from ERTS-1 Data

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