Number of Pages: 2Integrative BiologyGeological Science

Mecham, John S.

Platz, James E.

English

Number of Pages: 2Integrative BiologyEarth and Planetary Science

Texas ScholarWorks

347.1AMPHIBIA: SALIENTIA: RANIDAE RANA CHIRICAHUENSISMAP. Solid circle marks the type-locality; open circles indicateother localities.tadpolethatmaypertainto this species.Photographsof threeadults,togetherwith a photographof a juvenile comparedwith a juvenileR. pipiens,are found in Mecham (1968). Mecham (1971) providesan audiospectrogramof the mating call, togetherwith oscillogramsof the mating call, mating call pulse, and low trill pulse, all fromrecordingsmade near Nuevo Casas Grandes,Chihuahua.• DISTRIBUTION. This speciesoccurs in Arizona, New Mexico,and Sonora and Chihuahua, Mexico. The distribution is discontin-I150 200 MI.'-----'100!,oo,II(".'\....1\\i.\"/i)(0 I_.> i( .'. IQ. \"" "-' I I~"~~\ 'CfI.\ \\ I; .! 0 ..~ ':1'\? /\.' ((/") - \.~ 00 '.. \ '\,..,/"0-': //' .?Catalogueof AmericanAmphibiansand Reptiles.PLATZ,JAMESE. ANDJOHNS. MECHAM. 1984. Ranachiricahuensis.Rana chiricahuensisPlatz and MechamWrights' leopardfrogRana chiricahuensis,Platz and Mecham 1979:383. Type-locality,"Herb Martyr Lake (elev. 1768 m), 6 km west of Portal,Coronado National Forest, Cochise County, Arizona." Holo-type, Am. Mus. Natur. Hist. 100372, an adult alcoholic malecollectedon 10 September1971, by James E. Platz (examinedby authors).• CONTENT. No subspecieshave been proposed.• DEFINITION. A speciesof the Rana pipienscomplex with asnout-vent length of 57-95 mm in adults. Body proportionsrela-tively stocky; skin on back and sides generally more rugose thanother leopard frog species. Dorsolateral folds present, and inter-rupted posteriorly and deflectedmedially in the region of the baseof the urostyle. Vocal sacs small and external. Supralabial stripeincomplete(diffuseanterior to eye)exceptin juvenileswhere it mayappear well definedto the tip of the snout. The venter is variablymelanistic;gray mottlingon throat may extendonto the chest,withdusky pigmentoften evident on lower belly and thighs. Yellowishpigmentationin the groin region often extendsonto the posteriorventer and adjacentupper thighs.The area surroundingthe cloacaand posterior region of the thigh is covered with small tubercles,each associatedwith a small cream colored spot.The mating call is a long snore-liketrill with an unusually highpulse repetition rate (approximately34 pulses/sec at 22°C) andpulse number (28-68 per call). Pulse duration and pulse rise timeare both unusually short. The call is typically offered as a singlenote lastingbetween1 and 2 secondsdependingupon temperatureand is repeatedintermittently.• DESCRIPTIONS.Prior to formal descriptionby Platz and Me-cham (1979), Wright and Wright (1949:516-519) describedtheexternal morphology and coloration from specimenscollected atLakeside,Arizona. Mecham (1968) also providesa gooddescriptionof morphologyand colorationunder his headingas the "southern"form. Platz (1976) discussesgeographicvariationof mensuralchar-acters utilizing multivariate analyses. The morphology of naturalhybrids is included. Pace (1974) providesinformationon the mor-phologyof the vocal sacs.• ILLUSTRATIONS. Wright and Wright (1949:518) include (asunidentifiedmembersof the R. pipienscomplex)5 photographsofsingle individuals,one photographin which an adult is comparedwith R. pipiens from the same locality, and a photographof a86i4..x:2o0.5 1.0SECONDS1.5 2.0FIGURE 1. Audiospectrogramof mating call of Rana chiricahuensis:19 mi N Buenaventura,Chihuahua, Mexico, 27 June 1969; air22.2°,water 24.6°C; recordedby J. Mecham.FIGURE 2. Rana chiricahuensis,adult female topotype. Photo·graph by J. Mecham.uous. Populationsin the northern part of the range are essentiallyconfinedto montanehabitatsof theMogollon Rim countryof centraland eastern Arizona, and montaneareas of adjacentwesternNewMexico. This part of the range is separatedfrom populationsalongthe southernbordersof Arizona and southwesternNew Mexico byan interveningexpanseof scrub desertwith elevationsbelow 1000m. Another series of populationsare distributedsouthwardin Chi·huahuaalong the easternbaseof the Sierra Madre Occidental.Thespeciesoccurs over a wide range of altitudes(1000-2600 m) andin a variety of permanent aquatic habitatswhere adequatedepthprovides escape from predators. These include montane streams,ponds, lakes, and marshes,and, at intermediateelevations,stock·pondsand plungepoolsof canyon streams.• FOSSILRECORD. None.• PERTINENTLITERATURE. Platz (1976) providesthe most com·prehensivesurvey of geographicvariation in morphology, as wellas an electrophoreticanalysisof proteinvariation.Also includedareestimatesof rates of natural hybridizationand backcrossing withtwo other membersof the Rana pipienscomplex in Arizona. Platzand Platz (1973) comparethe hemoglobinsof this specieswith thoseof two other forms in Arizona. Frost and Bagnara (1977) giveinformationon the speciesin sympatrywith R. blairi in southeast·ern Arizona. They also comparehemoglobinsof the two forms, andpresent results of experimentalcrosses betweenthe two species.Mecham (1968) includesresultsof laboratorycrosseswith R. pip·iens,as wellas comparativelife historyobservations.Purcell (1968)presentsinformationon ratesof embryonicdevelopmentat differenttemperatures,as well as results of experimentalcrosseswith R.blairi and R. berlandieri.Zweifel (1968) providesinformation reogarding temperaturetolerancesand developmentalrates for earlyembryonicstagesfrom egg massescollectedat the type.locality. Ina later paper Zweifel (1977) reports upper temperaturelimits forembryosfrom this same locality. Frost and Platz (1983) comparelife history data of this species and three congeners in Arizona.They also comparemating calls, and review information on devel·opmentalcompatibilitybetweenthe various forms and gameticpo·347.2tentialof F I hybrids.An analysisof prematingisolatingmechanismsthat act to limit hybridization with each of the other species isincluded. Hillis et al. (1983) provide a phylogenetic scheme ofrelationshipsamong membersof the R. pipienscomplex includingall currently recognizedspeciesin the Central United States andMexico.• ETYMOLOGY. The name chiricahuensis(Latinized from Chiri·cahua)refers to a tribe of Apache Indians. The holotypeand para·typeswerecollectedin theChiricahuaMountains,and thegeograph.ic rangeof theChiricahua Indians wasat onetime largelycoincidentwith the distributionof this anuran. The common name, Wrights'leopardfrog, credits Albert and Anna Wright (1949) for their orig.inal discoveryat Lakeside,Arizona in 1942.LITERATURECITEDFrost, John S., and Joseph T. Bagnara. 1977. Sympatry betweenRana blairi and the southern form of leopard frog in south·eastern Arizona (Anura: Ranidae). Southwest.Natur. 22(4):443-453.-, and James E. Platz. 1983. Comparativeassessmentof modesof reproductiveisolation among four speciesof leopard frogs(Ranapipienscomplex).Evolution 37(1):66-78.Hillis, David M., John S. Frost, and David A. Wright. 1983.Phylogeny and biogeographyof the Rana pipienscomplex:a biochemicalevaluation.Syst. Zool. 32(2):132-143.Mecham, John S. 1968. Evidence of reproductive isolation be·tweentwo populationsof the frog, Rana pipiens,in Arizona.Southwest.Natur. 13(1):35-44.1971. Vocalizationsof the leopard frog, Ranapipiens,andthree relatedMexican species.Copeia 1971(3):505-516.Pace, Ann E. 1974. Systematic and biological studies of theleopard frogs (Rana pipienscomplex)of the United States.Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (148):1-140.Platz, James E. 1976. Biochemical and morphologicalvariationof leopard frogs in Arizona. Copeia 1976(4):660-672.and John S. Mecham. 1979. Rana chiricahuensis,a newspeciesof leopardfrog (Ranapipienscomplex)from Arizona.Copeia 1979(3):383-390 .-, and Anna L. Platz. 1973. Ranapipienscomplex;hemoglobinphenotypesof sympatricand allopatricpopulationsin Arizona.Science 179:1334-1336.Purcell, Jerry W. 1968. Embryonic temperatureadaptationsofsouthwesternpopulationsof Ranapipiens.M. S. Thesis,Tex·as Tech Univ. v +46 p.Wright, Albert A., and Anna H. Wright. 1949. Handbook offrogsandtoadsof the United StatesandCanada.Third edition.Comstock Publ. Co., Ithaca, New York. xii +640 p.Zweifel, Richard G. 1968. Reproductive biology of anurans ofthe arid southwest,with emphasison adaptationof embryosto temperature.Bull. Amer. Mus. Natur. Hist. 140(1):1-64.1977. Upper thermal tolerancesof anuran embryosin rela·tion to stageof developmentand breedinghabits. Amer. Mus.Novitates(2617):1-21.JAMESE. PLATZ,CREIGHTONUNIVERSITY,OMAHA,NEBRASKA68178,AND JOHN S. MECHAM, TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY, LUBBOCK,TEXAS 79409.Primary editor for this account, Richard G. Zwiefel.Published 10 October 1984 and Copyright 1984 by the SOCIETYFORTHE STUDYOF AMPHIBIANSANDREPTILES.

Rana chiricahuensis

John S. Mecham

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Rana chiricahuensis

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