Background
Cognitive inhibition is one of the executive functions; this process over memory plays a fundamental
role in recalling relevant information. The aims of this study were to understand
the effects of maintenance load and stimuli on the operation of cognitive inhibition over
memory in working memory tasks in adults with Down syndrome.
Method
The study included 36 individuals with Down syndrome (mean age = 33.44 years, standard
deviation = 7.54 years, 50% women) and 36 individuals with neurotypical development
(mean age = 33.55 years, standard deviation = 7.52 years, 50% women). The participants
performed a working memory task in which they had to solve an interference problem during
the maintenance phase.
Results
The Down syndrome group performed worse on cognitive inhibition over memory than the
neurotypical development group. Both groups had lower recall with interference and under
high-load conditions. In the neurotypical development group, memory was similar with both
materials. The Down syndrome group performed better with non-social stimuli than with
social stimuli.
Conclusions
Understanding the variables that influence cognitive inhibition over memory will help in planning
effective interventions for people with Down syndrome. Considering the results, special
importance should be placed on work with social stimuli, at least in individuals with Down
syndrome.This work received funding from Autour des Williams, Code 10.06.01.0050 to JMLF and M