Haberl, Jeff

Texas A&M University

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy 
Impacts on NOx Emission Reductions
Jeff Haberl, Ph.D.  
Bahman Yazdani, P.E.
Juan-Carlos Baltazar, Ph.D., P.E.
p.  2
Faculty/Staff: Jeff Haberl, Bahman Yazdani,  Juan-Carlos Baltazar, Gali Zilbershtein, Shirley Ellis, 
Patrick Parker, Larry Degelman, Angela Rowell, Roberto Tovar
Students: Farshad Kheiri, Sukjoon Oh, Minjae Shin, Qinbo Li, Navid Hodjat
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
TCEQ: Vince Meiller, Bob Gifford 
PUCT: Katie Rich, Therese Harris
SECO: Dub Taylor, Stephen Ross 
ERCOT: Paul Wattles, Kevin Hanson, Warren Lasher
USEPA: Art Diem, Julie Rosenberg
p.  3
Legislation to Reduce Energy/Emissions 2001 to Present
Senate Bill 5 (77th Legislature, 2001) 
Ch. 386. Texas Emissions Reduction Plan 
Sec. 386.205. Evaluation Of State Energy Efficiency Programs (with PUC)
Ch. 388.  Texas Building Energy Performance Standards 
Sec. 388.003. Adoption Of Building Energy Efficiency Performance Standards. 
Sec. 388.004. Enforcement Of Energy Standards Outside Of Municipality. 
Sec. 388.007. Distribution Of Information And Technical Assistance. 
Sec. 388.008. Development Of Home Energy Ratings. 
TERP Amended (78th Legislature, 2003) 
Ch. 388.  Texas Building Energy Performance Standards 
(HB 1365) Sec. 388.004. Enforcement Of Energy Standards Outside Of Municipality.
(HB 1365) Sec. 388.009. Energy-Efficient Building Program. 
Ch. 388.  Texas Building Energy Performance Standards
(HB 3235) Sec. 388.009. Certification of Municipal Inspectors.
TERP Amended (79th Legislature, 2005) 
Ch. 382. Health and Safety Code 
(HB 2129) Sec. 386.056 Development of Creditable Statewide emissions from wind and other 
renewables. 
(HB 965) Sec. 382.0275 Commission Action Relating to Water Heaters
TERP Amended (80th Legislature, 2007)
Ch. 382. Health and Safety Code
(HB 3693) Sec. 388.003 added subsection (b-1), (b-2), (b-3) that allows SECO to adopt new 
editions of the IECC based on written recommendations from the Laboratory.
(HB 3693) Sec. 388.008 Development of Standardized report formats for newly constructed 
residences.
Ch. 386.252 Health and and Safety Code
(SB 12) Section 388.03 added subsection (b-1), (b-2) allows SECO to adopt new editions of the 
IECC based on written recommendations from the Laboratory.
TERP Amended (81st Legislature, 2009) 
Ch. 382. Health and Safety Code
(HB 1796) Section 23 amends Sec. 386.252 (a) and (b) extends date of TERP to 2019 and 
requires Commission to contract with Laboratory for creditable EE/RE emissions reductions.
LEGISLATIVE RESPONSE
TERP Amended (82nd Legislature, 2011) 
Ch. 477.004 Health and Safety Code
HB 51 Section 2, b-2, establishes advisory committee, which including the 
Laboratory
Section 3 & 4 amends review of municipal’s amendments.
Ch. 388.003e & 388.007c,d Health and Safety Code
HB 51 Section 3 & 4 amends review of municipal’s amendments.
Ch. 388.006 Health and Safety Code
SB 898 Section 2, requires the Laboratory to calculate energy savings and 
emissions reductions for political subdivisions reporting to SECO.
Ch. 39.9051 Utilities Code
SB 924 Section 1g,h and Section 2c,d requires the Laboratory to calculate energy 
savings and emissions reductions for political subdivisions reporting to SECO.
NO new amendments were passed (83rd Legislature, 2013)
TERP Amended (84th Legislature, 2015) 
Section 388.003, Health and Safety Code
HB 1736 Section 1 Establishes the 2015 energy codes as the TBEPS effective Sept 
1, 2016. The state may adopt new codes no sooner than every 6 years. The section 
also adds Energy Rating Index as a voluntary compliance alternative. 
p.  4
Quantifiable: The emission reductions generated by measures to reduce 
emissions must be quantifiable and include procedures to evaluate and verify over 
time the level of emission reductions actually achieved.
Surplus: Emission reductions are surplus as long as they are not otherwise 
relied on to meet air quality attainment requirements in air quality programs related to 
your SIP. 
Enforceability: Measures that reduce emissions from 
electricity generation may be: (1) Enforceable directly against a 
source; (2) Enforceable against another party responsible for the 
energy efficiency or renewable energy activity; or (3) Included under 
our voluntary measures policy. 
Record Keeping: The measure should be permanent 
throughout the term for which the credit is granted unless it is 
replaced by another measure or the State demonstrates in a SIP 
revision that the emission reductions from the measure are no 
longer needed to meet applicable requirements.
EPA CRITERIA FOR SIP CREDITS (2004) 
p.  5
ESL Calculates NOx Emissions Reductions for:
1. Code-Compliant Construction: Energy savings from new 
construction
o ESL Single-family construction
o ESL Multi-family construction
o ESL Commercial construction
2. Green Power Production: Wind and other renewables
3. PUC SB7: Energy efficiency programs implemented by electric utilities 
under the Public Utility Regulatory Act §39.905
4. SECO: Energy-efficiency programs towards school districts, 
government agencies, city and county governments, private industries 
and residential energy consumers
5. A/C Retrofits: Installation of SEER 13/14 replacement air conditioners 
in existing residences
ENERGY SAVINGS & NOx EMISSION REDUCTION 
p.  6
Current 2015 Version
Login Screen
p.  7
Current 2015 Version
Main Page
p.  8
Current 2015 Version
Energy Code/Site Address/Project Details
p.  9
Current 2015 Version
Floors/BedRooms/Foundation
p.  10
Current 2015 Version
Global Parameters
p.  11
Current 2015 Version
Testing Roof
p.  12
Current 2015 Version
A/C
Water HeaterHeating
Foundation
p.  13
Current 2015 Version
Certificate
p.  14
Current 2015 Version
Certificate on Electrical Panel
p.  15
Has an analysis been performed to determine actual 
measured energy savings (i.e., real utility bills)?
SAVINGS FROM CODE COMPLIANT CONSTRUCTION 
p.  16
Yes!
Calculated savings compared with utility bills
*Results published in the 2014 ASHRAE Transactions.
p.  17
Developed API for IC3 
IC3 Web:
http://ic3-2015.tamu.edu
Benefits from API:
• Single screen allowing access to the same DOE-2 model used by the IC3 webpage
• Tablet/iPad/iPhone friendly
• XML input/output 
• Easily integrated into existing third party software
p.  18
How much electricity has been saved from residential code compliance for all 
single-family housing 2000-2015?
STATEWIDE SAVINGS FROM CODE COMPLIANCE (2000 – 2014)
p.  19
Savings (2002 to 2015)
Electricity - $1,701 million
Demand - $1,875 million
Total - $3,576 million
Emissions Reduction in 2015
(Equivalent to about 23,000 cars)
Increased Costs (2002 to 2015)
Costs - $   1,300 million
STATEWIDE SAVINGS FROM CODE COMPLIANCE 
2000 – 2015 (ESTIMATED)
Demand: $1,875 million
Electricity: $1,701 million
Cost: $1,300 million
Total: $3,576 million
p.  20
Electricity/Water Savings from SF (Code Compliance)
Conversion Factors:       430  gal/MWh
325,851  gal/acre-ft
STATEWIDE WATER SAVINGS AT POWER PLANTS 2002~2015
p.  21
Solar Thermal
Sunmaxx Solar Thermal, Fort Hood, TX
Landfill Gas
Aspen Power plant in Lufkin, TX Ground Source Heat Pump
Geothermal
SAVINGS FROM RENEWABLES
Solar PV
Blue Wing Solar PV Array ,San Antonio
Hydro
Dam at Elephant Butte, El Paso, TX
Biomass
2.5 Miles Southwest of Woodville, TX
p.  22
Solar Thermal
Sunmaxx Solar Thermal, Fort Hood, TX
Landfill Gas
Aspen Power plant in Lufkin, TX Ground Source Heat Pump
Geothermal
SAVINGS FROM RENEWABLES
Solar PV
Blue Wing Solar PV Array ,San Antonio
Hydro
Dam at Elephant Butte, El Paso, TX
Biomass
2.5 Miles Southwest of Woodville, TX
Wind
Desert Sky Wind Farm, TX.
p.  23
Completed, Announced, and Retired Wind Projects in Texas, as of Dec. 2015
Wind Farms in ERCOT
Wind Farms in WSCC
Wind Farms in SPP
ERCOT: Electric Reliability Council of Texas
WSCC: Western Systems Coordinating Council
SPP: Southwest Power Pool
p.  24
Completed, Announced, and Retired Wind Projects in Texas, as of Dec. 2015
99 Wind Projects Completed
56 Wind Projects Announced
2 Wind Project Retired
WIND PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)
Wind Farms in ERCOT
Wind Farms in WSCC
Wind Farms in SPP
p.  25
WIND PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)
Total Wind Power 4,500 GWh Total Capacity 17,779      ERCOT Capacity 16,687
p.  26
WIND FARMS CAPACITY/PRODUCTION
2008 Annual/OSP Baseline   vs.    2015 Annual/OSP Measured
0
5,000,000
10,000,000
15,000,000
20,000,000
25,000,000
30,000,000
35,000,000
40,000,000
TOTAL
36,401,467
31,399,556
M
W
h
/y
r
Wind Power Generation in Texas
2015 Total 
Measured 
MWH/yr
2008 Total 
Estimated 
MWH/yr
12.4% Decrease
2008 Calculated from 2015 Measured Annual Power Production 
(Due to wind normalized weather condition)
p.  27
WIND FARMS CAPACITY/PRODUCTION
2008 Annual/OSP Baseline   vs.    2015 Annual/OSP Measured
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
TOTAL
90,384
79,153
M
W
h
/d
a
y
Wind Power Generation in Ozone Season Period in Texas
2015 OSP 
Measured 
MWH/day
2008 OSP 
Estimated 
MWH/day 
2008 Calculated from 2015 Measured OSP Power Production 
(Due to wind normalized weather condition)
12.4% Decrease
p.  28
NOx emissions reductions calculation from electricity savings
NOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRID
• Transmission Lines
• Sub-Station
TRANSMISSION 
& 
DISTRIBUTION
• Residential
• Commercial
• Industrial
CONSUMPTION
• Conventional
• Renewable
GENERATION
p.  29
Energy Savings from 
EE/RE Programs
NOx emissions reductions calculation from electricity savings
NOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRID
p.  30
Energy Production & 
Emissions Reductions
Energy Savings from 
EE/RE Programs
NOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRID
p.  31
4 Congestion 
Management (CM) 
Zones
2010 eGrid
Electricity Flows between CM Zones in ERCOT
NOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRID
p.  32
4 Congestion 
Management (CM) 
Zones
2010 eGrid
NOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRID
Assignment of Consumption Reductions to 
Generators in Each CM Zone
p.  33
2010 Annual eGrid for NOx Emissions
West Zone North Zone
Houston ZoneSouth Zone
Unit: lbs of NOx/MWh
NOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRID
p.  34
2010 OSD eGrid for NOx Emissions
Unit: Tons of NOx/OSD
NOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRID
p.  35
Annual NOx Reductions
Calculation of NOx Emissions from Wind Power Using 2010 eGRID
NOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRID
2015 Measured (Wind Power only) 2008 Baseline (Wind Power only)
5
p.  36
Comparisons of 2008 and 2015 Annual NOx Emissions
Calculation of NOx Emissions from Wind Power Using 2010 eGRID
NOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRID
Annual NOx Reductions
p.  37
OSP NOx Reductions
Calculation of NOx Emissions from Wind Power Using 2010 eGRID
NOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRID
5
2015 Measured (Wind Power only) 2008 Baseline (Wind Power only)
p.  38
OSD Power Generation and NOx Emissions Reductions (2008 base year)
NOx REDUCTIONS FROM WIND POWER
p.  39
OSD Power Generation and NOx Emissions Reductions (2008 base year)
NOx REDUCTIONS FROM WIND POWER
p.  40
OSD Power Generation and NOx Emissions Reductions (2008 base year)
NOx REDUCTIONS FROM WIND POWER
p.  41
Renewables: Biomass, Hydro, Landfill Gas, Solar, Wind
 Wind energy is the largest portion
SAVINGS FROM OTHER RENEWABLES (2001-2015)
p.  42
Renewables: Biomass, Hydro, Landfill Gas, Solar, Wind
 Wind energy is the largest portion
Excluding Wind
SAVINGS FROM OTHER RENEWABLES (2001-2015)
Biomass
Solar
Landfill
Hydro
2012   2013  2014  2015
p.  43
Renewables*:
Solar PV  (4,684 projects)
\
Solar PV
RENEWABLE PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)
p.  44
Renewables*:
Solar PV  (4,684 projects)
Biomass  (21 projects)  
Biomass
RENEWABLE PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)
p.  45
Renewables*:
Solar PV  (4,684 projects)
Biomass  (21 projects)
Hydro  (29 projects)            
Hydro
RENEWABLE PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)
p.  46
Landfill Gas
RENEWABLE PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)
Renewables*:
Solar PV  (4,684 projects)
Biomass  (21 projects)  
Hydro  (29 projects)            
Landfill Gas  (36 projects)
p.  47
Renewables*:
Solar PV  (4,684 projects)
Biomass  (21 projects)  
Hydro  (29 projects)            
Landfill Gas  (36 projects)
Geothermal  (286 projects)
Geothermal
RENEWABLE PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)
p.  48
PUC SB7 Savings and Projections
ENERGY SAVINGS FROM PUC SB7 
• The Public Utility Commission of Texas (PUC) Senate Bill 7 program includes 
their incentive and rebates programs managed by the different Utilities for Texas. 
• These include the Residential Energy Efficiency Programs (REEP) as well as the 
Commercial & Industrial Standard Offer Programs. 
p.  49
ENERGY SAVINGS FROM SECO 
SECO Savings and Projections
• The Texas State Energy Conservation Office (SECO) funds energy-efficiency 
programs directed towards school districts, government agencies, city and 
county governments, private industries and residential energy consumers. 
• The annual electricity savings are obtained from SECO’s energy conservation 
projects reported by political subdivisions for 47 counties. 
p.  50
ESL-Single 
Family
(MWh/County)
ESL-Multifamily
(MWh/County)
ESL-Commercial 
Buildings
(MWh/County)
PUC-SB7
(MWh/CM)
Wind-ERCOT
(MWh/CM)
SECO
(MWh/CM)
2010 25% Annual NOx eGRID 
(Projection Emissions Reduction till 2020)
NOx Emissions 
Reduction 
by Program
NOx Emissions 
Reduction 
by County
NOx Emissions 
Reduction 
by SIP Area
Combined Energy and NOx Savings Summary
(All Programs for the 194 ERCOT Counties)
Base year, Projected year and Adjustment factors
NOx Emissions Reduction 
For ERCOT Counties excluding 
Houston/Galveston Area
NOx Emissions Reduction for 
Dallas/Fort Worth and Surrounding 
Area within a 200 km Radius
SEER13-Single 
Family
(MWh/County)
SEER13-
Multifamily
(MWh/County)
State agencies included:
- TEES/ESL
- PUC 
- SECO 
- ERCOT/Wind 
- SEER 13/14 
Single/Multifamily
Total savings across agencies
Annual emissions reductions:
- By program
- By county
- By SIP area
- By ERCOT counties 
- By City and Surrounding 
Area within a 200km Radius
Integrated Emissions Savings Across Agencies To Report Savings To TCEQ and EPA
INTEGRATED NOx EMISSIONS REDUCTION
p.  51
2015 integrated OSD NOx Emissions Reduction
• ESL Code Compliance   (0.92 tons/day)         
• PUC SB7 programs         (2.12 tons/day)        
• SECO Political Sub.        (0.67 tons/day) 
• Green Power (Wind)       (21.50 tons/day) 
• Residential AC Retrofits  (0.45 tons/day) 
 Total (2015)                 (25.65 tons/day)
2015 Integrated OSD NOx Emissions Reduction Using new 2010 eGrid
Projected to 2020
INTEGRATED NOx EMISSIONS REDUTION (2008 Baseyear)
15.70
22.58
2020 integrated OSD NOx emissions reduction
• ESL Code Compliance   (1.80 tons/day)         
• PUC SB7 programs         (3.37 tons/day)        
• SECO Political Sub.        (0.69 tons/day) 
• Green Power (Wind)       (32.33 tons/day) 
• Residential AC Retrofits  (0.35 tons/day) 
 Total (2020)                 (38.54 tons/day)
2014 2020
25.65 tons/day
38.54 tons/day
p.  52
REPORTS AND PAPERS: TERP
ESL Homepage: 
http://esl.tamu.edu/terp/documents/terp-reports/
p.  53
Reports: 2002 through 2016
2015 Reports:
• TCEQ 2015Annual Preliminary Report: 
Integrated NOx Emissions Savings from 
EE/RE Programs Statewide
• TCEQ 2015Annual Report Volume I: 
Technical Report
• TCEQ 2015 Annual Report Volume II: 
Technical Appendix
• Statewide 2015 Air Emission Calculations 
from Wind and Other Renewables
REPORTS AND PAPERS: TERP
p.  54
Papers: 2015
REPORTS AND PAPERS: TERP
Papers 2015:
• A Framework to Integrate Object-Oriented 
Physical Modelling with Building Information 
Modelling for Building Thermal Simulation.
• Development of Methodology for Calibrated 
Simulation in Single-family Residential Buildings 
using Three-parameter Change-point Regression 
Model
• Development of a Home Energy Audit 
Methodology for Determining Energy-Efficient, 
Cost-Efficient Measures in Existing Single-Family 
Homes Using an Easy-to-use Simulation
• Enhanced Opportunities for Energy Savings in  
Industrial Facilities through Long-Term 
Monitoring
• Qualifying Efficiency Gains of Refrigeration 
Systems Using Advanced Expansion Valve 
Technology
• Improving Monthly Weather-Normalized Energy 
Use Model: Building Energy Use Classification 
Based on Occupancy
• Development of Methodology for Calibrated 
Simulation in Single-family Residential Buildings
• Development of a Home Energy Audit 
Methodology for Determining Energy-Efficient
p.  55
Source from NASA: http://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/new-nasa-images-highlight-us-air-quality-improvement/#.U_-CNxzKbxQ
U.S. AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT FROM 2005 - 2015
p.  56
Contact Information:
Jeff Haberl: jhaberl@tamu.edu
Bahman Yazdani: byazdani@tamu.edu
http://esl.tamu.edu/terp
ESL Contact Information


English

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Impacts on Emission Reductions

Texas A&amp;M Repository

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Impacts on NOx Emission ReductionsJeff Haberl, Ph.D.  Bahman Yazdani, P.E.Juan-Carlos Baltazar, Ph.D., P.E.p.  2Faculty/Staff: Jeff Haberl, Bahman Yazdani,  Juan-Carlos Baltazar, Gali Zilbershtein, Shirley Ellis, Patrick Parker, Larry Degelman, Angela Rowell, Roberto TovarStudents: Farshad Kheiri, Sukjoon Oh, Minjae Shin, Qinbo Li, Navid HodjatACKNOWLEDGEMENTSTCEQ: Vince Meiller, Bob Gifford PUCT: Katie Rich, Therese HarrisSECO: Dub Taylor, Stephen Ross ERCOT: Paul Wattles, Kevin Hanson, Warren LasherUSEPA: Art Diem, Julie Rosenbergp.  3Legislation to Reduce Energy/Emissions 2001 to PresentSenate Bill 5 (77th Legislature, 2001) Ch. 386. Texas Emissions Reduction Plan Sec. 386.205. Evaluation Of State Energy Efficiency Programs (with PUC)Ch. 388.  Texas Building Energy Performance Standards Sec. 388.003. Adoption Of Building Energy Efficiency Performance Standards. Sec. 388.004. Enforcement Of Energy Standards Outside Of Municipality. Sec. 388.007. Distribution Of Information And Technical Assistance. Sec. 388.008. Development Of Home Energy Ratings. TERP Amended (78th Legislature, 2003) Ch. 388.  Texas Building Energy Performance Standards (HB 1365) Sec. 388.004. Enforcement Of Energy Standards Outside Of Municipality.(HB 1365) Sec. 388.009. Energy-Efficient Building Program. Ch. 388.  Texas Building Energy Performance Standards(HB 3235) Sec. 388.009. Certification of Municipal Inspectors.TERP Amended (79th Legislature, 2005) Ch. 382. Health and Safety Code (HB 2129) Sec. 386.056 Development of Creditable Statewide emissions from wind and other renewables. (HB 965) Sec. 382.0275 Commission Action Relating to Water HeatersTERP Amended (80th Legislature, 2007)Ch. 382. Health and Safety Code(HB 3693) Sec. 388.003 added subsection (b-1), (b-2), (b-3) that allows SECO to adopt new editions of the IECC based on written recommendations from the Laboratory.(HB 3693) Sec. 388.008 Development of Standardized report formats for newly constructed residences.Ch. 386.252 Health and and Safety Code(SB 12) Section 388.03 added subsection (b-1), (b-2) allows SECO to adopt new editions of the IECC based on written recommendations from the Laboratory.TERP Amended (81st Legislature, 2009) Ch. 382. Health and Safety Code(HB 1796) Section 23 amends Sec. 386.252 (a) and (b) extends date of TERP to 2019 and requires Commission to contract with Laboratory for creditable EE/RE emissions reductions.LEGISLATIVE RESPONSETERP Amended (82nd Legislature, 2011) Ch. 477.004 Health and Safety CodeHB 51 Section 2, b-2, establishes advisory committee, which including the LaboratorySection 3 & 4 amends review of municipal’s amendments.Ch. 388.003e & 388.007c,d Health and Safety CodeHB 51 Section 3 & 4 amends review of municipal’s amendments.Ch. 388.006 Health and Safety CodeSB 898 Section 2, requires the Laboratory to calculate energy savings and emissions reductions for political subdivisions reporting to SECO.Ch. 39.9051 Utilities CodeSB 924 Section 1g,h and Section 2c,d requires the Laboratory to calculate energy savings and emissions reductions for political subdivisions reporting to SECO.NO new amendments were passed (83rd Legislature, 2013)TERP Amended (84th Legislature, 2015) Section 388.003, Health and Safety CodeHB 1736 Section 1 Establishes the 2015 energy codes as the TBEPS effective Sept 1, 2016. The state may adopt new codes no sooner than every 6 years. The section also adds Energy Rating Index as a voluntary compliance alternative. p.  4Quantifiable: The emission reductions generated by measures to reduce emissions must be quantifiable and include procedures to evaluate and verify over time the level of emission reductions actually achieved.Surplus: Emission reductions are surplus as long as they are not otherwise relied on to meet air quality attainment requirements in air quality programs related to your SIP. Enforceability: Measures that reduce emissions from electricity generation may be: (1) Enforceable directly against a source; (2) Enforceable against another party responsible for the energy efficiency or renewable energy activity; or (3) Included under our voluntary measures policy. Record Keeping: The measure should be permanent throughout the term for which the credit is granted unless it is replaced by another measure or the State demonstrates in a SIP revision that the emission reductions from the measure are no longer needed to meet applicable requirements.EPA CRITERIA FOR SIP CREDITS (2004) p.  5ESL Calculates NOx Emissions Reductions for:1. Code-Compliant Construction: Energy savings from new constructiono ESL Single-family constructiono ESL Multi-family constructiono ESL Commercial construction2. Green Power Production: Wind and other renewables3. PUC SB7: Energy efficiency programs implemented by electric utilities under the Public Utility Regulatory Act §39.9054. SECO: Energy-efficiency programs towards school districts, government agencies, city and county governments, private industries and residential energy consumers5. A/C Retrofits: Installation of SEER 13/14 replacement air conditioners in existing residencesENERGY SAVINGS & NOx EMISSION REDUCTION p.  6Current 2015 VersionLogin Screenp.  7Current 2015 VersionMain Pagep.  8Current 2015 VersionEnergy Code/Site Address/Project Detailsp.  9Current 2015 VersionFloors/BedRooms/Foundationp.  10Current 2015 VersionGlobal Parametersp.  11Current 2015 VersionTesting Roofp.  12Current 2015 VersionA/CWater HeaterHeatingFoundationp.  13Current 2015 VersionCertificatep.  14Current 2015 VersionCertificate on Electrical Panelp.  15Has an analysis been performed to determine actual measured energy savings (i.e., real utility bills)?SAVINGS FROM CODE COMPLIANT CONSTRUCTION p.  16Yes!Calculated savings compared with utility bills*Results published in the 2014 ASHRAE Transactions.p.  17Developed API for IC3 IC3 Web:http://ic3-2015.tamu.eduBenefits from API:• Single screen allowing access to the same DOE-2 model used by the IC3 webpage• Tablet/iPad/iPhone friendly• XML input/output • Easily integrated into existing third party softwarep.  18How much electricity has been saved from residential code compliance for all single-family housing 2000-2015?STATEWIDE SAVINGS FROM CODE COMPLIANCE (2000 – 2014)p.  19Savings (2002 to 2015)Electricity - $1,701 millionDemand - $1,875 millionTotal - $3,576 millionEmissions Reduction in 2015(Equivalent to about 23,000 cars)Increased Costs (2002 to 2015)Costs - $   1,300 millionSTATEWIDE SAVINGS FROM CODE COMPLIANCE 2000 – 2015 (ESTIMATED)Demand: $1,875 millionElectricity: $1,701 millionCost: $1,300 millionTotal: $3,576 millionp.  20Electricity/Water Savings from SF (Code Compliance)Conversion Factors:       430  gal/MWh325,851  gal/acre-ftSTATEWIDE WATER SAVINGS AT POWER PLANTS 2002~2015p.  21Solar ThermalSunmaxx Solar Thermal, Fort Hood, TXLandfill GasAspen Power plant in Lufkin, TX Ground Source Heat PumpGeothermalSAVINGS FROM RENEWABLESSolar PVBlue Wing Solar PV Array ,San AntonioHydroDam at Elephant Butte, El Paso, TXBiomass2.5 Miles Southwest of Woodville, TXp.  22Solar ThermalSunmaxx Solar Thermal, Fort Hood, TXLandfill GasAspen Power plant in Lufkin, TX Ground Source Heat PumpGeothermalSAVINGS FROM RENEWABLESSolar PVBlue Wing Solar PV Array ,San AntonioHydroDam at Elephant Butte, El Paso, TXBiomass2.5 Miles Southwest of Woodville, TXWindDesert Sky Wind Farm, TX.p.  23Completed, Announced, and Retired Wind Projects in Texas, as of Dec. 2015Wind Farms in ERCOTWind Farms in WSCCWind Farms in SPPERCOT: Electric Reliability Council of TexasWSCC: Western Systems Coordinating CouncilSPP: Southwest Power Poolp.  24Completed, Announced, and Retired Wind Projects in Texas, as of Dec. 201599 Wind Projects Completed56 Wind Projects Announced2 Wind Project RetiredWIND PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)Wind Farms in ERCOTWind Farms in WSCCWind Farms in SPPp.  25WIND PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)Total Wind Power 4,500 GWh Total Capacity 17,779      ERCOT Capacity 16,687p.  26WIND FARMS CAPACITY/PRODUCTION2008 Annual/OSP Baseline   vs.    2015 Annual/OSP Measured05,000,00010,000,00015,000,00020,000,00025,000,00030,000,00035,000,00040,000,000TOTAL36,401,46731,399,556MWh/yrWind Power Generation in Texas2015 Total Measured MWH/yr2008 Total Estimated MWH/yr12.4% Decrease2008 Calculated from 2015 Measured Annual Power Production (Due to wind normalized weather condition)p.  27WIND FARMS CAPACITY/PRODUCTION2008 Annual/OSP Baseline   vs.    2015 Annual/OSP Measured010,00020,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,00080,000TOTAL90,38479,153MWh/dayWind Power Generation in Ozone Season Period in Texas2015 OSP Measured MWH/day2008 OSP Estimated MWH/day 2008 Calculated from 2015 Measured OSP Power Production (Due to wind normalized weather condition)12.4% Decreasep.  28NOx emissions reductions calculation from electricity savingsNOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRID• Transmission Lines• Sub-StationTRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION• Residential• Commercial• IndustrialCONSUMPTION• Conventional• RenewableGENERATIONp.  29Energy Savings from EE/RE ProgramsNOx emissions reductions calculation from electricity savingsNOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRIDp.  30Energy Production & Emissions ReductionsEnergy Savings from EE/RE ProgramsNOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRIDp.  314 Congestion Management (CM) Zones2010 eGridElectricity Flows between CM Zones in ERCOTNOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRIDp.  324 Congestion Management (CM) Zones2010 eGridNOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRIDAssignment of Consumption Reductions to Generators in Each CM Zonep.  332010 Annual eGrid for NOx EmissionsWest Zone North ZoneHouston ZoneSouth ZoneUnit: lbs of NOx/MWhNOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRIDp.  342010 OSD eGrid for NOx EmissionsUnit: Tons of NOx/OSDNOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRIDp.  35Annual NOx ReductionsCalculation of NOx Emissions from Wind Power Using 2010 eGRIDNOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRID2015 Measured (Wind Power only) 2008 Baseline (Wind Power only)5p.  36Comparisons of 2008 and 2015 Annual NOx EmissionsCalculation of NOx Emissions from Wind Power Using 2010 eGRIDNOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRIDAnnual NOx Reductionsp.  37OSP NOx ReductionsCalculation of NOx Emissions from Wind Power Using 2010 eGRIDNOx REDUCTIONS USING eGRID52015 Measured (Wind Power only) 2008 Baseline (Wind Power only)p.  38OSD Power Generation and NOx Emissions Reductions (2008 base year)NOx REDUCTIONS FROM WIND POWERp.  39OSD Power Generation and NOx Emissions Reductions (2008 base year)NOx REDUCTIONS FROM WIND POWERp.  40OSD Power Generation and NOx Emissions Reductions (2008 base year)NOx REDUCTIONS FROM WIND POWERp.  41Renewables: Biomass, Hydro, Landfill Gas, Solar, Wind Wind energy is the largest portionSAVINGS FROM OTHER RENEWABLES (2001-2015)p.  42Renewables: Biomass, Hydro, Landfill Gas, Solar, Wind Wind energy is the largest portionExcluding WindSAVINGS FROM OTHER RENEWABLES (2001-2015)BiomassSolarLandfillHydro2012   2013  2014  2015p.  43Renewables*:Solar PV  (4,684 projects)\Solar PVRENEWABLE PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)p.  44Renewables*:Solar PV  (4,684 projects)Biomass  (21 projects)  BiomassRENEWABLE PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)p.  45Renewables*:Solar PV  (4,684 projects)Biomass  (21 projects)Hydro  (29 projects)            HydroRENEWABLE PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)p.  46Landfill GasRENEWABLE PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)Renewables*:Solar PV  (4,684 projects)Biomass  (21 projects)  Hydro  (29 projects)            Landfill Gas  (36 projects)p.  47Renewables*:Solar PV  (4,684 projects)Biomass  (21 projects)  Hydro  (29 projects)            Landfill Gas  (36 projects)Geothermal  (286 projects)GeothermalRENEWABLE PROJECTS IN TEXAS (2015)p.  48PUC SB7 Savings and ProjectionsENERGY SAVINGS FROM PUC SB7 • The Public Utility Commission of Texas (PUC) Senate Bill 7 program includes their incentive and rebates programs managed by the different Utilities for Texas. • These include the Residential Energy Efficiency Programs (REEP) as well as the Commercial & Industrial Standard Offer Programs. p.  49ENERGY SAVINGS FROM SECO SECO Savings and Projections• The Texas State Energy Conservation Office (SECO) funds energy-efficiency programs directed towards school districts, government agencies, city and county governments, private industries and residential energy consumers. • The annual electricity savings are obtained from SECO’s energy conservation projects reported by political subdivisions for 47 counties. p.  50ESL-Single Family(MWh/County)ESL-Multifamily(MWh/County)ESL-Commercial Buildings(MWh/County)PUC-SB7(MWh/CM)Wind-ERCOT(MWh/CM)SECO(MWh/CM)2010 25% Annual NOx eGRID (Projection Emissions Reduction till 2020)NOx Emissions Reduction by ProgramNOx Emissions Reduction by CountyNOx Emissions Reduction by SIP AreaCombined Energy and NOx Savings Summary(All Programs for the 194 ERCOT Counties)Base year, Projected year and Adjustment factorsNOx Emissions Reduction For ERCOT Counties excluding Houston/Galveston AreaNOx Emissions Reduction for Dallas/Fort Worth and Surrounding Area within a 200 km RadiusSEER13-Single Family(MWh/County)SEER13-Multifamily(MWh/County)State agencies included:- TEES/ESL- PUC - SECO - ERCOT/Wind - SEER 13/14 Single/MultifamilyTotal savings across agenciesAnnual emissions reductions:- By program- By county- By SIP area- By ERCOT counties - By City and Surrounding Area within a 200km RadiusIntegrated Emissions Savings Across Agencies To Report Savings To TCEQ and EPAINTEGRATED NOx EMISSIONS REDUCTIONp.  512015 integrated OSD NOx Emissions Reduction• ESL Code Compliance   (0.92 tons/day)         • PUC SB7 programs         (2.12 tons/day)        • SECO Political Sub.        (0.67 tons/day) • Green Power (Wind)       (21.50 tons/day) • Residential AC Retrofits  (0.45 tons/day)  Total (2015)                 (25.65 tons/day)2015 Integrated OSD NOx Emissions Reduction Using new 2010 eGridProjected to 2020INTEGRATED NOx EMISSIONS REDUTION (2008 Baseyear)15.7022.582020 integrated OSD NOx emissions reduction• ESL Code Compliance   (1.80 tons/day)         • PUC SB7 programs         (3.37 tons/day)        • SECO Political Sub.        (0.69 tons/day) • Green Power (Wind)       (32.33 tons/day) • Residential AC Retrofits  (0.35 tons/day)  Total (2020)                 (38.54 tons/day)2014 202025.65 tons/day38.54 tons/dayp.  52REPORTS AND PAPERS: TERPESL Homepage: http://esl.tamu.edu/terp/documents/terp-reports/p.  53Reports: 2002 through 20162015 Reports:• TCEQ 2015Annual Preliminary Report: Integrated NOx Emissions Savings from EE/RE Programs Statewide• TCEQ 2015Annual Report Volume I: Technical Report• TCEQ 2015 Annual Report Volume II: Technical Appendix• Statewide 2015 Air Emission Calculations from Wind and Other RenewablesREPORTS AND PAPERS: TERPp.  54Papers: 2015REPORTS AND PAPERS: TERPPapers 2015:• A Framework to Integrate Object-Oriented Physical Modelling with Building Information Modelling for Building Thermal Simulation.• Development of Methodology for Calibrated Simulation in Single-family Residential Buildings using Three-parameter Change-point Regression Model• Development of a Home Energy Audit Methodology for Determining Energy-Efficient, Cost-Efficient Measures in Existing Single-Family Homes Using an Easy-to-use Simulation• Enhanced Opportunities for Energy Savings in  Industrial Facilities through Long-Term Monitoring• Qualifying Efficiency Gains of Refrigeration Systems Using Advanced Expansion Valve Technology• Improving Monthly Weather-Normalized Energy Use Model: Building Energy Use Classification Based on Occupancy• Development of Methodology for Calibrated Simulation in Single-family Residential Buildings• Development of a Home Energy Audit Methodology for Determining Energy-Efficientp.  55Source from NASA: http://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/new-nasa-images-highlight-us-air-quality-improvement/#.U_-CNxzKbxQU.S. AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT FROM 2005 - 2015p.  56Contact Information:Jeff Haberl: jhaberl@tamu.eduBahman Yazdani: byazdani@tamu.eduhttp://esl.tamu.edu/terpESL Contact Information

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Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Impacts on Emission Reductions

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Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Impacts on Emission Reductions

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