Desiccant cooling systems offer unique advantages
over conventional equipment in certain
applications. AskCorp's Energymaster unit has
been applied in several commercial situations
where these advantages are most significant.
The magnitude of operating cost savings and
improved control is greatest in humid climates
where both ambient enthalpy levels and space
latent loads are highest

Blanpied, M. C.

Coellner, J. A.

Macintosh, D. S.

Texas A&M University

ENERGYMASTER" DESICCANT SYSTEM APPLICATION TO LIGHT COMMERCIAL BUILD1 NGS 
ABSTRACT 
MARK C. BLANPIED 
JAMES A. COELLNER 
DAVID S. MACINTOSH 
AskCorD 
Waco, Texas 
Desiccant coo l ing  systems o f f e r  unique advan- 
tages over conventional equipment i n  c e r t a i n  
app l i ca t ions .  AskCorp's Energymaster u n i t  has 
been app l ied  i n  several commerci a1 s i t u a t i o n s  
where these advantages are most s i g n i f i c a n t .  
The magnitude o f  operat ing cos t  savings and 
improved c o n t r o l  i s  g rea tes t  i n  humid c l imates  
where bo th  ambient enthalpy l e v e l s  and space 
l a t e n t  loads are h ighest .  
INTRODUCTION 
w i t h i n  the  l i g h t  commercial HVAC market 
sector,  the  dominant s t r u c t u r e  i s  the  s i n g l e  s t o r y  
detached b u i l d i n g .  The environmental c o n t r o l  
system i s  genera l l y  made up o f  m u l t i p l e  roo f top ,  
se l f - con ta ined  packaged u n i t s .  These systems are 
operated i n  one o f  t h r e e  con f igu ra t ions :  
1. 100% r e c i r c u l a t i o n .  
2. R e c i r c u l a t i o n  w i t h  makeup a i r .  
3. 100% makeup a i r .  
The Energymaster des iccant  system o f f e r s  
unique advantages t o  each o f  these con f igu ra t ions  
i n  a humid c l i m a t e  p r o v i d i n g  both improved space 
c o n t r o l  l e v e l s  and s i g n i f i c a n t l y  reduced opera t ing  
costs. 
HUMID CLIMATES 
I n  humid c l imates two (2) f a c t o r s  are 
s i g n i f i c a n t l y  d i f f e r e n t  from the  design parameters 
found i n  o ther  areas: Very h i g h  ambient enthalpy 
l e v e l s  and very low sens ib le  t o  l a t e n t  load 
r a t i o s .  Table 1 i l l u s t r a t e s  the  design ou ts ide  
enthalpy values f o r  va r ious  p a r t s  o f  the  Uni ted 
States. 
TABLE 1 
City 
Birminqham 
Mobi 1 e 
Phoenix 
L i t t l e  Rock 
Los Angeles 
San Diego 
San Francisco 
Washington. D.C 
Miami 
Or1 ando 
A t l a n t a  
Chicago 
New Orleans 
Ba l t imore  
Boston 
B i l o x i  
St.  Louis  
Las Veqas 
New York 
Cleveland 
Charleston 
Nashvi 1 l e  
Aus t in  
Beaumon t 
Dal 1 as 
Houston 
Midland 
San Antonio 
Waco 
24% Desiqn 
Wet Bulb 
--
OF 
77 
79 
75 
79 
70 
70 
63 
77 
79 
78 
76 
75 
80 
77 
74 
81 
77 
70 
75 
74 
80 
77 
77 
80 
78 
79 
72 
76 
78 
E n t h a l ~ y  
BTU /I.B 
40.7 
43 .O 
38 .6 
43.0 
34 .2 
34.2 
28.6 
40.7 
43.0 
41.8 
39.6 
38.6 
44.0 
40.7 
37.0 
45 .O 
40.7 
34.2 
38.6 
37 .O 
44 .O 
40.7 
40.7 
44 .O 
41.8 
43.0 
38.6 
39.6 
41.8 
Tons Per 
1000 CFM 
3.34 
4.20 
2.55 
4.20 
0.90 
0.90 
-1.20 
3.34 
4.70 
3.75 
2.92 
2.55 
4.57 
3.34 
1.95 
4.95 
3.34 
0.90 
2.55 
1.95 
4.57 
3.34 
3.34 
4.57 
3.75 
4.20 
2.55 
2.92 
3.75 
It can be seen tha t .  on an e n t h a l ~ y  bas is ,  t h e  
load imposed by makeup a i r  i s  much q rea te r  i n  the 
extreme humid zones o f  t h e  Un i ted  States. There 
a re  a d d i t i o n a l  c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s  o f  t h e  Uni ted 
States humid c l i m a t e  ou ts ide  a i r  pa t te rns  which are 
s i g n i f i c a n t l y  d i f f e r e n t  from both moderate and 
h igh  temperature zones. The f i r s t  i s  t h a t  the  
seasonal and d i u r n a l  wet b u l b  o r  entha1D.y 
v a r i a t i o n s  are small .  For exam~le ,  i n  Ju ly  the 
usual wet bu lb  ranges i n  r e p r e s e n t a t i v e  c i t i e s  
are: 
New Orleans 72 - 80F 
Chicago 50 - 76F 
Cas Vegas 53 - 68F 
The f a c t  t h a t  wet bu lbs remain i n  a narrow band 
a t  h i g h  l e v e l s  means t h e  a i r  c o n d i t i o n i n q  loads 
are h igh  and continuous over t h e  c o o l l n q  season. 
ESL-HH-87-09-18
Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on Improving Building Systems in Hot and Humid Climates, Houston, TX, September 15-16, 1987
I n  a d d i t i o n  humid c l imates are charac te r i zed  
by reduced v a r i a t i o n s  i n  d r y  bu lb  temperatures as 
evidenced by t h e  fo l low ing  Ju ly  ranges: 
New Orleans 70 - 94F 
Chicago 50 - 94F 
Las Vegas 65 - 114F 
This means t h a t  not  on ly  are enthalpy load 
v a r i a t i o n s  minimal, b u t  humid i t y  l e v e l s  approach 
f i x e d  h igh l e v e l s  and l a t e n t  t ransmiss ion loads 
are near l y  constant.  
Sensib le  and l a t e n t  loads are independent o f  
one another. Unfortunately, i n  conventional a i r  
cond i t i on ing ,  l a t e n t  c o o l i n g  i s  dependent on sen- 
s i b l e  cool ing; a i r  i s  cooled t o  a temperature 
below i t s  dewpoint condensing moisture on the  
co ld  surface. La ten t  c o o l i n g  can be increased 
on ly  by inc reas ing  sens ib le  coo l ing  ra tes .  There 
a re  two (2)  opt ions ava i lab le :  reduce space dry-  
bu lb  s e t  p o i n t  t o  increase run  t ime o r  over cool 
and reheat.  
MAKEUP AIR CONDITIONING 
The Energymaster Desiccant Cool ing System pro-  
v ides a1 t e r n a t i v e s  t o  each of these s i t u a t i o n s .  
When used as a makeup a i r  u n i t ,  i t s  capac i t y  i s  
a t  a  maximum and i s  fa r  i n  excess o f  convent ional  
u n i t s  i n  terms o f  coo l ing  per u n i t  mass f low.  
F igure 1 I l l u s t r a t e s  a c o n f i g u r a t i o n  f o r  makeup 
a i r  w i thou t  b e n e f i t  o f  exhaust. 
Outside 
A i r  
1 Outside a i r  1200 CFM 
93F, 140 GR/LB 
45.0 BTU/LB 
ENERGY MASTER" 
TOTAL COOLING: 62,100 BTUH 
LATENT COOLING: 47,800 BTUH 
SENSIBLE COOLING : 14,300 BTUH 
THERMAL COP: 1 .0 
EER : 47.8 
t o  sDace 
Fig.  1 Energymaster - Makeup A i r  U n i t  
(No Return) 
I n  a humid c l imate,  81°F WB. the  1200 CFM u n i t  
prov ides 5.2 tons o f  makeup a i r  c o o l i n q  o r  one (1 )  
ton  per 230 CFM. I n  a d r y  c l imate.  105OF DB. 70 WB 
t h e  Energymaster's capac i t y  would be somewhat 
lower, 3.7 tons. 
I n  a d d i t i o n  t o  i t s  h iqh  c a ~ a c i t y  Der u n i t  mass 
o f  a i r  t r e a t e d  i t  can o f f e r  s i a n i f i c a n t  opera t inq  
savinqs. The bas is  f o r  savinqs l i e s  i n  the  cos t  
d i f f e r e n t i a l  o f  n a t u r a l  gas and e l e c t r i c i t y .  
F igures 2 and 3 i l l u s t r a t e  the  ranqe of savinqs as 
a func t ion  of the  costs  o f  gas and e l e c t r i c i t y .  
ENERQYMASTER' 
MAKE UP AIR UNlT 
SAVINQS V S  UTILITY COSTS QAS COSTS 
6 1 THERM 
COMPARISON 
BASED ON EER 
OF 6 FOR 
CONVENTIONAL UNlT 
ELECTRIC COST * I  KWH 
Fig. 2  Savings vs. U t i l i t y  Costs 
HUMID I TY CONTROL 
La ten t  loads are analagous t o  sens ib le  loads 
except t h a t  i t  i s  t h e  d i f f e r e n c e  i n  vapor pressure 
r a t h e r  than temperature upon which ex te rna l  source 
loads depend. F igure  4 shows t h e  mo is tu re  load on 
a t y p i c a l  2,500 square f o o t  convenience s t o r e  as a 
f u n c t i o n  o f  indoor  and outdoor humid i ty .  The 
mo is tu re  removal r a t e s  f o r  t y p i c a l  23, 5, and 73 
ton  packaged a i r c o n d i t i o n e r s  as w e l l  as an 
Energymaster u n i t  are su~er imposed.  
ESL-HH-87-09-18
Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on Improving Building Systems in Hot and Humid Climates, Houston, TX, September 15-16, 1987
ENEROYYASTEAB 
WAKE UP AIR UNIT 
The 5 ton and 24 ton curves a lso  approximate 
t h e  74 ton  u n i t  runn ing  a t  67% and 33% on-time. 
Reduced on-time i s  the t y p i c a l  c o n d i t i o n  encoun- 
te red  when sens ib le  loads are reduced and simple 
thermostat c o n t r o l  i s  emplo.yed. I t  i s  easy t o  see 
t h a t  under a h igh  ambient humid i t y  c o n d i t i o n  
indoor  humid i t y  w i l l  vary  from 52% t o  73% 
depending upon sensib le  cool i n q  requirements. 
An Energymaster u n i t ,  however, can i n d e ~ e n -  
OAS COSTS d e n t l y  ma in ta in  humid i t y  a t  an,v l e v e l  above 48%. 
# I  THERY When an arranqement o f  an Enerqymaster u n i t  
a0 c o n t r o l  1  i n g  humid i t y  and a convent ional  u n i t  c o n t r o l l i n g  temperature i s  employed n o t  o n l y  i s  
c o n t r o l  malntained, but the  sens ib le  c a ~ a c i t y  o f  
the  conventional un i t  I s  increased s i q n i f i c a n t l y .  
40 A t  73% R.H. a t y ~ i c a l  f i v e  ( 5 )  ton u n i t  has a sen- 
s i b l e  capac i t y  of 30,000 BTUH. At  50% R.H. i t  has 
a sens ib le  capac i t y  o f  38.000 BTUH. an increase of 
so 27%. At  38% sens ib le  capac i t y  increases t o  49,000 
BTUH. 
CONCLUSIONS 
I n  humid c l imates Enerqymaster has two (2) 
outs tanding app l i ca t ions :  t reatment  o f  makeup a i r  
and maintenance o f  indoor  humid i t y  leve ls .  I n  
100% makeup situations I t  can rep lace  u n i t s  o f  up 
t o  s i x  (6) tans. I n  combinat ion 
2 4 (I 8 10 rec i rcu la t ion /makeur  a i r  a p p l i c a t i o n s  i t  can 
e i t h e r  unload a convent ional  u n i t  o r  a l l ow a con- 
ELECTRIC COST ( I KWH ven t iona l  u n i t ' s  f u l l  capac i t y  t o  be u t i l i z e d  f o r  
space sens ib le  cao l inq .  As a humid i t y  c o n t r o l  
device, i t  can ma in ta in  des i red  leve ls ,  i nc reas ina  
t h e  capac i t y  o f  convent ional  u n i t s  f o r  sens ib le  
coo l ing .  
Fig. 3  Savings vs. U t i l i t y  Costs The Enerqymaster des iccant  system has many 
app l i ca t ions ,  bu t  i n  the two a ~ ~ l i c a t i o n s  
described, makeup a i r  treatment and space humid i t y  
con t ro l ,  i t  has both c a p a b i l i t i e s  and economies 
beyond those of convent ional  vapor compression 
u n i t s .  
7% TON 
404 ENEROYMASTER 
LOADS BASED ON OUTDOOR 
HUMIDITY O #OF 
Ib & & 40 60 00 70 80 W 100 
Fig. 4 Load C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s  
ESL-HH-87-09-18
Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on Improving Building Systems in Hot and Humid Climates, Houston, TX, September 15-16, 1987


English

Energymaster Desiccant System Application to Light Commercial Buildings

Texas A&amp;M Repository

ENERGYMASTER" DESICCANT SYSTEM APPLICATION TO LIGHT COMMERCIAL BUILD1 NGS ABSTRACT MARK C. BLANPIED JAMES A. COELLNER DAVID S. MACINTOSH AskCorD Waco, Texas Desiccant coo l ing  systems o f f e r  unique advan- tages over conventional equipment i n  c e r t a i n  app l i ca t ions .  AskCorp's Energymaster u n i t  has been app l ied  i n  several commerci a1 s i t u a t i o n s  where these advantages are most s i g n i f i c a n t .  The magnitude o f  operat ing cos t  savings and improved c o n t r o l  i s  g rea tes t  i n  humid c l imates  where bo th  ambient enthalpy l e v e l s  and space l a t e n t  loads are h ighest .  INTRODUCTION w i t h i n  the  l i g h t  commercial HVAC market sector,  the  dominant s t r u c t u r e  i s  the  s i n g l e  s t o r y  detached b u i l d i n g .  The environmental c o n t r o l  system i s  genera l l y  made up o f  m u l t i p l e  roo f top ,  se l f - con ta ined  packaged u n i t s .  These systems are operated i n  one o f  t h r e e  con f igu ra t ions :  1. 100% r e c i r c u l a t i o n .  2. R e c i r c u l a t i o n  w i t h  makeup a i r .  3. 100% makeup a i r .  The Energymaster des iccant  system o f f e r s  unique advantages t o  each o f  these con f igu ra t ions  i n  a humid c l i m a t e  p r o v i d i n g  both improved space c o n t r o l  l e v e l s  and s i g n i f i c a n t l y  reduced opera t ing  costs. HUMID CLIMATES I n  humid c l imates two (2) f a c t o r s  are s i g n i f i c a n t l y  d i f f e r e n t  from the  design parameters found i n  o ther  areas: Very h i g h  ambient enthalpy l e v e l s  and very low sens ib le  t o  l a t e n t  load r a t i o s .  Table 1 i l l u s t r a t e s  the  design ou ts ide  enthalpy values f o r  va r ious  p a r t s  o f  the  Uni ted States. TABLE 1 City Birminqham Mobi 1 e Phoenix L i t t l e  Rock Los Angeles San Diego San Francisco Washington. D.C Miami Or1 ando A t l a n t a  Chicago New Orleans Ba l t imore  Boston B i l o x i  St.  Louis  Las Veqas New York Cleveland Charleston Nashvi 1 l e  Aus t in  Beaumon t Dal 1 as Houston Midland San Antonio Waco 24% Desiqn Wet Bulb --OF 77 79 75 79 70 70 63 77 79 78 76 75 80 77 74 81 77 70 75 74 80 77 77 80 78 79 72 76 78 E n t h a l ~ y  BTU /I.B 40.7 43 .O 38 .6 43.0 34 .2 34.2 28.6 40.7 43.0 41.8 39.6 38.6 44.0 40.7 37.0 45 .O 40.7 34.2 38.6 37 .O 44 .O 40.7 40.7 44 .O 41.8 43.0 38.6 39.6 41.8 Tons Per 1000 CFM 3.34 4.20 2.55 4.20 0.90 0.90 -1.20 3.34 4.70 3.75 2.92 2.55 4.57 3.34 1.95 4.95 3.34 0.90 2.55 1.95 4.57 3.34 3.34 4.57 3.75 4.20 2.55 2.92 3.75 It can be seen tha t .  on an e n t h a l ~ y  bas is ,  t h e  load imposed by makeup a i r  i s  much q rea te r  i n  the extreme humid zones o f  t h e  Un i ted  States. There a re  a d d i t i o n a l  c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s  o f  t h e  Uni ted States humid c l i m a t e  ou ts ide  a i r  pa t te rns  which are s i g n i f i c a n t l y  d i f f e r e n t  from both moderate and h igh  temperature zones. The f i r s t  i s  t h a t  the  seasonal and d i u r n a l  wet b u l b  o r  entha1D.y v a r i a t i o n s  are small .  For exam~le ,  i n  Ju ly  the usual wet bu lb  ranges i n  r e p r e s e n t a t i v e  c i t i e s  are: New Orleans 72 - 80F Chicago 50 - 76F Cas Vegas 53 - 68F The f a c t  t h a t  wet bu lbs remain i n  a narrow band a t  h i g h  l e v e l s  means t h e  a i r  c o n d i t i o n i n q  loads are h igh  and continuous over t h e  c o o l l n q  season. ESL-HH-87-09-18Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on Improving Building Systems in Hot and Humid Climates, Houston, TX, September 15-16, 1987I n  a d d i t i o n  humid c l imates are charac te r i zed  by reduced v a r i a t i o n s  i n  d r y  bu lb  temperatures as evidenced by t h e  fo l low ing  Ju ly  ranges: New Orleans 70 - 94F Chicago 50 - 94F Las Vegas 65 - 114F This means t h a t  not  on ly  are enthalpy load v a r i a t i o n s  minimal, b u t  humid i t y  l e v e l s  approach f i x e d  h igh l e v e l s  and l a t e n t  t ransmiss ion loads are near l y  constant.  Sensib le  and l a t e n t  loads are independent o f  one another. Unfortunately, i n  conventional a i r  cond i t i on ing ,  l a t e n t  c o o l i n g  i s  dependent on sen- s i b l e  cool ing; a i r  i s  cooled t o  a temperature below i t s  dewpoint condensing moisture on the  co ld  surface. La ten t  c o o l i n g  can be increased on ly  by inc reas ing  sens ib le  coo l ing  ra tes .  There a re  two (2)  opt ions ava i lab le :  reduce space dry-  bu lb  s e t  p o i n t  t o  increase run  t ime o r  over cool and reheat.  MAKEUP AIR CONDITIONING The Energymaster Desiccant Cool ing System pro-  v ides a1 t e r n a t i v e s  t o  each of these s i t u a t i o n s .  When used as a makeup a i r  u n i t ,  i t s  capac i t y  i s  a t  a  maximum and i s  fa r  i n  excess o f  convent ional  u n i t s  i n  terms o f  coo l ing  per u n i t  mass f low.  F igure 1 I l l u s t r a t e s  a c o n f i g u r a t i o n  f o r  makeup a i r  w i thou t  b e n e f i t  o f  exhaust. Outside A i r  1 Outside a i r  1200 CFM 93F, 140 GR/LB 45.0 BTU/LB ENERGY MASTER" TOTAL COOLING: 62,100 BTUH LATENT COOLING: 47,800 BTUH SENSIBLE COOLING : 14,300 BTUH THERMAL COP: 1 .0 EER : 47.8 t o  sDace Fig.  1 Energymaster - Makeup A i r  U n i t  (No Return) I n  a humid c l imate,  81°F WB. the  1200 CFM u n i t  prov ides 5.2 tons o f  makeup a i r  c o o l i n q  o r  one (1 )  ton  per 230 CFM. I n  a d r y  c l imate.  105OF DB. 70 WB t h e  Energymaster's capac i t y  would be somewhat lower, 3.7 tons. I n  a d d i t i o n  t o  i t s  h iqh  c a ~ a c i t y  Der u n i t  mass o f  a i r  t r e a t e d  i t  can o f f e r  s i a n i f i c a n t  opera t inq  savinqs. The bas is  f o r  savinqs l i e s  i n  the  cos t  d i f f e r e n t i a l  o f  n a t u r a l  gas and e l e c t r i c i t y .  F igures 2 and 3 i l l u s t r a t e  the  ranqe of savinqs as a func t ion  of the  costs  o f  gas and e l e c t r i c i t y .  ENERQYMASTER' MAKE UP AIR UNlT SAVINQS V S  UTILITY COSTS QAS COSTS 6 1 THERM COMPARISON BASED ON EER OF 6 FOR CONVENTIONAL UNlT ELECTRIC COST * I  KWH Fig. 2  Savings vs. U t i l i t y  Costs HUMID I TY CONTROL La ten t  loads are analagous t o  sens ib le  loads except t h a t  i t  i s  t h e  d i f f e r e n c e  i n  vapor pressure r a t h e r  than temperature upon which ex te rna l  source loads depend. F igure  4 shows t h e  mo is tu re  load on a t y p i c a l  2,500 square f o o t  convenience s t o r e  as a f u n c t i o n  o f  indoor  and outdoor humid i ty .  The mo is tu re  removal r a t e s  f o r  t y p i c a l  23, 5, and 73 ton  packaged a i r c o n d i t i o n e r s  as w e l l  as an Energymaster u n i t  are su~er imposed.  ESL-HH-87-09-18Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on Improving Building Systems in Hot and Humid Climates, Houston, TX, September 15-16, 1987ENEROYYASTEAB WAKE UP AIR UNIT The 5 ton and 24 ton curves a lso  approximate t h e  74 ton  u n i t  runn ing  a t  67% and 33% on-time. Reduced on-time i s  the t y p i c a l  c o n d i t i o n  encoun- te red  when sens ib le  loads are reduced and simple thermostat c o n t r o l  i s  emplo.yed. I t  i s  easy t o  see t h a t  under a h igh  ambient humid i t y  c o n d i t i o n  indoor  humid i t y  w i l l  vary  from 52% t o  73% depending upon sensib le  cool i n q  requirements. An Energymaster u n i t ,  however, can i n d e ~ e n -  OAS COSTS d e n t l y  ma in ta in  humid i t y  a t  an,v l e v e l  above 48%. # I  THERY When an arranqement o f  an Enerqymaster u n i t  a0 c o n t r o l  1  i n g  humid i t y  and a convent ional  u n i t  c o n t r o l l i n g  temperature i s  employed n o t  o n l y  i s  c o n t r o l  malntained, but the  sens ib le  c a ~ a c i t y  o f  the  conventional un i t  I s  increased s i q n i f i c a n t l y .  40 A t  73% R.H. a t y ~ i c a l  f i v e  ( 5 )  ton u n i t  has a sen- s i b l e  capac i t y  of 30,000 BTUH. At  50% R.H. i t  has a sens ib le  capac i t y  o f  38.000 BTUH. an increase of so 27%. At  38% sens ib le  capac i t y  increases t o  49,000 BTUH. CONCLUSIONS I n  humid c l imates Enerqymaster has two (2) outs tanding app l i ca t ions :  t reatment  o f  makeup a i r  and maintenance o f  indoor  humid i t y  leve ls .  I n  100% makeup situations I t  can rep lace  u n i t s  o f  up t o  s i x  (6) tans. I n  combinat ion 2 4 (I 8 10 rec i rcu la t ion /makeur  a i r  a p p l i c a t i o n s  i t  can e i t h e r  unload a convent ional  u n i t  o r  a l l ow a con- ELECTRIC COST ( I KWH ven t iona l  u n i t ' s  f u l l  capac i t y  t o  be u t i l i z e d  f o r  space sens ib le  cao l inq .  As a humid i t y  c o n t r o l  device, i t  can ma in ta in  des i red  leve ls ,  i nc reas ina  t h e  capac i t y  o f  convent ional  u n i t s  f o r  sens ib le  coo l ing .  Fig. 3  Savings vs. U t i l i t y  Costs The Enerqymaster des iccant  system has many app l i ca t ions ,  bu t  i n  the two a ~ ~ l i c a t i o n s  described, makeup a i r  treatment and space humid i t y  con t ro l ,  i t  has both c a p a b i l i t i e s  and economies beyond those of convent ional  vapor compression u n i t s .  7% TON 404 ENEROYMASTER LOADS BASED ON OUTDOOR HUMIDITY O #OF Ib & & 40 60 00 70 80 W 100 Fig. 4 Load C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s  ESL-HH-87-09-18Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on Improving Building Systems in Hot and Humid Climates, Houston, TX, September 15-16, 1987

https://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/bitstream/1969.1/6487/3/ESL-HH-87-09-18.pdf

Energymaster Desiccant System Application to Light Commercial Buildings

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Energymaster Desiccant System Application to Light Commercial Buildings

Abstract

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Texas A&M University

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