A PAR-1–mediated bias in microtubule organization in the
                        Drosophila oocyte underlies posterior-directed mRNA
                    transport

Ball, Graeme

Cullen, C. Fiona

Davis, Ilan

Hamilton, Russell S.

Lu, Weiping

Ohkura, Hiroyuki

Parton, Richard M.

Yang, Lei

The Journal of Cell Biology

English

PubMed

Cytoskeletal organization is central to establishing cell polarity in various cellular contexts, including during messenger ribonucleic acid sorting in Drosophila melanogaster oocytes by microtubule (MT)-dependent molecular motors. However, MT organization and dynamics remain controversial in the oocyte. In this paper, we use rapid multichannel live-cell imaging with novel image analysis, tracking, and visualization tools to characterize MT polarity and dynamics while imaging posterior cargo transport. We found that all MTs in the oocyte were highly dynamic and were organized with a biased random polarity that increased toward the posterior. This organization originated through MT nucleation at the oocyte nucleus and cortex, except at the posterior end of the oocyte, where PAR-1 suppressed nucleation. Our findings explain the biased random posterior cargo movements in the oocyte that establish the germline and posterior

Parton, RM

Hamilton, RS

Ball, G

Yang, L

Cullen, CF

Lu, W

Ohkura, H

ORA - Oxford University Research Archive

A PAR-1-dependent orientation gradient of dynamic microtubules directs posterior cargo transport in the Drosophila oocyte.

Cytoskeletal organization is central to establishing cell polarity in various cellular contexts, including during messenger ribonucleic acid sorting in Drosophila melanogaster oocytes by microtubule (MT)-dependent molecular motors. However, MT organization and dynamics remain controversial in the oocyte. In this paper, we use rapid multichannel live-cell imaging with novel image analysis, tracking, and visualization tools to characterize MT polarity and dynamics while imaging posterior cargo transport. We found that all MTs in the oocyte were highly dynamic and were organized with a biased random polarity that increased toward the posterior. This organization originated through MT nucleation at the oocyte nucleus and cortex, except at the posterior end of the oocyte, where PAR-1 suppressed nucleation. Our findings explain the biased random posterior cargo movements in the oocyte that establish the germline and posterior.</p

Heriot Watt Pure

A PAR-1-dependent orientation gradient of dynamic microtubules directs posterior cargo transport in the Drosophila oocyte

Parton, R

Hamilton, R

Cullen, Fiona

Davis, I

Edinburgh Research Explorer

A function for kinesin I in the posterior transport of oskar mRNA and Staufen protein.

Anterior-posterior polarity in C. elegans and Drosophila—PARallels and differences.

cornichon and the EGF receptor signaling process are necessary for both anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral pattern formation in Drosophila.

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Intracellular mRNA localization: motors move messages. Trends Genet.

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Par-1 and Tau regulate the anterior-posterior gradient of microtubules in Drosophila oocytes.

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Planar cell polarity: one or two pathways?

Polarized transport of Frizzled along the planar microtubule arrays in Drosophila wing epithelium.

Reorganization of the cytoskeleton during Drosophila oogenesis: implications for axis specification and intercellular transport.

The Drosophila homolog of C. elegans PAR-1 organizes the oocyte cytoskeleton and directs oskar mRNA localization to the posterior pole.

Transmitting the message: intracellular mRNA localization. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 22:112–119. doi:10.1016/j .ceb.2009.11.011

Oxford University Research Archive (ORA)

Oxford University Research Archive

http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3135408

A PAR-1–dependent orientation gradient of dynamic microtubules
                    directs posterior cargo transport in the Drosophila
                    oocyte

A PAR-1–dependent orientation gradient of dynamic microtubules directs posterior cargo transport in the Drosophila oocyte

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ORA - Oxford University Research Archive

Heriot Watt Pure

Edinburgh Research Explorer

Oxford University Research Archive (ORA)

Heriot Watt Pure

Oxford University Research Archive