Alqathama, A

Prieto, JM

UCL Discovery

Anti-migratory	and	cytotoxic	properties	of	medicinal	plants	against	melanoma	(Poster	number		A.	Alqathama1,	J.M.	Prieto2.		1School	of	Pharmacy,	Um-al-Qura	University,	Makkah,	Kingdom	Saudi	Arabia.	2	UCL	School	of	Pharmacy,	Department	of	Pharmaceutical	&	Biological	Chemistry,	London,	United	Kingdom.		Background:	Malignant	melanoma	 is	 the	most	 aggressive	 form	 of	 skin	 cancer.	 As	 natural	products	are	an	important	source	of	new	anti-cancer	lead	compounds,	the	aim	of	this	study	is	 to	screen	selected	Saudi	medicinal	plants	 for	anti-melanoma	activity	by	evaluating	their	effects	on	cell	proliferation,	viability,	cell	cycle	profile,	apoptosis	induction	and	migration,	as	well	as	to	characterize	the	active	principle	compounds.	Material	 and	Method:	 Several	 fractions	 (hexane,	 chloroform	 and	water)	 of	 the	methanol	extracts	 of	 selected	 Saudi	medicinal	 plants	 were	 tested	 against	melanoma	 cell	 lines.	 The	cytotoxic	effects	of	the	extracts	were	determined	by	Sulforhodamine	B	staining	and	Alamar	Blue	assay.	Further	mechanistic	studies	were	performed	namely	caspase	3/7	activity	assay	and	cell	cycle	analysis.	A	2D	migration	assay	was	conducted	and	phytochemical	analyses	were	performed	using	HPLC	and	SPE	techniques.	Results	 and	 Discussion:	 The	 extracts	 showing	 significant	 cytotoxic	 effects	 (IC50	 shown	 in	mg/ml)	 are	 the	 chloroform	 fraction	 of	Haplophyllum	 tuberculatum	 (HT)	 (6.058),	Capparis	decidua	 (CD)	 (15.95),	 Aizoon	 canariense	 (AC)	 (20.58),	 Carissa	 edulis	 (CE)	 (47),	 Cyperus	rotundus	(CR)	(70.32),	Otostegia	fruticosa	(OF)	(88.45),	Osteospermum	vaillantii	(OV)	(44.04),	Pulicaria	inuloides	(39.84),	Grewia	tenax	(GT)	(83.29),	the	hexane	fraction	of	Euryops	arabicus	(EA)	(87.89),	Plicosepalus	curviflorus	(PC)	(30.86)	and	the	aqueous	fraction	of	Acacia	nilotica	(AN)	(20.29).	Cell	cycle	analysis	showed	that	GT,	HT	and	PC	were	able	to	arrest	cell	cycle	at	S	phase	whereas	CD	induced	G2/M	arrest.	The	activity	of	caspase	3/7	was	induced	by	CE,	EA,	GT,	 HT	 and	 PC.	 The	 hexane	 fraction	 of	OV	was	 the	 only	 extract	 inhibiting	melanoma	 cell	migration.		Conclusion:	The	cytotoxic	effects	of	CE,	GT,	HT	and	PC	are	characterized	by	cell	cycle	arrest	at	S	phase,	in	association	with	the	induction	of	apoptosis	whereas	CD	induced	cell	cycle	arrest	at	 G2/M.	OV	 extract	 possesses	 anti-migratory	 effect	 in	melanoma.	 Isolation	 of	 the	 active	principles	and	identification	of	the	mechanisms	of	action	are	in	progress.		Published	in	European	Journal	of	Cancer,	Volume	50,	Supplement	5,	July	2014,	Page	S198.	

Anti-migratory and cytotoxic properties of medicinal plants against melanoma

http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1493292/1/AlQathama%20EurJCancer.pdf

Anti-migratory and cytotoxic properties of medicinal plants against melanoma

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